Anthelmintic activities of three medicinal plants from Nigeria

Aqueous extracts of the leaf, stem bark and root bark from Canna bidentata, Spondias mombin and Commiphora africana were examined for anthelmintic activity against earthworm. All the extracts demonstrated a concentration-dependent activity at tested concentrations of 10-80 mg/ml. Higher activities were observed at the higher concentrations, 40-80 mg/ml for all the plant extracts. C. bidentata with a paralysis time of 3-5 min and death time of 5-18 min at these concentrations for the stem bark, and S. mombin which exhibited comparatively higher efficacy (34-44 min paralysis time and 105 min death time for the leaf) at lower concentrations of 10-20 mg/ml were adjudged the outstanding anthelmintics of plant origin accordingly.     

云南美人蕉病毒病病原鉴定

In this study,the causal agents were identified from Canna indica viral diseased plants in Yunnan Province.The diseased C.indica plants mainly exhibited the symptoms like veinal chlorosis and yellowing,streak mosaic or interveinal chlorosis,while older leaves always showed veinal necrosis as well as chlorosis.Viral pathogens were detected by RT-PCR/PCR in 24 diseased C.indica samples collected from Kunming and Yuxi City in Yunnan Province.The results indicated that the main C.indica-infecting viruses were canna yellow mottle virus (CaYMV),bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV),sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV).CaYMV showed the highest detection rate of 87.5 %,whereas,the BYMV had the lowest rate of 16.7% in the 24 samples.Co-infections of CaYMV+SCMV,CaYMV+BYMV and CaYMV+SCMV+BYMV were also detected in the diseased samples.However,cucumber mosaic virus (CMV),tobamovirus,luteovirus,orthotospovirus,begomovirus and umbravirus were not detected in these samples.This is the first report of CaYMV and SCMV infecting C.indica in Yunnan province.     

富营养化污水对美人蕉生理特性的影响

以美人蕉为材料,研究了富营养化污水中氮、磷浓度变化对美人蕉生理特性的影响.结果显示,富营养化污水明显影响美人蕉的生长,表现为生物量增加缓慢、叶绿素含量下降.高浓度的氮、磷引起美人蕉过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶等酶的活性持续升高,随着富营养化污水中氮、磷浓度的升高,3种酶的活性变幅明显减小,相反,美人蕉植株中的丙二醛含量却明显升高.研究表明美人蕉抗氧化酶系统的活性受到富营养化污水的干扰,清除活性氧能力有所下降,活性氧积累促进膜脂过氧化加快.这种变化可能是富营养化污水影响植物生长的原因之一,也可能是植物对富营养化污水修复效果的限制性因素之一.     

蕉藕(Canna edulis)淀粉理化性质研究

对蕉藕(Canna edulis)淀粉的理化性质研究表明,蕉藕淀粉呈椭圆形或长蚌壳形,直径15～75μm,表面具轮纹,顶端有明显的偏光十字,糊化温度为60～85℃,粘度较高,直链淀粉含量39.46％。     

美人萑的病虫害防治

美人蕉病虫害防治的要点,在于抓好病虫害防治的技术管理,充分发挥人的主动性,主动预防,及时防治。     

Feeding Value and In situ Digestibility of Edible Canna for Silage

Abstract

To assess the potentiality of edible canna (Canna edulis Ker-Gawl.) as economically and environmentally sound animal feed, the feeding value of silage prepared from aboveground parts was examined, in parallel with studies on in situ digestion in the rumen among three local varieties. Contents of crude protein, acid and neutral detergent fibers and crude ash in canna silage were significantly higher, and that of nonstructural carbohydrate was significantly lower than in corn silage. The pH of corn and ‘yellow flower’ canna silages were significantly lower (3.8~3.9) than either ‘green stem’ or ‘red stem’ canna silage (4.4~4.9). The contents of lactic acid, acetic acid, total organic acid and the Flieg’s score of ‘yellow flower’ canna silage were equivalent or superior to those of corn silage. The rate of disappearance of dry matter in the rumen was significantly higher for corn silage than for canna silage, while the disappearance of neutral detergent fiber in canna silage was more rapid during the first 12 hours of incubation, but less rapid thereafter. The effective degradability of dry matter and organic matter of canna silage in the rumen was significantly higher than that of corn. Silage made from edible canna has a potential as a feed for ruminants.     

贵州黔西南芭蕉芋生产潜力和发展建议

简述贵州黔西南布依族苗族自治州芭蕉芋产业现状和生产潜力;提出产业发展建议。     

美人蕉种植根区水对藻类生长的影响

通过取用美人蕉(Canna indica)种植根区水置于光照培养箱中对小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)和卵形衣藻(Chamydom onas ovalis)进行培养和观察,获得两种藻类的生长数据。结果显示:根区水在6 d对小球藻的化感效应为-0.7331,对卵形衣藻则为-0.4408;小球藻试验组与对照组的细胞数量在2~6 d差异显著(P<0.05),而卵形衣藻的细胞数量在5~6 d出现显著差异(P<0.05)。显微镜观察还发现,试验组卵形衣藻部分细胞颜色变白、细胞器溶解,并出现胶群体,对照组没有发现这种现象。实验说明美人蕉根系能分泌一些化感物质影响藻类生长,化感物质对藻类的影响具有选择性。     

蕉藕作猪饲料的饲养育肥试验研究

两次共60头猪的饲养育肥试验结果表明，用鲜蕉藕打浆喂猪，与玉米，豆粕型常规饲料相比，含蕉藕组份的试验组猪只采食量和日增重均低于对照组，但蕉藕日粮养猪可节约饲料粮用量16%-40%，根据本试验，蕉藕可以作为能量饲料应用于养猪业中，应用时间最好在育肥期，用量以占日粮风干物的20%-30%左右为宜。     

美人蕉种质资源的RAPD分析

 利用RAPD技术对美人蕉属4个种和52个品种的亲缘关系进行研究, 从125个随机引物中筛选出27个多态性较高的引物, 扩增出223条DNA带, 其中140条为多态带, 占62.78% , 平均每个引物扩增的DNA带数为8.26条。3个种和7个品种具有特异的位点, 可作为种质鉴定的依据。根据RAPD扩增结果建立美人蕉UPGMA聚类图, 在0.11处将56份种质划分为4类。分子聚类结果与形态分类结果基本一致, 4个种分属4个类群, 52个品种分为大花美人蕉和兰花美人蕉。对美人蕉品种分类和品种演化进行了初步探讨。