氮素形态不同配比对黄瓜生长和性别分化的影响（初报）

采用基质培养研究氮素形态不同配比对黄瓜生长及性别分化的影响,结果表明用纯NO3--N营养液处理,黄瓜植株营养生长旺盛,当NH4 -N占25％和50％时,黄瓜的生殖生长明显促进,表现为比纯NO3--N处理第一雌花低0.4、0.6节,雌花率增加了23.9％、31.0％,单株产量增加了35.3％、28.7％。叶片和果实中矿物元素钾增加了0.02％～1.41％,铁增加了11～124,ug/g DW,锌增加了37.6～47.0μg/g DW,镁、锰、铜差异不大。黄瓜在不同生育期对氮素形态的敏感性有差异,幼苗期比生长旺盛期不敏感。     

Bone mineral changes in growing, pregnant and lactating cattle

Bone mineral content (BMC) was determined in one or two coccygeal vertebrae by dichromatic photon absorptiometry in two sets of cattle: A. This set consisted of six fattening bulls. Their increases of BMC and weights were closely correlated. However, BMC increased slightly more than weight. B. There were 28 cows in this set. BMC was measured during lactation and pregnancy. It was found that BMC increased during the dry period and decreased during early lactation. There were great individual variations in BMC, and the skeletal turnover seemed to be great.     

土壤脱湿过程中NaCl胁迫对羊草生长和矿质元素吸收的影响

用不同盐分浓度的NaCl中性盐对羊草进行胁迫,探讨在土壤脱湿过程中,NaCl胁迫对羊草生长和矿质元素吸收分配的影响。结果表明,当土壤溶液NaCl浓度小于125mmol/L(土壤总盐小于o．34％)时,盐分胁迫对羊草株高、根长、干物质积累量和相对生长率(RGR)无显著影响,且根系的钾钠吸收选择性和运输选择性随盐度处理水平的增加而增强。但当NaCl浓度超过225mmol/L(土壤总盐大于0．53％)后,其株高、根长、干物质积累量和相对生长率(RGR)随盐度增加而显著降低(P＜0．05),根系的钾钠吸收选择性和运输选择性也随盐度处理水平的增加而逐渐减弱。NaCl胁迫条件下,羊草对K、Ca的比吸收率(SAR)降低,茎叶K、Ca含量随盐度的增加显著减少(P＜0．05),Na、Cl含量则均随盐度的增加而显著提高,植株K／Na降低。羊草茎叶的盐分离子(Na^ 、Cl^-)含量与相对生长率(RGR)之间呈显著的负相关关系。     

黄土高原不同林龄土壤质地和矿质元素差异研究

对黄土高原不同林龄和不同树种条件下土壤的机械组成和矿质元素含量进行了分析研究,结果表明:①成林土壤砂粒、粉粒含量低于中幼林土壤,粘粒含量高于中幼林土壤,且呈显著性差异;②成林土壤Al2O3、Fe2O3、TiO2、MnO2、K2O含量相对于中幼林土壤有不同程度的增加,除MnO2外,差异均为极显著;成林土壤中Al2O3、Fe2O3、TiO2、MnO2在土壤中下层有不同程度的富集,SiO2、CaO含量降低;③矿质元素含量与土壤质地密切相关。     

四种鲜牛肝菌成分分析

采用原子吸收分光光度法、比色法等方法对美味牛肝菌、华美牛肝菌、美柄牛肝菌和绒柄牛肝菌4种鲜牛肝菌的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、矿质元素、有害元素的含量进行测定.结果表明,4种鲜牛肝菌中,粗蛋白、粗脂肪、总糖和粗纤维的含量范围分别是4.38%～5.42%、2.47%～3.07%、1.26%～3.85%、1.23%～1.56%;矿质元素铁、锌、钙的含量范围分别是19.62～37.96mg/kg、6.53～9.67mg/kg、146.23～298.02mg/kg;总砷含量未检出,有害元素总汞、铅、镉的含量范围分别是0.06～0.73mg/kg、0.4～0.62mg/kg、0.075～0.105mg/kg.结论：这4种野生鲜牛肝菌含有丰富的营养成分,但华美牛肝菌、美柄牛肝菌中总汞含量较高,值得关注.     

纽荷尔脐橙缺硼表现与其硼、糖含量年变化的关系

 研究了赣南‘纽荷尔’和‘朋娜’脐橙果实及叶片的硼和可溶性糖含量的年变化。结果表明: 幼果期两品种果皮硼含量均较高, 之后果皮与果肉硼含量均趋下降, 但在果实膨大中后期均出现显著上升。纽荷尔越冬老叶硼含量趋明显下降并居较低水平, 而朋娜老叶硼含量变幅小且相对较高。果实膨大中后期两品种果皮和果肉的可溶性糖含量均与果实硼含量出现同步积累, 此时二者老叶和朋娜春梢叶的糖含量均出现低谷, 而对应纽荷尔春梢叶糖含量并无明显下降。     

Micronutrients affecting adipogenesis in beef cattle

Beef marbling is an important trait of meat quality and beef marbling influences the tenderness and flavor of beef, which contributes directly to the value of beef especially in the Japanese market. The lipid content of beef depends on the strain, sex, diet and fattening period of the animal. Japanese Black cattle (Wagyu) are well‐known for their ability to produce marbling beef and this is a popular strain in Japan. The development of beef marbling was closely associated with an increase in the number of adipocytes, that is, adipocyte differentiation in the skeletal muscle. This review article describes our experiment and related reports on micronutrients, especially vitamins and minerals, affecting adipogenesis in beef cattle. We pursue the possibility that manipulating the level of dietary micronutrients may become a new technique to promote beef marbling.     

Evaluation of biological control agents for managing cucurbit powdery mildew on greenhouse-grown melon

An evaluation was made of the ability of two mycoparasite-based products AQ10® ( Ampelomyces quisqualis ) and Mycotal® ( Lecanicillium lecanii ), as well as three strains of Bacillus subtilis , to manage powdery mildew disease, caused by Podosphaera fusca on melon seedlings maintained under different regimes of relative humidity and on plants grown under greenhouse conditions in Spain. In every case fungal and bacterial biocontrol agents (BCAs) performed better under conditions of high relative humidity (90–95% RH). In greenhouse experiments, the effectiveness of the mycoparasites to manage powdery mildew was absolutely dependent on mineral oil. The strains of B. subtilis provided disease control similar to that achieved with the mycoparasites or the fungicide azoxystrobin. Microscopic analysis showed the ability of these bacterial strains to efficiently colonize leaf surfaces and revealed the occurrence of antagonistic interactions between biological agents and P. fusca structures. These results confirmed the usefulness of these BCAs for managing powdery mildew on greenhouse-grown cucurbits either as single products or as a component of integrated control programmes.     

黑杨派南方型无性系高生长与气候条件的斜率关联度分析

用灰色系统理论的斜率关联度分析法，求得影响黑杨派南方型无性系高生长的主要气候因子依次为：降水量、极低温、极高温、蒸发量、日照时数、积温、年均温（或相至湿度）、相以湿度（或年均温）、无霜期。     

中草药饲料添加剂对河西肉牛血液生化指标影响的研究

为了提升河西肉牛产品特别是血液制品的质量及产业效益,利用饲料中添加中草药添加剂的方法对河西肉牛架子牛进行了育肥、屠宰试验。采取低剂量中草药组、高剂量中草药组和对照组肉牛血样,用专门仪器和方法测定了血液中5种血清矿物质离子、7种血清代谢产物及5种血清酶等生化指标的含量。结果表明:高剂量中草药组肉牛血清中的Na、Mg离子及乳酸脱氢酶含量均极显著高于低剂量组和对照组(P<0.01),Cl离子含量极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),其葡萄糖、肌酐、甘油三酯含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),谷丙转氨酶显著低于其他两组肉牛(P<0.05),而谷草转氨酶(AST)却显著高于其他两组肉牛(P<0.05);低剂量组和高剂量组肉牛血清中的高密度脂蛋白极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),碱性磷酸酶极显著低于对照组肉牛(P<0.01),而谷丙/谷酸则显著高于对照组肉牛(P<0.05)。结论:试验配制的中草药饲料添加剂对肉牛血液生化指标有良好的影响,对高剂量组肉牛的影响更为明显;饲喂中草药饲料添加剂的肉牛生长发育、营养状况均显著好于对照组,但高剂量组更优;利用高剂量中草药饲料添加剂饲喂的肉牛,其血液在制造保健用品方面有广阔开发前景。