不同枣粮间作模式物质积累及产量成因分析

在枣粮间作模式下对间作作物的物质积累及产量成因进行对比分析,以玉米品种先育335、高粱品种沈杂5号为试材,分别对其在出苗后45、60、75、90 d和105 d的净光合速率、干物质积累、产量构成因素、株高和茎粗等指标进行了测定与分析。结果表明：在枣粮间作模式下,玉米和高粱分别在ZY4和ZG8模式下粮食产量最高;高粱在各生育时期内的光合速率均高于玉米,在不同生长时期内差异较小,相对玉米可适当密植;在ZY4和ZG8的模式下玉米和高粱干物质积累平均速率高,为高产量的形成奠定物质基础;穗数和粒重受密度影响较大,穗粒数影响较小,ZY4和ZG8模式下枣树、玉米、高粱三者配置模式较好。     

体育舞蹈教学中音乐教育与学生动作表现能力的关系

体育舞蹈是集体操、武术、音乐和动作技能表现能力于一身的一门课程,它在达到提高身体机能、 锻炼身体目的的同时,通过舞蹈元素与形体艺术的结合,在音乐的伴奏下,通过舞的形式诠释“动”的概 念,通过技能教育陶冶了学生的情操,提高了学生的艺术审美能力,促进了学生的全面发展。并学习了如 何展现自身独特的魅力。运用文献分析、教学实验的方法,对参与北方大学公共体育课程体育舞蹈教学的 学生进行了研究。研究的结果上表明：体育舞蹈教学中音乐教育与学生动作表现能力关系十分密切。     

施氮量品种与密度互作对豫西烟叶产量和质量的影响

为探讨豫西烟区最优的栽培措施组合,采用正交试验研究了不同品种、氮用量和密度对烟叶化学品质和经济性状的影响。结果表明：3个因素相比,品种对总糖和还原糖影响最大;施氮量增加使烟叶总氮含量增加;3个因素对中部叶化学成分协调性综合评价得分的影响大小顺序为施氮量＞品种＞密度,获得化学成分最协调的栽培组合为A1B2C2（品种：秦烟96;移栽密度：16 500株·hm^-2;施氮量：67.5 kg·hm^-2）;从产量上 分析,3个因素对产量的影响大小顺序为品种＞施氮量＞密度,要获得产量最高的组合为A3B3C3（品种：豫烟6号;移栽密度：18 000株·hm^-2;施氮量：90.0 kg·hm^-2）;从产值上分析,最好的组合为A1B2C2（品种：秦烟96;移栽密度：16 500株·hm^-2;施氮量：67.5 kg·hm^-2）,其产值、均价和上等烟比例分别为62 770.5元·hm^-2、19.21元·kg^-1和58.6%。综合分析,在豫西烟区前期干旱后期降水分配较均匀且光照充足的条件下,可选择品种秦烟96,种植密度16 500株·hm^-2,氮肥施用量67.5 kg·hm^-2的栽培技术进行推广应用。     

不同刈割期秧草收割物悬浮速度的测定与分析

为了获取秧草收割物的悬浮速度参数,采用DFPF-25型悬浮速度试验装置对结荚期、初花期和分枝期秧草收割物主要成分的悬浮速度进行测定,并采用对比试验分析了叶子和茎秆对悬浮速度的影响。结果表明,3个时期的收割物对应成分的悬浮速度中,结荚期最大,初花期次之,分枝期最小;3个时期的最大悬浮速度依次为4.238、3.736和2.653 m·s-1;同一时期的各成分间的悬浮速度有重叠,表明收割物的飞行系数相近,气流较难将其分离,说明气流分选不可行。对比试验表明,去叶前后秧草收割物的悬浮速度变化率与叶子质量占比的比值为1.225~3.745,说明叶子对收割物的悬浮速度的影响比茎秆对悬浮速度的影响大。该研究结果可为秧草收获机的收集装置和分选装置的设计提供参考和依据。     

港、澳、珠三角旅游互动合作及机制的演化研究

港、澳、珠三角地缘相连、资源互补、文化同源、经济相融、旅游产品丰富,互补发展的优势明显。三地游客互流呈现出互为目的地和中转地的特征。基础推动力、市场驱动力、政府调控力是推动三地互动合作的主要动力因素,其中,基础推动力在三地旅游互动合作发展的整个过程中起到重要的基础作用。起步发展期,政府调控力发挥了重要作用,市场驱动力则相对弱;快速发展期,市场驱动力则成为主要驱动因素;深入发展时期,政府调控力又发挥了不可替代的作用。但三地的旅游互动合作仍存在诸多障碍,继续增强游客互流的便捷性、拓宽合作领域、深化合作内容及优化空间布局是三地旅游互动合作的关键。     

《工程热力学与传热学》课程中水蒸气一章的教学体会

针对学生普遍认为《工程热力学与传热学》课程中水蒸气一章内容抽象难懂、学习效果不理想的状况,根据教学实践,提出了如何激发学生学习欲望、合理安排教学内容、营造良好教学氛围等几点教学体会,旨在为同行提供借鉴和参考,提高《工程热力学与传热学》课程的教学质量。     

Risk factor analysis for sea lice, Caligus rogercresseyi, levels in farmed salmonids in southern Chile

Sea lice, Caligus rogercresseyi, are ectoparasitic copepods, which severely affect the salmon farming industry in southern Chile, reducing the health status of fish and producing both direct and indirect economic losses. Local farmers have reported increasing infestation levels since 2004, reaching a peak in 2007. In response to this situation, the Chilean Fisheries Service (Sernapesca) developed a surveillance programme; the first step of which consisted of a general survey of salmon farms. This survey included documenting counts of parasite burdens on fish and measurements of several husbandry and environmental factors providing an evaluation of risk factors for the observed infestation levels. The information collected was analysed using a linear mixed model technique, which takes into account the clustered structure of data, decomposing the unexplained variation and assigning it to different aggregation levels of the productive system. Geographical zones, fish species, treatment against sea lice performed 1 month before sampling, stocking density, fish weight and water salinity were the variables significantly associated with sea lice burdens. In contrast, treatments performed 2-3 months before sampling, use of photoperiod in sea cages and water temperature, were not significant. There was significant unexplained variation at all aggregation levels, i.e. sub-zone, fish farm and cage level, with the fish farm level showing the greatest variation.     

Wood chips and wheat straw as alternative biofilter media for denitrification reactors treating aquaculture and other wastewaters with high nitrate concentrations

This study evaluated wood chips and wheat straw as inexpensive and readily available alternatives to more expensive plastic media for denitrification processes in treating aquaculture wastewaters or other high nitrate waters. Nine 3.8-L laboratory scale reactors (40 cm packed height × 10 cm diameter) were used to compare the performance of wood chips, wheat straw, and Kaldnes plastic media in the removal of nitrate from synthetic aquaculture wastewater. These upflow bioreactors were loaded at a constant flow rate and three influent NO₃–N concentrations of 50, 120, and 200 mg/L each for at least 4 weeks, in sequence. These experiments showed that both wood chips and wheat straw produced comparable denitrification rates to the Kaldnes plastic media. As much as 99% of nitrate was removed from the wastewater of 200 mg NO₃–N/L influent concentration. Pseudo-steady state denitrification rates for 200 mg NO₃–N/L influent concentrations averaged (1360 ± 40) g N/(m³ d) for wood chips, (1360 ± 80) g N/(m³ d) for wheat straw, and (1330 ± 70) g N/(m³ d) for Kaldnes media. These values were not the maximum potential of the reactors as nitrate profiles up through the reactors indicated that nitrate reductions in the lower half of the reactors were more than double the averages for the whole reactor. COD consumption per unit of NO₃–N removed was highest with the Kaldnes media (3.41–3.95) compared to wood chips (3.34–3.64) and wheat straw (3.26–3.46). Effluent ammonia concentrations were near zero while nitrites were around 2.0 mg NO₂–N/L for all reactor types and loading rates. During the denitrification process, alkalinity and pH increased while the oxidation–reduction potential decreased with nitrate removal.

Wood chips and wheat straw lost 16.2% and 37.7% of their masses, respectively, during the 140-day experiment. There were signs of physical degradation that included discoloration and structural transformation. The carbon to nitrogen ratio of the media also decreased. Both wood chips and wheat straw can be used as filter media for biological denitrification, but time limitations for the life of both materials must be considered.     

多对象特征提取和优化神经网络的玉米种子品种识别

为了实现机器视觉代替人的视觉,对玉米种子品种进行实时、客观、准确和无损伤识别,研制了玉米品种识别硬件系统和软件系统。针对玉米种子及种子图像的特点,对玉米种子品种识别技术与算法进行了深入地研究和探索,提出了一种基于多对象有效特征提取和主成分分析优化神经网络的玉米种子品种识别方法,提取了玉米种子的几何特征和颜色特征参数,优化了基于机器视觉的玉米种子图像处理策略和品种识别算法,提高了玉米品种识别的速度和准确率。对农大108、鲁单981、郑单958、五岳18共4个品种玉米种子进行了品种识别试验,每粒种子识别的平均耗时为 0.127 s,综合识别率达到97%以上。研究表明,基于机器视觉的玉米种子品种识别与检测方法是可行的,该方法可提高玉米种子品种识别效率和正确率。     

苏云金芽胞杆菌Bt9875杀虫晶体蛋白可诱导Caspase和Bcl-2家族参与调控HL-60细胞凋亡

研究Caspase家族与Bcl-2家族参与调控苏云金芽胞杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis,Bt)Bt9875杀虫晶体蛋白对人急性髓细胞性白血病细胞HL-60的影响.本实验采用MTT法检测了杀虫晶体蛋白诱导HL-60细胞凋亡后的Caspase家族的活性和Caspase凋亡酶抑制剂对杀虫晶体蛋白诱导HL-60细胞凋亡的影响;采用Western blot检测了杀虫晶体蛋白诱导多聚ADP-核糖聚合酶(PARP)降解、Bcl-2/Bax调控和细胞色素C的释放.研究结果表明,杀虫晶体蛋白作用HL-60细胞后,激活了Caspase-3、Caspase-8和Caspase-9,在48 h内Caspase家族抑制剂(Z-VAD-FMK)、Caspase-3抑制剂(z-DEVD-FMK)和Caspase-9抑制剂(Z-LEHD-FMK)均可显著抑制杀虫晶体蛋白诱导的细胞凋亡;杀虫晶体蛋白可明显上调促凋亡蛋白Bax的表达,同时下调抗凋亡蛋白BCl-2的表达,并观察到胞浆中细胞色素C的释放.初步证明了Bt9875杀虫晶体蛋白诱导的HL-60细胞凋亡是由Caspase家族和Bcl-2家族共同调控的,线粒体途径在诱导细胞凋亡过程中起着重要作用.