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排序方式: 共有334条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Cristiano G. Pereira Alexandre L.N. Silva Patrícia de Castilhos Eneida C. Mastrantonio Richard A. Souza Raquel P. Romo Renata J. Rezende Janethe D.O. Pena Marcelo E. Beletti Maria A. Souza 《Veterinary parasitology》2009,165(3-4):231-240
The aim of this study was to evaluate the histopathological features in tissues of mice infected by human isolates (I, II, and III) or the reference M2903 strain of Leishmania braziliensis complex. BALB/c and C57Bl/6 mice were infected in the hind footpad with 106 stationary-phase promastigotes of L. braziliensis complex. The evolution of lesions was observed for 10 weeks and the animals were then euthanized and liver, spleen and popliteal lymph nodes were collected. Tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and analyzed by immunohistochemistry assay. Increased thickness of infected footpads was observed in all animals, lesions were nodular and non-ulcerated. Mice infected with isolate I presented inflammatory infiltrates consisting predominantly of mononuclear cells in all tissues examined, and also a great number of megakaryocytes, compared with other isolates. Infection with isolate II led to an infected footpad enlargement not seen in other isolates. In addition, mononuclear infiltrates in the liver and hemosiderin in spleen were noted. Conversely, mice infected with either isolate III or M2903 strain only showed an increased number of megakaryocytes in spleen. All tissues examined had detectable amastigote forms of Leishmania by immunohistochemistry in all groups. Taking together, our results showed an unforeseen behavior of different isolates of L. braziliensis complex that led to diverse pathological findings. 相似文献
32.
Richard W. Gerhold Michael J. Yabsley John R. Fischer 《Veterinary parasitology》2009,160(3-4):221-224
The hemolytic activity of 22 Trichomonas gallinae isolates was investigated using an 18 h erythrocyte hemolysis assay which has been shown to correlate with the clinical virulence of T. vaginalis. Absorbance of the assay supernatants was measured at 540 nm and expressed as percentage of complete hemolysis. Mean hemolytic activity of the T. gallinae isolates ranged from 3.5% to 53.4% and did not correspond with clinical virulence. The results of this investigation suggest hemolytic activity is not a useful in vitro virulence assay for T. gallinae. 相似文献
33.
Nahuel Fittipaldi Troy E. Fuller Janet F. Teel Thomas L. Wilson Thaddeus J. Wolfram David E. Lowery Marcelo Gottschalk 《Veterinary microbiology》2009,139(3-4):310-317
Streptococcus suis is an important swine pathogen and a zoonotic agent. Differences in virulence have been noted among the 33 described serotypes, serotype 2 being considered the most virulent. In this study, we aimed at assessing the serotype distribution and the production of virulence-associated markers by strains recovered from diseased pigs in the United States (U.S.). Results showed that among the 100 strains evaluated, serotype 3 (20% of the isolates) and serotype 2 (17%) were the most prevalent. We then investigated the presence in these isolates of the genes sly, epf and mrp, encoding the virulence-associated markers suilysin (SLY), extracellular factor (EF) and muramidase-released (MRP) protein, respectively. The effective production of the markers by the strains was also verified. Results showed that the presence of the gene did not always correlate with actual expression of the respective protein. In the case of MRP, this was due, in most cases, to frameshift mutations at the 5′ end of the gene resulting in premature stop codons. The most prevalent phenotypes among U.S. strains were MRP+EF−SLY− (40%) and MRP−EF−SLY+ (35%). Serotype distribution greatly differed from that reported in several European countries, as did the production of virulence markers, particularly for serotype 2. On the other hand, our results for the U.S. S. suis isolates are similar to those reported for Canadian strains, suggesting a common status in North America. 相似文献
34.
Wragg P La Ragione RM Best A Reichel R Anjum MF Mafura M Woodward MJ 《Research in veterinary science》2009,86(1):27-35
Escherichia fergusonii has been associated with a wide variety of intestinal and extra-intestinal infections in both humans and animals but, despite strong circumstantial evidence, the degree to which the organism is responsible for the pathologies identified remains uncertain. Thirty isolates of E. fergusonii collected between 2003 and 2004 were screened using an Escherichia coli virulence gene array to test for the presence of homologous virulence genes in E. fergusonii. The iss (increased serum survival) gene was present in 13/30 (43%) of the test strains and the prfB (P-related fimbriae regulatory) and ireA (siderophore receptor IreA) genes were also detected jointly in 3/30 (10%) strains. No known virulence genes were detected in 14/30 (47%) of strains. Following confirmatory PCR and sequence analysis, the E. fergusoniiprfB, iss and ireA genes shared a high degree of sequence similarity to their counterparts in E. coli, and a particular resemblance was noted with the E. coli strain APEC O1 pathogenicity island. In tissue culture adherence assays, nine E. fergusonii isolates associated with HEp-2 cells with a ‘localised adherence’ or ‘diffuse adherence’ phenotype, and they proved to be moderately invasive. The E. fergusonii isolates in this study possess both some phenotypic and genotypic features linked to known pathotypes of E. coli, and support existing evidence that strains of E. fergusonii may act as an opportunistic pathogens, although their specific virulence factors may need to be explored. 相似文献
35.
The potential of the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema feltiae (Filipjev) (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) Rioja strain was assessed under laboratory conditions. Last instar larvae of Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (Coleptera: Chrysomelidae), Spodoptera littoralis Boisdouval (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Trichoplusia ni Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) were exposed to infective juveniles (IJs) under laboratory conditions. Larval mortality,
days to larval death, infection cycle length, and reproductive potential were recorded. Efficacy was assessed performing dose–response
experiments. The results indicate that control of L. decemlineata with S. feltiae Rioja strain is not economically profitable (LC50 = 99.61 IJs/cm2), whereas results obtained for T. ni (LC50 = 0.27 IJs/cm2) are promising. Due to the life cycle of this insect, the efficacy needs to be investigated in foliar application studies.
The effects on S. littoralis (LC50 = 0.69 IJs/cm2) was considered the most suitable for development of the Rioja strain as a biocontrol agent for soil application. 相似文献
36.
6种杀菌剂对香蕉采后炭疽病防治效果研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
[目的]测定6种杀菌剂对香蕉炭疽菌的抑制率和防治效果。[方法]采用菌丝生长速率测定法,测定6种杀菌剂对香蕉炭疽菌的平板抑制率;同时配制终浓度为5、10、50、100、200mg/L施保功进行药效试验。[结果]在PSA平板中,施保克、施保功对香蕉炭疽菌的抑制效果最好,抑制率可达到100%,好生灵的抑制效果最差。施保功浓度梯度防治效果检验中,施保功浓度为200mg/L时,防治效果就可达到100%。[结论]施保功对香蕉炭疽病的防治效果最好,且使用浓度为100-200mg/L。 相似文献
37.
Nadia Korolev Encarnación Pérez-Artés Jesús Mercado-Blanco José Bejarano-Alcázar Dolores Rodríguez-Jurado Rafael M. Jiménez-Díaz Talma Katan Jaacov Katan 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2008,122(4):603-617
Verticillium dahliae isolates recovered from a new focus of severe Verticillium wilt of cotton in the northeast of Israel were tested for vegetative
compatibility using nitrate non-utilizing (nit) mutants and identified as VCG1, which is a new record in Israel. Other cotton isolates of V. dahliae from the northern and southern parts of the country were assigned to VCG2B and VCG4B, respectively. VCG1 isolates induced
severe leaf symptoms, stunting and defoliation of cotton cv. Acala SJ-2, and thus were characterized as the cotton-defoliating
(D) pathotype, whereas isolates of VCG2B and VCG4B were confirmed as the earlier described defoliating-like (DL) and non-defoliating
(ND) pathotypes, respectively. This is the first record of the D-pathotype in Israel. The host range of representative isolates
of each VCG-associated pathotype was investigated using a number of cultivated plants. Overall, the D isolates were more virulent
than DL isolates on all tested host plants, but the order of hosts (from highly susceptible to resistant) was the same: okra
(Hibiscus esculentus local cultivar), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum cv. Acala SJ2), watermelon (Citrullus lanatus cv. Crimson Sweet), safflower (Carthamus tinctorius cv. PI 251264), sunflower (Helianthus annuum cv. 2053), eggplant (Solanum melongena cv. Black Beauty), and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Rehovot 13). The pattern of virulence of ND isolates differed from that of D and DL isolates, so that the former were
highly virulent on eggplant but mildly virulent on cotton. Tomato was resistant to all cotton V. dahliae isolates tested. RAPD and specific PCR assays confirmed that the D isolates from Israel were similar to those originating
from other countries. 相似文献
38.
Tesfaye T. Tesso Newton Ochanda Christopher R. Little Larry Claflin Mitchell R. Tuinstra 《Field Crops Research》2010
Fusarium spp. is among the largest and most important pathogen groups that attack major grain crops including sorghum. The objectives of this study were to compare the virulence of Fusarium spp. associated with sorghum and examine the mode of resistance of genotypes to the disease. Eight Fusarium species – F. verticillioides, F. thapsinum, F. andiyazi, F. proliferatum, F. nyagamai, F. pseudoanthophilum, F. brevicatenulatum, and F. pseudonygamai – were studied using three sorghum genotypes under greenhouse condition. Three of these pathogens (F. verticillioides, F. thapsinum, and F. andiyazi) were selected for genetic analysis of resistance under field conditions. Sorghum genotypes with contrasting stalk rot reactions were selected for use in both the greenhouse and field experiments. Two weeks after flowering, plants were inoculated with liquid inoculum culture (5 × 104 conidia ml−1) of the different pathogens. Plants were harvested 4 weeks after inoculation and rated for disease severity on the basis of lesion length and number of nodes crossed by the lesion. Among the pathogens, F. thapsinum resulted in consistently higher disease scores in all genotypes under all environments. Likewise, genotype SC599 showed the greatest and most stable resistance as inbred as well as in hybrid combinations as shown by consistently high GCA for resistance to all pathogen species. We recommend that future screening exercises for Fusarium stalk rot resistance utilize F. thapsinum as the causal organism and include the resistant genotype SC599 as a control. 相似文献
39.
40.
[目的]测定一株鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒基因组序列及其分子特征。[方法]分离出一株具有特殊分子特征的鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)超强毒株(vvIBDV)HLJ-0504,并对其基因组进行了克隆和测序。[结果]序列分析显示,HLJ-0504的基因组A节段属于超强毒株,而其B节段则来源于另外一个独特的祖先。动物实验表明,HLJ-0504对SPF雏鸡的致病率和致死率分别为100%和86.7%。[结论]具有独特基因组B节段的vvIBDV仍在我国流行,我国IBDV的进化特征存在多样性。IBDV的毒力不是由基因组的A或B单独决定的。 相似文献