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81.
M. A. G. Dela Paz P. H. Goodwin A. K. Raymundo E. Y. Ardales C. M. Vera Cruz 《Plant pathology》2006,55(6):756-765
One taxonomic characteristic of Bipolaris species is the bipolar germination of conidia, but conidia of Bipolaris oryzae , the causal pathogen of brown spot in rice, are regularly observed to show intercalary germination, a characteristic of Drechslera species. The effect of selection, culture media and culture age on type of conidial germination was determined for three brown spot isolates from Cavinti, San Pablo and Palawan in the Philippines, obtained from infected leaves showing typical disease symptoms. Based on the analyses of their ITS1, ITS2 and 5·8S rDNA nucleotide sequences, the local isolates were clearly identified as B. oryzae . Selection for colonies of the three isolates derived from single conidia with either bipolar or intercalary germination had no effect on the number of spores showing bipolar germination in subsequent cultures. Germination on seven different culture media was tested; of these, rabbit food agar and water agar increased the percentage of bipolar germination of conidia, although this varied between isolates. Incubation of the cultures of all three isolates for longer periods prior to harvesting conidia increased the percentage of bipolar-germinating conidia from c . 40 to c . 90% with 5-day-old and 30-day-old cultures, respectively. 相似文献
82.
Chanda Kushwaha Ramesh Chand Chandra Prakash Srivastava 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2006,115(3):323-330
Aeciospores in Uromyces fabae were found to be repeating spores and play an important role in pea rust outbreaks in the North Eastern Plain Zone (NEPZ) of India. Experiments conducted on pea rust from 2001 to 2004 revealed the dominance of aeciospores at all growth stages of pea in this region. Urediospore production was erratic and was only observed in a few samples of stems and tendrils (5–10%). Inoculation of pea plants either by aeciospores or urediospores resulted in the production of aeciospores. Production of aeciospores was observed at a temperature range of 10–25 °C, with a maximum at 25 ± 2 °C. Among the different growth stages of pea, the pod formation stage was highly susceptible and produced the maximum number (744) of aecidia/leaf at 20–25 °C. Significant effects of growth stages and temperature were also noticed for pustule number. Urediospore production mainly coincided with the senescence of the pea plants. Maximum germination (2%) of aeciospores was observed at 25 °C, whereas maximum urediospore germination (3.5%) was at 15 °C. Temperatures > 15 °C decreased urediospore germination. A relative humidity (RH) of 100% was favourable for aeciospore germination while 98% RH favoured urediospore germination. Typical histo-pathological behaviour of the aeciospores was observed. 相似文献
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Due to the protogynous dichogamy of cherimoya and to the absence of proper pollinating vectors, hand-pollination with fresh pollen is a common practice for cherimoya commercial production. In order to optimize the process of hand-pollination, in this work we have studied the conservation of cherimoya pollen at −20, −80 and −196 °C for up to 3 months. In vitro pollen germination of fresh pollen was 57.1% and it was progressively reduced with conservation time at the three temperatures studied reaching a minimum after 3 months of storage of 10.4%, 14.2% and 13.6% at −20, −80 and −196 °C, respectively. Differences in germination among temperatures were only significant during the first 2 weeks of storage. Field pollinations with pollen stored for up to 3 months at the three temperatures show no yield differences compared to pollinations performed with fresh pollen. The results indicate that pollen collected and stored at sub-zero temperatures at the beginning of the cherimoya blooming season can be used along the whole blooming season avoiding the need of collecting fresh pollen daily. 相似文献
85.
为探明自花、异花花粉在果梅花的不同发育阶段原位萌发及生长的特性,以细叶青果梅为材料,取开花前6、4、2d、开花当天和花后2d的花(花蕾),分别于自花、异花授粉(莺宿)后12、24、48、72、96h切取花柱,用FAA固定液处理,荧光染色后压片观察。结果表明,自花花粉在柱头上的萌发率略低于异花(开花前4d存在显著差异),开花前6、4d极显著低于其他各阶段,花蕾越幼小花粉萌发越差,开花当天花粉萌发率超过80%;开花前4d之前的花柱内异花花粉管数量显著低于开花前2d及之后各期的,果梅开花前4d以前的花发育不充分;开花后2d生长到花柱基部的异花花粉管数量较多,属于有效授粉期。果梅在开花前4d开始具备抑制自花花粉管生长的能力,并且随着花的发育逐渐增强,开花当天最强,开花后开始减弱。果梅自交授粉期以开花前2~3d为宜。 相似文献
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89.
不同钠盐胁迫对高冰草种子萌发的影响 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
通过对高冰草种子在不同钠盐(NaCl、NaHCO3、Na2CO3)溶液中萌发情况的研究,旨在探明高冰草种子在不同盐胁迫下的萌发特性。结果表明:碱性盐(NaHCO3、Na2CO3)胁迫较中性盐(NaCl)胁迫显著降低了高冰草的发芽率。高冰草种子在NaCl浓度150mmol/L、NaHCO3浓度100mmol/L和Na2CO3浓度50mmol/L时萌发受到明显抑制。不同钠盐胁迫下高冰草种子胚根和胚芽的受抑制大小顺序为,中性盐NaCl胁迫:胚根<胚芽;碱性盐NaHCO3和Na2CO3胁迫:胚根>胚芽。 相似文献
90.
Seed germination and respiratory metabolism under aerobic and anaerobic conditions were studied in the flooding-tolerant and flooding-susceptible varieties of Echinochloa crus-galli with an identical genome and common ancestry . In the flooding-tolerant E. crus-galli var. formosensis , the seeds imbibed under nitrogen could germinate and exhibited an I/N quotient > 0.6. They accelerated glycolysis and concomitantly produced large and equimolar quantities of carbon dioxide and ethanol, suggesting that the seeds of this variety showed operation of the Pasteur effect and respired through alcohol fermentation under anaerobic conditions. The seeds excreted most of the toxic fermentation product. In contrast, the seeds of the flooding-susceptible E. crus-galli var. praticola were capable of germinating only under aerobic conditions through the conventional aerobic respiration and were unable to anaerobically respire to germinate through alcohol fermentation regardless of the presence of both sufficient alcohol dehydrogenase activity and a high redox charge of the pyridine nucleotides. 相似文献