Administration of exogenous hormones in ovulatory and embryonic response in Pelibuey sheep

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of two sources of commercial porcine pituitary‐derived follicle‐stimulating hormone (pFSH) and pFSH—porcine Luteinizing Hormone (pLH), including equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG), in ovulatory and embryonic response in Pelibuey sheep. Twenty‐four Pelibuey sheep were used and were assigned randomly to four treatments (n = 6): (T1; 200 mg pFSH‐Folltropin^®); (T2; 200 mg pFSH + 300 UI eCG‐Folligon^®); (T3; 250 UI pFSH/pLH‐Pluset^®) and (T4; 250 UI pFSH/pLH + 300 UI eCG). The interval of hours from withdrawal of the device to the beginning of oestrus (BO) was lower (p < .05) in sheep treated with eCG (T2 = 8.0 ± 1.4 and T4 = 10.0 ± 2.8) than in those without eCG (T1 = 12.6 ± 0.6 and T3 = 20.6 ± 2.4). The ovulatory rate (OR) was higher (p < .05) in T1 = 15.5 ± 2.8 and T2 = 15.6 ± 1.4, compared to T3 = 8.1 ± 3.2 and T4 = 11.8 ± 2.8; a significant difference was not shown between them (T1 vs. T2 and T3 vs. T4) when including eCG. The number of non‐fertilized oocytes (NFO) was lower (p ? .05) in T1 = 0.8 ± 0.4 and T3 = 1.8 ± 1.8, compared to those that included eCG (T2 = 6.3 ± 2.4 and T4 = 2.1 ± 1.2). The number of transferable embryos (TE) was higher (p < .05) when FSH was applied (T1 = 5.8 ± 1.1), compared with (T2 = 2.6 ± 1.1, T3 = 2.3 ± 1.4 and T4 = 2.8 ± 1.5). The commercial treatments (pFSH or pFSH‐pLH) in combination with eCG did not improve OR, NFO and TE. However, the exclusive pFSH (Folltropin) treatment presented a higher OR, lower number of NFO and higher number of TE.     

云南松抚育间伐材物理力学性质的初步研究

对云南松抚育间伐材的物理力学性质进行测试,并与云南松成熟材物理力学性质进行比较,结果是：在人工混交林中抚育间伐材材性较成熟材均有所下降,但其抗弯强度、抗弯弹性模量、顺纹抗压强度３项主要力学性质及冲击韧性、硬度等下降幅度大小,对云南松抚育间伐材可大量利用。     

牛磺酸和颗粒细胞对牛胚胎体外发育的影响

用改良ＣＲ２培养液探讨了牛磺酸（５０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ,１００μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）和颗粒细胞对牛卵母细胞体外受精后的分裂率、囊胚率和囊胚细胞数的影响。试验一中,在培养液中添加牛磺酸（５０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ,１００μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）对牛受精卵的分裂率、囊胚率和囊胚细胞数均无显著影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）。试验二中,添加颗粒细胞对牛受精卵的分裂率无显著影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）,但促进了牛早期胚胎的囊胚率和囊胚细胞数（Ｐ＜０．０１）;牛磺酸对牛受精卵的分裂率、囊胚率和囊胚细胞数均无明显影响。结果表明：在培养液中添加颗粒细胞可以促进牛早期胚胎体外发育的能力;在本试验条件下牛磺酸不能提高牛早期胚胎的体外发育能力。     

Embryonic development of Ganga river prawn Macrobrachium gangeticum (Bate)

Macrobrachium gangeticum (Bate) are commercially valuable prawns that are broadly distributed in the Ganga river that flows from northern to eastern India. We studied embryonic development from cleavage (blastomeres), segmentation, formation of optic vesicle, eye pigment development to larva formation, as these data are largely unknown in this species. We conducted this study using mature M. gangeticum broodstock placed in freshwater tanks. Just after spawning, females were kept in separate aerated tanks, where fecundity was estimated from the total number of eggs. Thereafter, egg samples from berried females were used to study their embryonic stages. The correlation coefficient between size and prawn weight, egg weight, egg number, body weight and egg mass of different sizes of prawns was analysed. Our results show that an increase in prawn size led to an increase in egg weight and egg number while decreases in body weight:egg mass ratio was noticed. Further results indicate that an increase in prawn weight had a positive impact on egg weight and egg number. The embryo development stages were used in this study as a tool to evaluate the development process of the prawn in a hatchery environment.     

晋谷21号幼穗组培研究

晋谷21号幼穗从诱导愈伤组织到分化成苗需要两步完成,再生率达60％－80％。诱导愈伤组织培养基A1和A8较好,分化培养基B1与B2较好。A1上的愈伤组织在B2上的分化率比B1高15％,A3上的愈伤组织在B1上的分化率比B2约高20％。长根培养基用C2优于C1,C2上的苗移栽成活率比C1高10％－20％。愈伤组织随着继代次数增加,分化再生率逐渐降低。     

泥鳅胚胎玻璃化液超低温冷冻保存研究

泥鳅胚胎（胚孔封闭期）用10＃玻璃化液作为低温保护剂，经低温（－196℃）冷冻保存17h后，38℃水浴解冻，解冻后的胚胎获得了成活。在稀释液B1、B2、B3中分别有26．7％，15．0％，3．0％成活的胚胎。解冻后的胚孔封闭期胚胎经过50h的培养，胚胎从胚孔封闭期发育至尾鳍出现期。     

基因枪转化小麦不同受体的研究

用基因枪进行ｇｕｓ基因转化,研究了小麦幼惠,幼胚愈伤组织不同诱导培养时间的转化效果。结果表明,幼穗以诱导培养１６ｄ的转化效益最佳,幼胚以诱导培养１５ｄ的转化效果最好,比较幼穗和胚的组织培养结果发现,幼穗较幼胚更继代和形成再生植株。     

农杆菌介导谷子成熟胚遗传转化体系的建立与优化

为建立一个稳定的谷子遗传转化体系,对216份谷子种质资源进行筛选,确定材料178成熟胚为受体材料,从植物激素浓度、防褐化剂、农杆菌菌液浓度、侵染时间、乙酰丁香酮（AS）浓度等方面对谷子再生及转化体系进行优化。结果表明,在MS培养基中加入生长素2,4-D 9μmol/L、细胞分裂素Kinetin 4μmol/L、硝酸银8mg/L,愈伤组织诱导率最高且能有效防止褐化。在侵染液和共培养基中加入100μmol/L AS,gus表达效果最好。农杆菌溶液OD₆₀₀为0.3~0.5,侵染15min,共培养3d时,抗性愈伤组织率最高。获得的转基因植株,经PCR检测及gus染色分析,确定外源bar基因已成功整合到谷子基因组中。初步建立了一套谷子遗传转化体系,为今后谷子遗传转化提供一些参考。     

Estimating number of spawning white sturgeon adults from embryo relatedness

The goal for using genetic information derived from embryo samples is to gain insight into the reproductive biology of adult white sturgeon, Acipenser transmontanus Richardson. The relationship between egg development stages on the extraction of quality DNA was determined, and subsequent genotype data were used to infer contributing spawner numbers. White sturgeon DNA was present in extractions from all stages; however, pre‐gastrulation stage embryos generally failed to amplify sufficient genetic loci for analysis. Using experimentally created families, multivariate ANOVA and maximum‐likelihood sibship methods estimated the presence of 10 contributing parents from 11 actual adult spawners. It was observed that unidentified half‐sibling relationships (offspring sharing one parent) caused error for inferring parent numbers. Genetic methods estimated 13–40 parents potentially contributed to a collection of wild‐caught embryos, with variable numbers of parents inferred from separate spawning events (varying from 8 to 24). Egg source material provides a means to enhance the accuracy of annual spawning population size estimates, which is important for informing habitat restoration, harvest and water management decisions and recovery planning.     

日本落叶松体细胞胚胎发生的研究

日本落叶松日永 10、日永 6 9和日草 34三个优株 ,将其未成熟种子和成熟种子的胚及成熟种子萌发的胚根、胚轴和绿色愈伤组织 5种外植体进行体细胞胚胎发生的试验 ,其中只有未成熟胚诱导出胚性愈伤组织 ,筛选出1)胚性愈伤组织诱导培养基 :S培养基 6_BA 0 5mg·L- 1 KT 0 5mg·L- 1 2 ,4_D 1 0mg·L- 1 ;2 )胚性愈伤组织保持与增殖培养基 :S培养基 6_BA 0 2 5mg·L- 1 KT 0 2 5mg·L- 1 2 ,4_D 0 1mg·L- 1 ;3)成熟体细胞胚诱导培养基 :S培养基 ABA 15mg·L- 1 PEG4 0 0 0 10 0g·L- 1 。以上 3种培养基均需附加蔗糖 30g·L- 1 ,谷氨酰胺 4 5 0mg·L- 1 ,水解酪蛋白 5 0 0mg·L- 1 ,凝胶 (Sigma#) 3g·L- 1 ,pH5 8。 4 )体细胞胚萌发培养基 :S培养基 ,不加任何激素 ,附加蔗糖 2 5g·L- 1 ,凝胶 (Sigma#) 3g·L- 1 ,pH5 8。