绒山羊KAP13-1基因在毛囊中的表达

绒山羊绒毛的主要结构蛋白是角蛋白和角蛋白关联蛋白(KAP).对绒山羊13-1的序列分析可知,其与人、鼠的KAP13家族cDNA同源性较高,但氨基酸序列同源性较低,而且丝氨酸含量高,半胱氨酸及甘氨酸/酪氨酸的含量远低于其他品种,分类上属于高硫KAP家族;绒山羊兴盛期毛囊KAP13-1的mRNA原位杂交也显示,KAP13-1只在毛母质上部和皮质层起始部分表达,且表达强烈.     

Effects of pheromone loading, dispenser age, and trap height on pheromone trap catches of the oriental fruit moth in apple orchards

The effects of field aging (0–28 days) and pheromone loading rate on the longevity of red rubber septa loaded with the sex pheromone blend of the oriental fruit mothGrapholita molesta (Busck), were evaluated in North Carolina apple orchards in 2002. Separate field tests examined the influence of trap height and pheromone loading rate of rubber septa on trap catches of adultG. molesta males in an abandoned orchard. The loss of the major pheromone component, (Z)-8-dodecenyl acetate (Z8–12:OAc), from red rubber septa over a 4-week period exhibited a relatively constant release rate with 30, 100 and 300 μg pheromone. Trap catch was significantly higher in pheromone traps placed in the upper canopy than in those in the lower canopy. Pheromone traps baited with 100μg lures caught more moths compared with those loaded with 300 μg. There was no apparent relationship between pheromone trap catch and septa age, with trap catch appearing to be primarily a function ofG. molesta population density. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting May 14, 2006.     

苹果新种质B96-1的选育及其抗性评价初报

苹果新种质B96-1是我们于1996年以金冠作母本、富士花药培养纯系富85-1作父本杂交育成。果实圆柱形,平均单果重200.0g,果皮黄绿色,阳面带红晕,无果锈;果肉黄白色,肉质松脆,汁液多,风味酸甜适度,品质上等;可溶性固形物含量14.60%,果肉硬度7.03kg/cm2;果实贮至翌年3—4月,不皱皮;抗寒、高抗苹果早期落叶病和苹果果实轮纹病。     

Use of β-Glucanases and β-1,4-Xylanases to Supplement Diets Containing Alfalfa and Rye for Laying Hens: Effects on Bird Performance and Egg Quality

It is well established that the use of alfalfa in diets for monogastric animals is limited by its high fiber content. However, alfalfa is a natural source of xanthophylls and gives poultry products a desirably yellow color. In addition, alfalfa saponins may contribute to reduce the levels of cholesterol in the meat and egg yolk. We have investigated the potential utilization of β-glucanases and β-1,4-xylanases for enhancing the nutritive value of alfalfa for laying hens. An experiment was conducted with 864 ISA Brown layer hens from 40 to 52 wk of age and fed on diets containing rye (19.6%) or rye and alfalfa (15.1%). The results suggested that inclusion of alfalfa in the diets reduced body weights and total egg mass (P < 0.01). Dietary supplementation with polysaccharidases was unable to significantly improve the performance of laying hens. However, egg yolks from birds that consumed diets containing alfalfa were more deeply pigmented, presenting an increase in yellowness (b*). In contrast, at the percentage of incorporation tested, inclusion of alfalfa in the diets was unable to lower the levels of cholesterol content in the egg yolk. Taken together the results suggest that exogenous plant cell wall hydrolases are not effective for improving the nutritive value of alfalfa-containing diets for laying hens, although inclusion of small percentages of the dehydrated leguminous meal may directly affect the quality of the generated poultry products.     

不同品种厚皮甜瓜果实成熟过程中挥发性物质成分分析

采用固相微萃取(SPME)与气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用的方法,对品质差异较大的山农黄金1号、Sweet delight(美国)和Takami(日本)厚皮甜瓜果实成熟过程中挥发性物质进行分析鉴定。结果表明,不同品种厚皮甜瓜果实成熟过程中挥发性物质组成和相对含量不同。山农黄金1号、Sweet delight和Takami果实成熟过程中共分离出156种挥发性物质,主要为酯类、醛类和醇类等化合物。山农黄金1号甜瓜果实未成熟时挥发性物质以醛类物质为主;随着果实的发育,近成熟时醇类、醛类物质含量急剧降低,酯类物质含量迅速升高;果实成熟时挥发性物质以酯类物质为主。Sweet delight果实未成熟时挥发性物质以醛类、醇类物质为主;随着果实的发育,醇类物质含量逐渐降低,醛类、酯类物质含量逐渐升高;果实成熟时挥发性物质以醛类物质为主。Takami果实未成熟时挥发性物质以醇类、醛类物质为主;果实成熟时挥发性物质以酯类、醛类物质为主。     

海南坡鹿迁地保护现状与建议

迁地保护的海南坡鹿种群可以分为野放、半野放和圈养等3种主要类型。野放种群个体数量最多，约占迁地保护种群个体总数的55．3％；其次为半野放种群，其个体数量占35．6％；圈养种群个体数量最少，只占9．1％。半野放是一种较为稳妥的坡鹿种群恢复方式。在海南坡鹿的迁地保护中，应该增加半野放种群个体数量。本文就海南坡鹿的迁地保护提出了7点保护管理及科学研究建议。     

陶赛特羊和小尾寒羊在青海湟源地区的生态适应性分析

为评定引入青海省湟源县良种肉羊繁育基地的陶赛特羊和小尾寒羊两个绵羊品种的生态适应性,对其18个生理生化指标进行了系统测定分析,结果表明：①引入的陶赛特羊和小尾寒羊两个绵羊品种大多数生理生化指标在品种内或不同品种间的不同性别、不同年龄个体间以及同性别、同年龄个体间差异不显著（P〉0.05）。②两绵羊品种所测血浆CO2结合力远超出本地藏绵羊水平;体温（T）、呼吸频率（R）、脉搏（P）和瘤胃蠕动频率以及白细胞数（WBC）、红细胞数（RBC）、血红蛋白含量（HGB）的测定结果均大致在本地藏绵羊的各生理指标测定范围之内。③与已引入青海牧区的小尾寒羊大多数生理生化指标相比,本次引进的小尾寒羊在经过一段时间的适应性饲养后,其大多数生理生化指标已与其基本接近或一致;同时,引入的陶赛特羊和小尾寒羊与原产地相应品种在基础生理指标上相比较接近。     

热休克蛋白70的研究进展

热休克蛋白（HSP）是生物细胞在受热、生物应激、理化因素等应激原刺激后所产生的一类在生物进化中最保守的蛋白，其中HSP70是最受关注、研究最为深入的一种。随着研究的深入，在生物学的功能不断被发现的同时，HSP70的应用前景也变得越来越广泛。     

粉碎粒度对粗蛋白测定结果的影响

将同一饲料样品按4分法缩分为3份，1份按GB／T6432-94制备样品，另2份过20目和40目筛片粉碎制备样品，按姜懋武提出的改进方法测定粗蛋白（CP），研究样品的粉碎粒度对CP测定结果的影响。结果表明，不同粉碎粒度制备样品测定的CP结果，不同饲料样品间没有表现出相同的规律。在测定的11个样品中，只有3个样品（仔猪前期颗粒料、生长育肥猪浓缩料和肉用仔鸡后期颗粒料）的CP测定值不受粉碎粒度变化的影响（P〉0．05），其他8个样品的CP测定值均受饲料粉碎粒度的影响（P〈0．05或P〈0．01），但不同品种间表现的规律不尽相同。玉米、小麦和大豆等籽实类饲料原料，除玉米20目和40目间无显著差异外，其余不同粉碎粒度间均表现出差异极显著。饼粕类饲料原料中，豆粕与棉粕60目组极显著高于20目和40目组，20目和40目组间差异不显著；花生粕与菜粕20目组显著高于40目和60目组。肉用仔鸡后期浓缩料40目和60目极显著高于20目，40目和60目间差异不显著。