日本胴体产肉率方程对我国牛胴体评价的适用性研究

用ＳＡＳ软件对１５２头商品牛的屠宰数据进行统计分析。通过产肉率方程的估测值与实测值的相关及回归分析，初步认为，日本方程对我国晋南牛胴体产率具有一定的预测作用，预测准确率为６６．７８％，但高估了约１０个百分点。但对鲁西牛、杂交牛（西门达尔×南阳牛）、北牛等无预测作用。     

松嫩平原玉米带农业生态系统的研究(Ⅱ)——能流模型的建立与可持续性分析

在测试并确定农业生态系统各项参数和状态变量的基础上， 应用数学模型方法建立了松嫩平原玉米带农业生态系统的能流型， 进行了结构与功能的分析， 探讨了不同农业技术模式、土壤有机质和农田产量之间消长的关系。结果认为， 实现农业的持续发展， 应采取有机无机相结合的农业技术体系。     

四川稻麦两熟区中稻田连作秋大豆规范化栽培技术

根据“系统工程最佳模拟配合”原理，运用二次回归正交组合设计方法，研究了在四川生态区条件下稻麦两熟中稻田连作秋大豆高产高交规范化栽培主要可鬼斧神工因子（育苗期、移栽密度、施肥量）的优化组合技术。建立了高产高效两组数学模式；明确了3个可控因素的决策变量顺序及其最高产量、最佳效益的关系；优选了秋大豆100－125kg/667m^2、125kg/667m^2及净产值400元／667m^2以上的技术组合方案。     

Final Analysis of the Accuracy and Precision of Methods to Calculate the Sediment Retained by Check Dams

Knowing how much sediment check dams have trapped during their lifespan is essential to estimate their effectiveness or the sediment yields of their basins. Methods to calculate the volume of sediment trapped by check dams play an important role in the understanding of these issues. Several authors have proposed different methods to measure the volume of retained sediment, but their accuracy has, as yet, not been precisely determined and is currently a subject of debate. We compare the most frequently used methods (geometric: prism, pyramid and geometric; topographic: Digital Terrain Models (DTMs), trapezoids and sections methods) to evaluate their accuracy and precision in determining the volume of sediment retained by check dams. Our calculations are based on ten virtual check dams simulated in several gullies of Saldaña (Spain), where we determine their volumetric capacity for trapping sediment (real volume). This was made by means of an intensive topographic survey of these gullies, employing a terrestrial laser scanning system to obtain a high‐resolution digital elevation model (5 × 5 cm, ±2 mm). The results showed that topographic methods provided a very good fit to real volume with a difference of around 8%, being the sections method the most accurate. Geometric methods were less accurate, showing differences of up to 28%. Thus, the results obtained until now by geometric methods should be considered with caution. Although topographic methods were more accurate, they require many field data and much time than the others. So geometric methods can still be useful by correcting their results using our obtained percentage of variation. Knowing the accuracy of the methods before measuring is essential to obtain the most reliable results to analyse the role of check dams in controlling sediment, erosion processes and land degradation. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Progress and Yield Bottleneck of Aerobic Rice in the North China Plain: A Case Study of Varieties Handao 297 and Handao 502

Aerobic rice has been considered a promising rice cultivation system as water scarcity is increasing in the world. This article summarizes the advances in aerobic rice management researches in the North China Plain, focusing on yield formation and its bottleneck. High-yielding and good-quality aerobic rice varieties adapted to aerobic soil conditions have been released officially and adopted by farmers in North China. The varieties Handao 502 and Handao 297 have been recognized as the most promising varieties reaching a yield level ranging 3.5-5.0 t ha-1 with 450-650 mm water input. Compared with lowland rice, water input in aerobic rice was more than 50% lower, and water productivity was 60% higher. Researches on responses of rice cultivars to nitrate nitrogen （N） and ammonium N supplied at early growth stages provided the first evidence for a preference of aerobic rice HD297 for nitrate N supply, compared with the lowland rice variety. Zinc uptake studies demonstrated that introduction of aerobic rice system on calcareous soils may increase zinc deficiency problems. Sink size was identified as the limitation of aerobic rice yield, because its spikelet number m-2 was too low （20000-24 000） compared with the lowland rice. For future research, more attention is suggested to be paid to yield formation focusing on effects of water regimes on tiller dynamics. Understanding of nutrient uptake and response to fertilization effects are also urgently required to establish optimized crop management technology. Additionally, alternative cropping systems based on aerobic rice should be established, and key sustainability and environmental impact issues in the systems need to be identified.     

花生施用TBS环保生态肥和三元复混肥试验简报

花生施用TBS环保生态肥、三元复混肥作花生基肥，能促进植株健壮生长，增加单株结果数，提高饱果率，从而提高花生产量和经济效益。尤其施用TBS环保生态肥比对照增长15．4％，效果尤为显著，同时也尤于施三元复混肥。     

锰肥对孜然芹产量的影响

通过对孜然芹种子使用0．05％．0．10％，0．50％，1．00％4个浓度的MnSO4进行浸种处理，结果表明，用0．05％和0．10％的MnSO4溶液浸种增产效果显著，增产幅度分别为46％和28％，而0．5％和1．0％的处理均无增产效果。     

土壤水分条件对白肋烟产、质量的影响研究

采用田间和盆栽试验方法研究了土壤水分条件对白肋烟产、质量和化学成分的影响及白肋烟灌溉的土壤水分指标。综合不同试验中土壤含水量对白肋烟产、质量和各类化学成分影响的结果 ,白肋烟各生育期最适宜的土壤相对含水量分别为移栽—团棵 6 6 %左右、团棵—打顶 80 %左右、打顶—采收 77%左右 ,白肋烟成熟阶段需水量相对较多。成熟期土壤相对含水量对白肋烟的成熟速度和化学成分的协调性及评吸质量的影响最为明显 ,在最适宜的土壤相对含水量以下的范围内 ,表现出随土壤相对含水量升高 ,成熟速度加快 ,烟碱含量明显下降 ,内在化学成分更为协调和评吸质量提高。适宜的土壤相对含水量能明显提高白肋烟产量、产值和等级比重。     

优质高产香型杂交水稻新香优96的选育与应用

新香优96是湖北省荆州市种子总公司用优质香型不育系新香A与自育优质恢复系R96配组育成的中熟香型杂交晚稻新组合。该组合具有米质优、产量高、耐肥耐寒、抗倒伏、熟期适宜、适应性广等特点。2002年2月通过湖北省农作物品种审定。1998—2002年在荆州市累计示范种植6000hm^2以上。     

甜菜氮代谢关键酶与其产质量的关系

不同氮肥处理的 NR和 GS与 α-氨基态氮呈线性相关 ,但不同生育期间 ,NR及叶部的 GS与 α-氨基态氮相关不显著 ,而根部的 GS与 α-氨基态氮则呈显著正相关。NR和 GS与产量及产糖量则呈二次型抛物线关系 ,即在一定范围内 ,随 NR和 GS活性增强 ,产量和产糖量增加 ,但超过 NR和 GS的最适值时 ,二者呈下降趋势。在硝态氮作用下 ,NR与各测试指标相关性较大 ,而 GS与各指标在铵态氮处理下相关性较大 ,说明硝态氮对 NR有促进作用 ,而铵态氮对 GS有较强的促进作用。