苹果属植物变叶海棠遗传多样性形成机理研究进展

过去20余年国内外学者对苹果属植物的起源、分类、区系地理、种内和种间遗传变异等开展了广泛的研究。然而,有关苹果属植物遗传多样性形成机理迄今未见任何直接报道。作者从变叶海棠的遗传多样性及其起源,物种的居群分化及其近缘种的形成几方面重点介绍过去15a西南大学在研究变叶海棠的遗传多样性和居群分化等方面所取得的进展。我们的研究工作为进一步探索苹果属植物遗传多样性形成机理奠定了基础,并为变叶海棠珍贵基因资源的保护和利用提供了理论依据。     

黄土高原重点县综合治理与发展规划中的地域分异研究

本文阐明了黄土高原县域规划中进行地域分异研究的必要性及其重要意义,并对县域内地域分异规律的特殊表现作了比较深入的探讨。     

Lithium chloride promotes neuronal differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by modulating autophagy

AIM: To study the influence of lithium chloride (LiCl) on the neuronal differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and to explore whether autophagy was involved in this process. METHODS: MSCs were isolated and cultured in vitro. The cells were divided into LiCl group and control group. MSCs were treated with β-mercaptoethanol as an inducer for triggering the cells to differentiate into neurons. The expression of neuronal markers-neuron specific enolase (NSE) and microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP-2), and autophagic marker-microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) were measured by immunofluorescence method and Western blot. An autophagy activator rapamycin and autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) were applied to modulate the autophagy in the LiCl treated-cells. The protein expression of NSE and MAP-2 were determined by Western blot. RESULTS: After induction, the expression of NSE and MAP-2 were increased. The percentage of NSE-and MAP-2-positive cells and the expression of NSE and MAP-2 in the LiCl group were greater than those in control group (P<0.05). After induction, the number of LC3-positive dots and the expression of LC3-Ⅱ in LiCl group were greater than those in control group (P<0.05). The expression of NSE and MAP-2 increased when the autophagy was modulated by rapamycin in LiCl treated-cells, and on the contrary, the expression of NSE and MAP-2 were inhibited as autophagy was modulated by 3-MA. CONCLUSION: Lithium chloride may promote the neuronal differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by modulating autophagy.     

高粱组织培养的研究进展

本文回顾了高粱组织培养的方法、影响因素和研究进展,并对这些再生技术体系的优缺点进行了简单比较,对高粱组织培养中存在的褐化以及愈伤组织胚性保持等问题作出了初步分析。     

猪、大鼠原代脂肪细胞分化过程的比较研究

本试验利用原代脂肪细胞培养的方法,通过诱导分化,观测猪、大鼠原代脂肪细胞形态学、分化时序及代谢差异。结果显示,猪脂肪细胞第6d达到分化高峰期,而大鼠第4d达到高峰期;甘油释放量都表现出时间依赖性的增高模式,但大鼠代谢旺盛;从细胞形态学上,观测到猪脂肪细胞分化过程中,小脂滴的汇集程度较大鼠脂肪细胞差,并且缓慢。猪脂肪细胞与大鼠脂肪细胞在分化过程中所表现的差异性,提示两物种脂肪细胞代谢及功能不尽相同。     

差异化发展推动重庆五大功能区建设

从五大功能区的功能定位及当地实际状况出发,着重从权力调整、市场作用、监督考核、合作竞争4个方面探索了如何在全面推进五大功能区战略过程中更好地凸出各区域发展差异化的问题.     

Optimum timing of gibberellin A4/7 sprays to promote cone production in jack pine seedlings

Three-year-old jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) seedlings in pots were sprayed with gibberellin A_4/7 solution during the 1989 growing season. Unsprayed and sprayed controls, and seedlings sprayed with gibberellin A_4/7 at three concentrations (200, 400 and 600 mgL^-1) were tested in each of five different treatment periods based on jack pine morphogenesis. Each spraying period consisted of five weekly applications between May and October. Trees produced significantly more pollen cones than the two controls when sprayed at 400 or 600 mgL^-1 during July and early August. Spraying at 600 mgL^-1 during May–June and June–July produced significantly more seed cones than the two controls, as did spraying at 400 or 600 mgL^-1 during July and early August. The best treatment for both pollen- and seed-cone production was weekly spraying at 400 or 600 mgL^-1 gibberellin A_4/7 from early July, which coincided with the end of terminal shoot elongation, through early August, which coincided with microsporophyll initiation in the pollen-cone buds and initiation of the potential seed-cone buds.     

不同基因型大麦离体培养的花药及小孢子对低温和NaCl预处理的反应

以探讨大麦单倍体细胞水平的耐冷、耐NaCl性与植株水平抗病、耐盐性的相关性为目的，用赤霉病抗性、耐盐性不同的大麦为供试材料，比较了它们的离体培养花药及小孢子对低温、NaCl预处理的培养反应。结果表明：感病材料低温（5℃）预处理17d的花药培养愈伤组织诱导率比未经低温预处理的低，抗病材料则有一定的升幅。用NaCl溶液直接处理游离小孢子，所有供试材料的小孢子存活率随处理浓度升高不断下降，耐盐材料的存活率下降幅度比盐敏材料的小，且抗病材料的降幅比感病材料的小。说明：供体植株水平的抗病、耐盐性在花药、小孢子水平上也能有所表现。     

茄子组织培养高效再生植株体系的优化

以三月茄为试验材料,探讨了不同浓度6-BA、ZT与IAA对茄子外植体不定芽分化的影响,比较了下胚轴不同接种方式对不定芽分化的影响和不同生根培养基对茄子不定芽的生根效果。结果表明,MS+IAA(0.2 mg/L)+6-BA(2.0 mg/L)+ZT(1.0 mg/L)能加强外植体不定芽的分化能力,带柄子叶的不定芽分化率达到60.2%,下胚轴的不定芽分化率达到98.1%,类Flamingo-bill外植体的不定芽分化率更是达到了100%;与横向平接相比,下胚轴正向扦插能提高不定芽的分化率和不定芽分化系数,还能提前分化;茄子不定芽在MS固体培养基上生根效果最好,生根率达到100%。