甜瓜杂交种纯度电泳鉴定方法研究

对甜瓜杂交种８５０１和８６０１及其母本的几种种子蛋白和几种同工酶进行了电泳分析。结果表明,用蒸馏水、５％ＮａＣｌ、７０％乙醇、６％尿素和０．０５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＨＣｌ提取的各组分种子蛋白的电泳图谱在母本和杂种间均无明显差异。种子和６ｄ苗龄子叶的谷氨酸脱氢酶同工酶、超氧化物歧化酶同工酶、酸性磷酸酯酶同工酶、过氧化物酶同工酶以及种子的酯酶同工酶酶谱在母本和杂种间也未见差异,但１０ｄ苗龄子叶的过氧化物酶同工     

荞麦同工酶多态分析

从已收集到的200份样品中,选出具有代表性的甜荞和苦荞各10份,采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对其中的4种酶进行了分析。结果表明,在供试的20个样品中,甜荞超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）出现3条强活性谱带,苦荞仅有1条强活性谱带。酯酶（EST）在不同样品中表现出较大差异,存在快电泳变异型、慢电泳变异型和缺失电泳型3种类型。苹果酸脱氧酶（MDH）和谷氨酸脱氧酶（GDH）种内、种间存在较小差异     

洞庭湖鲇不同组织SOD同工酶的比较研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法,研究了洞庭湖鲇(Silnrus asotus)5种组织或器官(肌肉、肾脏、肝脏、胰脏和心脏)中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)同工酶的表达情况。结果表明,在鲇组织中共检出SOD同工酶带5条(SOD-1、SOD-2、SOD-3、SOD-4和SOD-5),其中SOD-5仅在肝脏中表达,不同组织中SOD同工酶的表达存在差异,表现出明显的组织特异性。     

Field evaluation of Gee Passive Capillary Lysimeters for monitoring drainage in non-gravelly and gravelly alluvial soils: A useful tool to estimate nitrogen leaching from agriculture

The development of accurate methodologies for monitoring drainage and evaluating nitrogen leaching from agricultural land is an absolute necessity, particularly considering the growing problem of nitrogen pollution of groundwater throughout the world. In this context, the Gee Passive Capillary Lysimeter appears to be an innovative tool that allows direct and continuous measurement of drainage and enables drainage water to be sampled for chemical analysis. The main objective of this study was to evaluate how the Gee Passive Capillary Lysimeter works in alluvial soils. The study was conducted at two agricultural field stations: Site 1 (central Spain), with a non-gravelly soil, and Site 2 (north of Spain), with a gravelly soil. An installation procedure that leaves part of the soil profile undisturbed was selected for the soil without gravel, whereas a procedure that may alter the soil physical properties was used for the gravelly soil. The experiment was carried out over two consecutive crop cycles at both field stations. Soil water balances were obtained through two different methods: a direct method based on direct measurements of drainage using the Gee Passive Capillary Lysimeter, and an indirect method based on the calculation of daily crop evapotranspiration. A statistical comparison of results obtained by the two methods showed no significant differences in estimates of drainage or crop evapotranspiration from both the non-gravelly and the gravelly soil. The efficiency of leachate collection with the Gee Passive Capillary Lysimeter in the non-gravelly soil was 101 ± 1% (mean ± standard deviation), while in the gravelly soil, it was 142 ± 52%. Drainage and nitrogen leaching below the root zone were determined to be primarily triggered by excessive irrigation. This study helps to validate the use of the Gee Passive Capillary Lysimeter in gravelly and non-gravelly alluvial soils under irrigated agriculture.     

灭多威对松毛虫同工酶的影响

测定了辽宁省3个地区松毛虫(Dendrolimussp.)的可溶性蛋白和5种同工酶(酯酶,过氧化物酶,过氧化氢酶,多酚氧化酶和超氧化物歧化酶),并进行了电泳图谱分析,以求在昆虫抗药性生理生化研究方面有新的进展,为松毛虫的抗性治理提供依据。对各地区的松毛虫药剂处理后的同工酶与未做处理的比较,发现其酶谱均发生了变化,说明这些酶对药剂处理都有所反应,可以作为昆虫抗药性研究的重要酶系。     

小麦HMW-GS毛细管电泳标准图谱的构建

用毛细管电泳技术对普通小麦品种Glu-1位点高分子量谷蛋白亚基变异进行分析,探讨该技术对高分子量谷蛋白亚基分离的分辨率和重复性,并构建15个不同常见亚基的标准图谱,试验结果增加1Dx3、1Dx4、1Bx13、1Bx14、1By15、1By16六个亚基的标准出峰时间并进行排序。对毛细管电泳图谱与SDS-PAGE进行比较。结果表明,毛细管电泳的出峰顺序与SDS-PAGE略有不同,使用该技术能简便迅速鉴定小麦高分子量谷蛋白优质亚基,比SDS-PAGE鉴定结果更为快捷灵敏,能够高效快速测定大量不同品种的高分子量谷蛋白亚基。     

基于SSR标记的玉米自交系聚类及同源性分析

利用30对多态性好且稳定的SSR标记对259份玉米自交系进行基因分型并进行同源性划分。结果表明,在259份自交系间共检测出228个等位基因变异,变幅4~13个,平均每对引物检测出7.57个;多态性信息含量变幅为0.37~0.86,平均为0.69;平均基因多样性指数为0.73。根据Nei’s遗传距离,利用UPGMA聚类法将259份玉米自交系划分为Reid、旅大红骨、塘四平头、Lancaster、自330亚群共5个类群,其中,主要以Reid、旅大红骨、塘四平头和Lancaster这4个类群为主。种群划分与系谱基本吻合,同时对系谱来源复杂的玉米自交系进行同源性分析,明确了自交系的归属。     

基于叶绿体InDel标记对玉米S型胞质不育制种鉴定的研究

以精选表型和基因型丰富的29份代表性玉米自交系以及三联体验证材料,基于叶绿体基因组中11个InDel位点进行引物设计、筛选评估,确定2对玉米S型不育鉴定特异引物。两对引物CPMIDP01CE和CPMIDP02CE的多态分别为83个和5个碱基的插入缺失变异,属于trnS-trnG和ndhJ-ndhK基因间区。CPMIDP01CE和CP?MIDP02CE引物的扩增产物如果含有83 bp插入序列(片段长度为339 bp),不含有5 bp的插入序列(片段长度为239 bp),所分析样品即为S型胞质不育材料。两对特异鉴定引物基于变性荧光毛细管、非变性凝胶毛细管、琼脂糖等不同电泳平台均建立了检测方法,并且具有兼容更高效的KASP、TaqMan等技术体系的潜力。