加工型辣椒新品种‘艳椒426’

加工型辣椒新品种‘艳椒426'是以‘754(2)-1'为母本,‘750-1'为父本配制而成的一代杂种。植株生长势强,平均株高102.0 cm,始花节位15节。果实朝天,单生,小尖椒形,果长6.0 cm,果宽1.0 cm,果肉厚0.1 cm,平均单果质量4.8 g,生物学成熟果红色。皮薄,味辣。中晚熟,平均鲜椒产量为25.5 t·hm~(-2)。对病毒病和疫病具有较强抗性。     

氨基酸液体肥料替代氮肥对辣椒生长、产量及品质的影响

【目的】氮肥减施条件下,筛选出适合辣椒生长的氨基酸液体肥料比例,提高辣椒的产量及品质。【方法】以辉腾8号为材料,共设6个处理,以常规施肥为对照,减施氮肥10%、20%、30%、40%、50%,配施氨基酸液体肥料,测定辣椒的生长指标、产量及品质指标,分析氨基酸液体肥料替代化肥对辣椒生长、产量及品质的影响。【结果】各处理对辣椒的生长、产量及品质都有影响。T4处理可以提高辣椒的产量,其中,单果重、单株果实数、单株产量、小区产量分别比CK提高0.17%、28.98%、10.11%、24.64%。同时,T4处理可以改善辣椒的品质,果形指数、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、VC比CK提高12.62%、10.92%、3.63%、30.44%,硝酸盐含量比CK降低22.61%。【结论】氨基酸液体肥料可以替代部分氮肥且T4处理(减施氮肥40%,配施28 kg/667m²的氨基酸液体肥料)进行基施和追施,可使辣椒的产量和品质达到最好。     

桃蚜在辣椒上的空间分布及抽样技术研究

桃蚜作为世界范围内农作物主要害虫,在我国主要蔬菜种植区均有发生。因其繁殖能力强以及对蔬菜尤其是辣椒质量造成危害而成为重要防治对象。为了明确四川省成都主要辣椒种植区桃蚜空间分布格局,本试验运用2种回归方法和8个聚集度指标(K, C, CA, I, M*, m*/m, L*, L*/(1+m))对桃蚜盛发期种群的空间格局进行了研究；同时,通过Iwao回归法和Taylor幂法计算桃蚜种群理论抽样数,Iwao和kuno序贯抽样技术拟合桃蚜的序贯抽样模型。结果表明桃蚜种群呈聚集分布,聚集强度随种群密度的升高而增加,且个体间相互吸引,其聚集原因是由桃蚜习性与环境因素共同引起的,但8月下旬开始聚集原因主要有环境因素决定；通过种群密度与聚集度指标相关性分析表明,用平均拥挤度(m*/m)、负二项分布指标(K),久野指数(CA)及L*/(m+1)分析桃蚜空间分布型更具说服力；并利用空间格局参数确定了理论抽样数和序贯抽样模型。     

优质黑猪育种30年工作体会

品种是影响养猪生产中的最重要因素,猪育种是一项复杂且系统的工程,文章从育种素材筛选、育种方案设计、育种方法选择、品种审定以及扩群产业化推广等方面进行详细的阐述,并结合育种经验提出相应猪育种建议。     

不同辣椒品种在遵义市的适应性研究

为探讨不同辣椒品种在遵义市的适应性,对引进的21个辣椒品种进行栽培试验.结果表明：参试各品种均能适应遵义市的生态环境,辣椒播种期越旱,产量越高.     

脱水青胡椒的制备

以青胡椒鲜果为原料，经过脱粒、分选、清洗、杀青、干燥等工序加工制备脱水青胡椒；并与传统黑胡椒、白胡椒进行产品质量对比分析，同时制定脱水青胡椒产品质量标准，脱水青胡椒具有色泽青绿、味”道良好．易贮藏保存和产品品质高等优点。     

辣椒新品种‘老农908’

‘老农908’是F1代鲜食辣椒新品种。果长15.28 cm,果宽1.63 cm,果实线形,青熟果绿色,老熟果鲜红色,味辛辣,平均单果鲜质量14.14 g,平均鲜椒产量25 878.3 kg·hm~(-2)。抗逆性强,结果性强,适合贵州辣椒种植区及省外气候条件相似的地区栽培。     

皇后黑李优良单株——隆丰1号黑李的选育

对皇后黑李、隆丰1号黑李的生物学特征和植物学特性进行观察记载;开展皇后黑李优良单株的选育,选出优良单株——隆丰1号黑李。     

An experimental study of charcoal degradation in a boreal forest

Degradation rates of pyrogenic carbon (PyC) under natural environmental conditions are largely unknown. Here we present results from a field experiment monitoring the change in mass, C- and N concentrations of a variety of charcoal types in a Norwegian boreal forest over a period of 20 months. The charcoal types represent different feedstock tree species, production temperature regimes, and placements in the forest, i.e. above ground, in the humus layer or in contact with the mineral subsoil. The types of charcoal had different initial C concentrations mainly depending on their production temperature. Nevertheless, all types of charcoal at all placements in the forest showed an initial drop in their C concentrations, which subsequently rose back to reach near initial values in part of the charcoal types. In part of the charcoal types, N concentrations decreased throughout the experiment, exhibiting considerable variation among feedstock species, production temperature regime, and placements in the forest. C/N ratios rose especially in charcoal made from wood of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), and charcoal that had been stored in contact with the mineral subsoil showed the most rapid mass gain. Our results confirm the important influence of production temperature and feedstock type on the degradation of charcoal, but they also show that microbial activity and environmental conditions play significant roles in charcoal degradation and thus for the fate of pyrogenic carbon under natural conditions.     

Carrier rate of the c.235G>C mutation in the bovine isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase (IARS) gene of Japanese Black cows at Kagoshima prefecture, Japan,and analysis of the metabolic profiling and reproductive performance of heterozygous cows

Bovine isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase (IARS) disorder, a major cause of weak calf syndrome, is caused by a homozygous missense (c.235G>C) mutation in the bovine IARS gene of Japanese Black (JB) cattle, which was identified in 2013. However, the extent to which the carrier rate has changed at Kagoshima prefecture, Japan, and whether the carrier status is associated with any clinical or reproductive problems, have yet to be ascertained. In this study, using a real-time polymerase chain reaction-based genotyping assay, we determined the carrier rate in a regional JB cow population at Kagoshima prefecture. Comparative analyses were performed on the metabolic profile test (MPT) results and reproductive performance data obtained for heterozygous carrier and homozygous wild-type cows. In 2009 and 2018, DNA samples were collected from 130 and 462 clinically healthy JB cows, respectively, in Kagoshima prefecture. MPT results and reproductive performance data were evaluated for 62 cows, comprising four heterozygous carriers and 58 wild-type cows. Genotyping revealed that the carrier rate was 6.9% in 2009 and 1.5% in 2018, the difference of which was statistically significant (P<0.005). There were no statistically significant differences between the carrier and wild-type cows with respect to either MPT results or reproductive performance, indicating that the carrier cows have necessary IARS activity to maintain minimal health and reproductive potential.