低温和诱导时间对小麦小孢子培养的影响

为了优化小麦小孢子培养体系,研究了低温处理花药、幼穗及诱导培养时间对小孢子形态、胚胎发生和植株再生的影响。结果表明,经低温处理后,有活力的小孢子体积增大、形态变化明显,据其液泡大小、数目及其与细胞核位置的关系,可分为4种类型。低温处理可显著提高胚状体数和绿苗数,其中处理花药3 d、幼穗7 d的效果最好,平均每皿的绿苗数分别为59株和57株。胚状体发育速度显著影响绿苗分化能力,小孢子诱导培养28-29 d、直径约2 mm的胚状体数目较少,但绿苗分化率高;诱导培养32-38 d、直径为2 mm的胚状体数目达到了峰值,而绿苗分化率极低。在小麦小孢子培养中,应选择诱导28-29 d、直径2 mm的胚状体进行分化培养。     

一维Theta-神经元网络中细胞耦合作用时间对细胞放电行为的影响

通过对一维Theta-神经元网络中细胞耦合作用时间的讨论,得到较长时间的耦合作用时间会使网络中单放电行波变为多放电行波,并通过数值模拟对理论加以验证.     

基于PCA-ARIMA模型的高血压发病率预测

目的高血压发病率是政府和相关医学工作者预防和监测高血压的重要依据之一。方法利用主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)对因子进行线性筛选,获得保留因子后利用ARIMA进行建模预测,即为PCA-ARIMA多维时间序列组合预测模型。结果高血压发病率的拟合与独立预测结果表明,PCA-ARIMA优于PCA-MLR、ARIMA等参比模型。结论本文提出的基于主成分分析和ARIMA模型(PCA-ARIMA模型)的建模有助于提高模型的预测精度。     

环境条件对重阳木生长的影响

对重阳木以通径分析方法分析其生长状况与环境条件的关系。结果表明:多行的重阳木与其生长状况呈较强的正相关关系,除直接作用外,根系半深埋,根系损害以及地面硬化等均可通过其对生长状况产生影响;根系正常与冠幅生长相关性较强,除直接作用外,多行,根系伤害以及地面硬化程度均可通过其对冠幅生长产生影响;单行的重阳木与树干生长关系密切,除直接作用外,根系深埋、根系伤害程度以及地面硬化程度均可通过其对树干生长产生影响;根系深埋推迟发芽时间,除直接作用外,单行以及地面硬化均可通过其对发芽时间产生影响。     

两种嵩草种子劣变初探

测定了低温下贮藏４３个月，然后室温下贮藏４９个月的久治嵩草，线叶嵩草种子的劣变过程，结果表明；两种种子在前４３个月的低温贮藏劣变微，以后在室温下迅速加快，发芽率很低，且与生活力无明显的相关关系。二种均是休眠种子。     

水稻持久抗瘟性研究

以病区时空动态效应强度检验为核心,以纬度病圃、抗谱测定和抗性信息流的追踪考证作为持久抗瘟性鉴定评价方法的基础。经综合评价,认为特特勃(Tetep)、小粒野生稻Oryzaminuta J.S.Presl ex C.B.Presl、湘资3150、天津野生稻、谷梅二号、魔王谷等具有持久抗瘟性,可作抗源用,其中小粒野生稻兼具持久抗褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens St(?)l性能;提出了持久抗瘟性鉴定的原则和方法。对持久抗瘟性的时空动态特性、广谱抗性与持久抗性的关系等进行了讨论。     

库木库里沙漠形成时代的初步探讨

本文依据小沙子湖湖积剖面的年代学、沉积学、地球化学与矿物学分析,探讨了湖积剖面的建造与库木库里沙漠发育的关系,认为,在该湖积剖面建造中,沙漠尚未出现,库木库里沙漠的形成在距今6000年前以后。     

Components of resistance to late blight (Phytophthora infestans) in eight South AmericanSolanum species

Four components of partial resistance toPhytophthora infestans were measured after inoculation in the greenhouse and in the field ofSolanum arnezii x hondelmannii, S. berthaultii, S. circaeifolium, S. leptophyes, S. microdontum, S. sparsipilum, S. sucrense andS. vernei, and four hybrid progenies ofS. microdontum withS. tuberosum. The four components were infection efficiency, lesion growth rate, generation time and sporulation capacity. The results were compared with resistance ratings derived from field experiments, and with observations made on the potato cultivars Bintje, Bildstar, Libertas and Pimpernel. Genetic variation for all components was found, while the relative importance of the components of partial resistance appeared to vary between the species. InS. microdontum, generation time, infection efficiency and lesion growth rate, and inS. tuberosum infection efficiency, lesion growth rate and sporulation capacity appeared positively associated, but in other species no such association was found. A strong hypersensitive reaction, the expression of which appeared to depend on environmental conditions, was found inS. microdontum. ForS. berthaultii, infection efficiency appeared to be the main resistance component.Abbreviations ADPC area under the disease progress curve - IE infection efficiency - LGR lesion growth rate - GT generation time - SC sporulation capacity     

兔病毒性出血症首免时间的研究

针对生产上出现的从断奶育成这一年龄段多发兔病毒性出血症的实际情况，采用快速、敏感的Dot-ELISA方法，通过测定不同免疫状态下的母兔所产兔的母源抗体动态变化规律，并进一步测定不同抗体效价的成年兔攻毒后是否得到保护的结果，再结合生产实际，得出兔病毒性出血症首免时间为30日龄，且剂量加倍。     

Effects of time and concentration on mortality of phosphine-resistant Sitophilus oryzae (L) fumigated with phosphine

The effects of exposure period and phosphine concentration on mortality of susceptible and resistant Sitophilus oryzae (L) were investigated. Although S oryzae is one of the world's most serious pests of stored grain there are few data on the practical significance of phosphine resistance in this species. The strains investigated were an Australian susceptible strain, a homozygous resistant strain exhibiting a level of resistance common in Australia and an unselected field strain from China with a much stronger resistance. Fumigations were carried out at 25 degrees C on adults and mixed-age cultures. For adults of all three strains and mixed-age cultures of the susceptible and resistant Australian strains, the relationship between concentration and time could be described by equations of the form Cnt = k. In all cases n < 1, indicating that time was a more important variable than concentration. In all fumigations of adults the resistant strains were harder to kill than the susceptible strain. However, in fumigations of mixed-age cultures, which contained the tolerant pupal stage, the difference between susceptible and resistant strains was more pronounced at lower concentrations than higher concentrations. For example, at 0.02 mg litre-1 the estimated LT99.9 for mixed-age cultures of the Australian resistant strain (27 days) is 3.4 times that of the susceptible strain (8 days), but at 1 mg litre-1 there is no difference between the two strains (4 days). Limited data on the Chinese resistant strain supported this finding. Twenty-three days exposure at 0.02 mg litre-1 had no effect on mixed-age cultures of this strain, but there were no survivors after 5 days exposure to 1 mg litre-1.