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81.
The potential negative environmental impact of manure and biological waste (BW) can be minimised at a profit by recycling plant nutrients in the food chain. Current large-scale livestock production, epizootic diseases and increasing globalisation increase the need for biosecurity, to minimise the risk of disease transmission to the food chain. Arable use of manure and BW can inadvertently spread infectious diseases; opinion differs concerning the risk levels. To obtain general acceptance for arable use, a hygienically safe end-product is needed. This paper provides a detailed discussion of treatment alternatives for co-treatment, i.e., mixture before treatment of manure and BW. Composting, anaerobic digestion and ammonia treatment are the three options given. A decision support tool is also presented and discussed. Suitable treatment methods must combine biosecurity aspects with environmental, economic and nutrient recycling aspects to create a beneficial whole-farm approach. 相似文献
82.
The recent upsurgence ofBemisia tabaci (Genn.) as an important insect pest and vector ofTomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is directly linked to serious damage to tomato crops grown throughout Japan. The molecular genetic identification
and phylogenetic relationships of 12B. tabaci populations collected from representative locations in Japan were determined based on the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase
I (mtCOI) sequence. Phylogenetic analysis of the whitefly mtCOI sequence indicated that both the invasive B and Q biotypes
now occur in Japan. The Q biotype was found at four locations: Mihara in Hiroshima, Nishigoshi in Kumamoto, Miyanojo and Okuchi
in Kagoshima prefectures; the remaining eight collections were identified as the B biotype. This is the first report of the
introduction of Q biotype in Japan.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting July 21, 2006. 相似文献
83.
Treatment of cow-waste slurry by a microbial fuel cell and the properties of the treated slurry as a liquid manure 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hiroshi YOKOYAMA Hideyuki OHMORI Mitsuyoshi ISHIDA Miyoko WAKI Yasuo TANAKA 《Animal Science Journal》2006,77(6):634-638
Resource recycling and the proper treatment of animal waste to reduce its environmental impact are currently important issues for the livestock industry. A microbial fuel cell (MFC), a new type of bioreactor, is expected to play roles in both waste‐water purification and energy recovery. However, the generation of electricity from cow waste has not yet been examined. In this study, using an MFC, we examined the possibility of generating electricity from dairy‐cow waste slurry, and analyzed the properties of the treated slurry as liquid manure for resource recycling. The MFC treatment of the slurry generated electricity in a dose‐dependent manner, and the maximum power output by the MFC from a 1 g of chemical oxygen demand/L slurry was 0.34 mW/m2. After the MFC treatment, 84% of the biological oxygen demand in the slurry was removed and three essential fertilizer elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) were retained at 84, 70, and 91% levels, respectively. The amount of ammonia nitrogen in the slurry, as an element of fast‐release fertilizer, was increased by 1.9‐fold. Although the treated slurry displayed properties that made it preferable as liquid manure, further studies to improve the electrical power output by the MFC are required for practical use. 相似文献
84.
淀粉废液发酵香菇菌丝体 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
作者以淀粉废液为主要碳源,运用正交试验,采用摇瓶发酵筛选香菇液体发酵培养基。结果显示,在以淀粉废液为主要碳源的培养基中,每升含玉米浆10g,甲基纤维素10g,碳酸镁8.8mg和硫酸亚铁5mg最适宜于香菇菌丝生长发育。在诸因素中,甲基纤维素最重要。提示香菇液体发酵菌丝球的数量与大小,除与菌种、营养成分有关外,还与培养基的粘度(Viscosity)相关。添加适量的甲基纤维素能使香菇菌丝球变小,均匀而菌丝量增加。 相似文献
85.
86.
植物资源库的建立和管理 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文章阐述了保护和开发植物资源的重要性,据此提出了要建立植物资源库以保存珍、稀濒危植物的种质资源。并根据植物资源库建立的规模,提出了具体的规划方案和管理措施。同时论证了植物资源库的利用价值。 相似文献
87.
利用固体废弃物生产商品砂浆 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
砂浆是一类重要的建筑材料,砂浆的商品化是建筑业实施节能减排的重要方面。发展商品砂浆可以实现节约资源、减少污染。 相似文献
88.
从4个方面分别对鹤岗矿区矸石排放区栽植沙棘的技术、利用价值、深加工技术流程及其生态效益和社会效益做了介绍. 相似文献
89.
采用了辐射与低温臭氧相结合的方法,可以减轻果蔬储藏中的侵染性病害,同时,还可以延长果蔬的保鲜期。 相似文献
90.