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991.
992.
对钻自西昆仑山崇测冰帽6530m处18.7m长冰芯的分析得到:尘埃含量的变化影响着崇测冰帽钻点处的物质平衡———与其它气溶胶相比,沙尘微粒是冰帽钻点处降雪的主要贡献因子;以沙尘作为冰核的降雪是钻点处降水的主导形式。与塔克拉玛干沙漠周缘地区地面观测资料比较显示:近60a来的冰芯积累量所反映出的冰帽降水量在减少,同时显示塔克拉玛干沙漠周缘地区暖季降水量在增加,而沙尘恰是连接沙漠周缘地区和附近冰川区气候变化的中介。值得注意的是,本研究对于崇测冰帽冰芯中降雪积累率与尘埃沉降通量一致降低的发现具有区域范围,甚至全球范围气候变化的意义。 相似文献
993.
内蒙古入境旅游市场结构研究 总被引:4,自引:4,他引:4
旅游业的发展离不开客源市场。通过对内蒙古入境旅游市场的年际变化、地域构成、境内分布情况和消费构成的分析,阐明了内蒙古入境旅游市场的基本特点。提出了确定市场重点,定位客源结构;合理进行空间布局,扩大入境游客在自治区境内的流向;深度开发旅游资源,打造名牌产品;优化旅游消费结构等进一步开拓入境旅游市场的建议。 相似文献
994.
黄土坡面土壤性质随退耕时间的动态变化研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
退耕还林还草是控制水土流失和防治土壤退化的关键措施,黄土高原退耕还林还草从试验到推广已有几十年历史。该文通过对黄土高原地区退耕区的实地调查,测定不同地区不同退耕年限植被恢复区表层土壤的理化性质,分析黄土坡面土壤理化性质随退耕时间的动态变化规律。结果表明:随着退耕植被恢复时间的增长,土壤物理结构将日趋改善,土壤养分含量水平将逐渐的提高,并主要集中在植被恢复10~20年期间,20年后,尤其是30年后,土壤理化性质较为稳定,而且,植被维护的好坏往往影响其稳定性。同时,水热条件较好的安塞地区土壤理化性质随退耕时间的改善程度更明显,而水热条件较差的皇甫川流域土壤理化性质随植被类型和植被恢复程度的影响更为显著。结果可为退耕的环境影响评价预测以及土地利用的调控提供科学依据。 相似文献
995.
干旱区杨树用材林土壤特性和林木生长对供水的响应 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
经过4年试验,结果表明,(1)供水对土壤水分调控作用明显,土壤各项含水指标均随供水量的增加而增加;(2)通过灌溉可改善土壤的三相比结构和土壤容重;灌溉对总孔隙度影响不明显;(3)灌溉对地下水位的影响显著,灌水前林地地下水埋深为3.46m,而灌水期内地下水埋深在2.36~2.87m之间,在7500m3/hm2.a灌溉定额以下时,不会造成土地次生盐渍化;(4)不同供水量对林木生长的效应是不同的,随灌溉量增加而造成不同程度的正增长;(5)人工林的蒸腾耗水量随供水量的增加而增加;(6)河套灌区杨树速生丰产林的合理灌溉量为7500m3/hm2.a。 相似文献
996.
油料向日葵根系生态与生理特性分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
长期以来对作物地上部分的结构功能和叶光系统进行了大量研究,对向日葵的根系发育规律的研究相对较少,盐渍化地区向日葵根系发育规律的研究就更少。为了有效地研究油料向日葵根系吸水过程和根系分布的关系,本文对向日葵根系生长发育规律和根系密度分布进行研究。 相似文献
997.
The potential of nonpathogenic Fusarium oxysporum and other biological control organisms for suppressing fusarium wilt of banana 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of nonpathogenic F. oxysporum and Trichoderma isolates from suppressive soils in South Africa to suppress fusarium wilt of banana in the glasshouse. Several biological control agents and commercial biological control products were included in the study. The isolates were first screened in vitro on potato dextrose agar. In glasshouse evaluations, the fungal and bacterial isolates were established on banana roots before they were replanted in pathogen-infested soil, while the commercial biocontrol agents were applied as directed by the supplier. Banana plantlets were evaluated for disease development after 7 weeks. In vitro tests showed none of the nonpathogenic isolates suppressed Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense ( Foc ), while slight suppression was observed with the two Trichoderma isolates. Results of the glasshouse evaluations revealed that two of the nonpathogenic F. oxysporum isolates, CAV 255 and CAV 241, reduced fusarium wilt incidence by 87·4 and 75·0%, respectively. The known biological control agent Fo47 did not suppress Foc significantly. Pseudomonas fluorescens strain WCS 417, known for its ability to suppress other fusarium wilt diseases (WCS 417), reduced disease incidence by 87·4%. These isolates should be further evaluated for potential application in the field, independently and in combination. 相似文献
998.
Ariena H. C. van Bruggen Alexander M. Semenov Anne D. van Diepeningen Oscar J. de Vos Wim J. Blok 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2006,115(1):105-122
A healthy soil is often defined as a stable soil system with high levels of biological diversity and activity, internal nutrient
cycling, and resilience to disturbance. This implies that microbial fluctuations after a disturbance would dampen more quickly
in a healthy than in a chronically damaged and biologically impoverished soil. Soil could be disturbed by various processes,
for example addition of a nutrient source, tillage, or drying-rewetting. As a result of any disturbance, the numbers of heterotrophic
bacteria and of individual species start to oscillate, both in time and space. The oscillations appear as moving waves along
the path of a moving nutrient source such as a root tip. The phase and period for different trophic groups and species of
bacteria may be shifted indicating that succession occurs. DGGE, Biolog and FAME analysis of subsequent populations in oscillation
have confirmed that there is a cyclic succession in microbial communities. Microbial diversity oscillates in opposite direction
from oscillations in microbial populations. In a healthy soil, the amplitudes of these oscillations will be small, but the
background levels of microbial diversity and activity are high, so that soil-borne diseases will face more competitors and
antagonists. However, soil-borne pathogens and antagonists alike will fluctuate in time and space as a result of growing plant
roots and other disturbances, and the periods and phases of the oscillations may vary. As a consequence, biological control
by members of a single trophic group or species may never be complete, as pathogens will encounter varying populations of
the biocontrol agent on the root surface. A mixture of different trophic groups may provide more complete biological control
because peaks of different trophic groups occur at subsequent locations along a root. Alternatively, regular addition of soil
organic matter may increase background levels of microbial activity, increase nutrient cycling, lower the concentrations of
easily available nutrient sources, increase microbial diversity, and enhance natural disease suppression. 相似文献
999.
ATSUSHI OOSHIRO SHINJI KAWANO TETSUYA TAKUSHI NORIKO OOMI MIKA TOKESHI NORIO OOSHIRO 《Weed Biology and Management》2006,6(4):241-244
In a previous study, we found that a 70% aqueous ethanol extract of the fresh aerial tissue of Geranium carolinianum L. showed antimicrobial activity against the pathogen causing soil rot of sweet potato. As the appropriate time for cultivation of sweet potato and the growing period of G. carolinianum do not overlap in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan, the fresh aerial tissue is available in order to control soil rot of sweet potato. Thus, we examined the control effect of fresh aerial tissue against soil rot of sweet potato. The various trials (a single repetition of 20 m2 ) were performed in fields that had undergone 8 years of continuous cropping of sweet potato at Okinawa Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station, Horticultural branch. After harvest, when the disease severity was evaluated by determining the necrotic area of the storage root, the incorporation of fresh aerial tissue (5000 kg 1000 m-2 ) into the soil was considered to be highly effective, with a protective value of 75.4. This result shows that G. carolinianum could be used as a biological agent for the control of soil rot of sweet potato. 相似文献
1000.
3种豆科牧草山地红壤适应性评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在山地红壤中对印尼大绿豆、印度豇豆和白扁豆等3种豆科牧草进行适应性种植评价试验,结果表明印尼大绿豆具有生育期长(201d),鲜草产量高(59774.4kg/hm^2),粗蛋白含量高(16.92%),生长表现良好,饲用价值高特点,便于推广利用。 相似文献