云南小麦品种（系）锈病和赤霉病抗性功能基因的KASP标记检测

利用5个锈病成株期抗性基因的KASP标记Sr2_ger9 3p、Lr34jagger、CSTM4_67G、Lr68-2、VPM_SNP和抗赤霉病基因Fhb1的KASP标记TaHRC-KASP,对云南省育成的42个小麦品种（系）进行检测,旨在筛选出含有目标基因的优异小麦种质,为云南省持久抗病小麦新品种（系）的选育提供材料。结果表明,4个材料含兼抗型成株抗锈病基因Lr34/Yr18/Sr57,频率为9.52%;6个品种（系）含兼抗型成株抗锈病基因Lr67/Yr46/Sr55,频率为14.29%;7个材料含抗慢叶锈病基因Lr68,频率为16.67%;含兼抗型成株抗锈病基因Sr2/Yr30和成株抗叶锈基因Lr37的材料各有1个,频率均为2.38%;未检测出含抗赤霉病基因Fhb1的品种（系）。云麦69、云麦75、云麦56、宜麦1号和宜麦3号等兼有2个成株期抗锈病基因,可作为今后云南持久抗锈病育种的抗源材料。     

Lumbosacral plexus block using a combination of ultrasound-guided lateral pre-iliac and parasacral approaches in cats

ObjectiveTo describe an ultrasound-guided lateral pre-iliac (LPI) and parasacral (PS) approach in feline cadavers (phase I) and compare the perioperative analgesic use and complications in cats administered LPI and PS blocks (group PNB) or epidural anesthesia (group EPI) for pelvic limb surgery (phase II).Study designExperimental uncontrolled, anatomic and retrospective cohort study.AnimalsA group of eight feline cadavers and 52 medical records.MethodsBilateral LPI and PS approaches with 0.1 mL kg^–1 of dye to stain the femoral and obturator nerves and the lumbosacral trunk, respectively, were performed on each cadaver. Nerve staining effect was evaluated upon dissections (phase I). Perioperative analgesics use, and complication rates were retrospectively compared between groups PNB and EPI (phase II). Continuous data were compared using the Mann–Whitney U test and the prevalence of events with Fisher’s exact test. Differences were considered significant when p < 0.05.ResultsDissections revealed that the LPI approach stained 94% and 75% of the femoral and obturator nerves, respectively. The PS approach stained 100% of the lumbosacral trunks. Cats enrolled in group PNB (n = 23) were administered lower doses of intraoperative opioids than those in group EPI (n = 25) (p = 0.006). Intraoperative rescue analgesia was required in 60% and 17.4% of cats enrolled in groups EPI and PNB, respectively (p = 0.003). Group PNB required more intraoperative anticholinergics than group EPI (p = 0.02). There were no differences in postoperative pain scores, analgesic use and complication rates.Conclusions and clinical relevanceThe ultrasound-guided LPI and PS approach stained the femoral/obturator nerves and the lumbosacral trunk, respectively, in feline cadavers. Furthermore, PNB was associated with lower intraoperative opioid use and similar postoperative pain and analgesic use compared with epidural anesthesia in a cohort of cats undergoing surgery of the pelvic limb.     

震动气吸针式精量播种机的性能与应用

为适应园艺农业的发展，在借鉴国外同类播种设备的基础上，开发出一种国产全智能精量播种机。本文介绍了该机的工作过程、主要性能指标及需改进的方向。     

稳流器对摇臂式喷头水力损失影响的数值模拟计算

稳流器是喷头内的主要过流部件,喷头内过流部件的压力损失是评价喷头好坏的指标。利用ANSYS/FLOTRAN有限元分析软件,根据喷头内部流体流态,激活标准K-ε湍流模型,对装有不同型式稳流器的PY130型喷头内部三维流场进行数值模拟。经过建模、分网、加载、计算这一流程,对喷头内流场进行微观化分析,得出速度矢量分布图和压力等值分布图,直观地反映了喷管内部流场紊流程度变化和压力变化并可得出喷头水力损失值,为喷头的优化设计提供合理的依据。     

低水头滴灌过滤器的研制与应用

为解决传统微灌系统中使用的各种过滤装置孔口堵塞及水头损失较大这一问题,设计了几种不同截面型式的开敞式滤网过滤器,其结构有箱式、圆柱体式及棱柱体式三种型式,并分别对其进行水力性能测试。测试结果表明：额定流量为2 m^3/h时,以圆柱体式结构的滤网过滤器水头损失为最小（7.95 cm）;额定流量为5 m^3/h时,以箱形结构的滤网过滤器水头损失为最小（16.93cm）,两者均满足水头损失在30 cm以下的要求。实践应用结果表明,优选的两种开敞式滤网过滤器具有过滤效果好、水头损失小等优点,对于减缓灌水器堵塞、延长系统寿命发挥了重要作用,是适于低水头微灌系统的一种较为理想的过滤装置。     

柴油机气缸盖的三维有限元结构强度分析

针对部分柴油机气缸盖在服役初期出现了不同程度、不同位置的破坏现象，本文采用三维有限元建模对缸盖进行了结构强度分析，计算了气缸盖的温度场、综合应力场，其计算结果和试验结果基本吻合。为柴油机气缸盖改进结构设计提供了理论依据。     

离心泵理论扬程的计算

通过对不同滑移系数计算公式的比较与分析,揭示了滑移系数是离心泵理论扬程计算结果准确与否的关键,提出了对于不同比转数的离心泵滑移系数应采用不同的计算公式。以优秀离心泵为基础,采用回归分析法对离心泵理论扬程的计算进行了修正。计算实例表明:修正后的理论扬程公式计算结果更加准确,为工程实际应用提供了一种较为准确的计算方法。     

微灌用网式过滤器局部水头损失的

在对网式过滤器进行了系统的水力性能试验基础上，分析了堵塞对过滤器局部水头损失的影响，指出过滤器的局部水头损失变化与过滤流量、过滤时间、水源含沙量有关，这些因素主要决定了过滤元件堵塞程度和变化快慢，即有效过水面积减小的频率，从而决定了额外局部水头损失增加的快慢程度。并提出了在含沙水条件下计算局部水头损失的经验关系式，指出过滤器在实际运用中，应保证压降曲线不发生急剧上升，并可以根据不同水质条件，确定其冲洗时的压差允许值和冲洗间隔时间。