液化乙烷船液罐装载极限的提高方法

为了优化液化乙烷船远洋运输能力,根据液化气船液罐装载极限的基本要求和液化乙烷的货品属性,从提高基准温度下货物的对应密度和充装极限两个方面研究了提高液化乙烷船液罐装载极限的方法。将理论计算与液化乙烷船实际数据相结合,分析了BOG的不同回收利用方式对控制乙烷密度的影响;为了使主罐体充装极限达到99.5%,在液罐顶部设置气室,并将液罐压力释放阀安装于气室顶部;同时,对液位测量、温度测量、再液化设备启动压力设定、应急切断响应周期、液罐尺寸等修正裕量系数开展了研究,得出了在满足约束条件下提高装载极限的方法。结果表明:该方法可使得液化乙烷在基准温度下的对应密度、充装极限分别提高6.67%～8.89%、1.5%,可在其他液化乙烷船储运中推广应用。     

液罐车稳定性最优控制仿真

针对重型液罐车在紧急避障或转弯时液体和车体相互耦合作用引发的侧翻危险,用势流理论建立液体晃动控制方程并求解液体晃动力和力矩,结合半挂车刚体模型,将液体晃动模型统一到液罐车整车模型中。在鱼钩工况下,对比分析装载等质量液体和固体在激励作用下对罐车稳定性的影响。在非稳态因素影响下,设计了最优控制策略,并进行TruckSim/Simulink 联合仿真分析。结果表明:最优控制策略提高了车辆的鲁棒性,对增强液罐车的稳定性具有指导意义。     

大型LNG储罐泄漏扩散研究进展

大型LNG 储罐一旦发生泄漏,将会对周边人员和财产构成重大威胁。基于充分调研,分别从理论、试验及数值模拟3 个方面论述了国内外关于LNG 泄漏扩散的研究进展,尤其是近年来国内外在数值模拟方面的突破性研究成果。大型LNG 储罐泄漏后的气体扩散理论模型主要有高斯模型、唯象模型、箱及相似模型、浅层模型;通过LNG 泄漏试验获取了大量基础数据,主要包括气象条件参数、气云、液池燃烧的相关数据;在数值模拟方面,对LNG 泄漏气云扩散开展了大量研究,尤其是针对不同影响因素耦合作用下LNG 的泄漏扩散演变过程、气云变化形态、影响区域、爆炸范围等进行了模拟分析。通过对比分析发现,数值模拟方法具有成本低、精度高、可操性强等优点,既能有效拓展理论和试验研究成果,又能开展复杂工况下LNG 泄漏扩散的研究。对3 种方法的研究趋势进行了预测,提出大型LNG 储罐泄漏扩散的研究还需与接收站实际情况相结合,指出在今后的研究中应以数值模拟研究为主、试验与理论研究为辅。     

Implementation of an easily reconfigurable dynamic simulator for recirculating aquaculture systems

Methodology of Programmable Process Structures has been implemented and applied for the flexible automatic generation and simulation of Recirculating Aquaculture Systems. First, we implemented and validated the model for a pilot unit, based on short time experiments with Common carp (Cyprinus carpio), utilizing data and functionalities from the literature. Afterwards, starting from this model we generated a hypothetical single tank model of simulated increasing volume, to demonstrate how it supports the simplified, preliminary analysis, design and control of the possible multi-stage systems. We showed that the simulation of a single tank with an appropriately increasing volume makes possible to study the various control strategies, as well as to design the structure and the grading strategy of the multi-stage systems, without an increased combinatorial complexity. In the knowledge of the simulated increasing volume, we determined the volumes of subsequent stages by equidistant partitioning of the rearing time, algorithmically. Considering the available (or planned) tank volumes, this method makes possible to design a multi-stage system that approximately corresponds to the previously optimized single tank model. This conclusion was illustrated by the generation and simulation of the model for the respective multi-stage system.     

文本挖掘下的话语认知与构建——以人工智能和5G领域白宫新闻文本为例

[目的/意义]政府新闻文本是政策文本的表达形式之一。对政府新闻文本进行挖掘分析,能直观的展现表面动态,揭示对话事件的立场及其背后关系,能对情报分析工作、中国新型智库的发展建设,提供有效的助力。[方法/过程]文章利用TextRank算法进行核心句提取,并结合批评话语分析理论框架来做评估,以语料驱动从关键句、关键词两个宏观角度讨论政府决策态度,以词性从话语策略的微观角度总结美国官方对人工智能和5G领域的话语认知形象。[结果/结论]通过分析可以看出,美国政府对于人工智能和5G领域的态度将持续保持在“政府引领下的美国需优先”这一局面,面对发展中国家的科技竞争,增加政府政策性文本的指导无疑是最好的对策建议。     

Record keeping,genetic selection,educational experience and farm management effects on average milk yield per cow,milk fat percentage,bacterial score and bulk tank somatic cell count of dairy farms in the Central region of Thailand

A study was conducted to estimate the record keeping, genetic selection, educational, and farm management effects on average milk yield per cow (AYC), milk fat percentage, bacterial score, and bulk tank somatic cell count (BTSCC) of dairy farms in the central region of Thailand. Farms were located in the provinces of Saraburi and Nakhon Ratchisima and were members of the Muaklek dairy cooperative. Records from individual animals were unavailable. Thus, farm records of milk yield, milk fat percentage, bacterial score, and BTCCC were collected from July 1, 2003 through June 30, 2006. Additional record keeping, genetic selection, education, and farm management information was collected through a questionnaire in May of 2006. Data from the Muaklek dairy cooperative and the questionnaire were then merged by a farm identification number. A single trait mixed model was used to analyze AYC, milk fat percentage, and BTSCC, while a log linear model was used to analyze bacterial score. Results showed that farms that kept records on individual animals had higher (P < 0.05) milk fat percentages and lower bacterial scores than farms that did not. Farms that used genetic information (EBV) and phenotypes when selecting sires were higher (P < 0.05) for milk fat percentage than farms that used only phenotypes and personal opinion. Farms milking cows with a single unit milking machine and by hand, had higher (P < 0.05) bacterial scores and BTSCC than farms using only a single or multi unit machine. Overall farms that kept individual animal records, used EBV when selecting sires, used a single method for collecting milk, and used family labor achieved higher performance from their herds than farms that did not.     

Septic shock down-regulates L -arginine /NOS /NO pathway of platelet and aortic intima in rats

AIM: To investigate alteration and cross link of the aortic and platelet endogenous L -arginine/NOS/NO pathway induced by septic shock.METHODS: The septic shock model was made in rats by caecal ligation and puncture. NO^-₂/NO^-₃ production released from aortic and platelet was measured with Greiss assay. NOS activity and L-arginine transport activity were detected by isotope tracer method. RESULTS: Both in early and late stage of septic shock, NO^-₂/NO^-₃ production, NOS activity, and the L-arginine transport from the aorta intima and platelets were obviously decreased, while those of the aorta media and adventitia were obviously increased (P<0.01), but high-affinity L-arginine transport activity from the aorta intima and platelets was increased in early stage of septic shock (P>0.05 and P<0.05), as compared with the sham group, respectively. The inhibitory effects of NO^-₂/NO^-₃, NOS activity and the L-arginine transport showed a positive correlation between platelet and aortic intima (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Septic shock down-regulates endogenous L-arginine/NOS/NO pathway in aortic intima and platelet, up-regulates L-arginine/NOS/NO pathway of aortic media and adventitia. Detection of the alteration of endogenous L-arginine/NOS/NO pathway in platelet might act as an indirect method to assess the endothelial dysfunction involving the pathogensis of septic shock.     

真空多层绝热式啤酒贮罐保温性能的分析计算

真空多层绝热式生啤酒贮罐是一种无需任何制冷装置、结构简单的销售贮酒罐。通过对该结构传热过程的分析和合理假设,将复杂的非稳定传热计算按稳定传热处理。计算结果表明,温度为４℃的啤酒,在环境温度为３７℃的条件下贮存７ｄ,酒温升高不到３℃,该结构型式的贮罐绝热保温效果显著。文中还对影响贮罐绝热保温性能的主要因素,夹套内真空度、绝热层的材质、层数、厚度、热桥材料的选用等进行了分析。     

稳定汽油罐宜选用环舱式钢制内浮盘

选用内浮顶油罐储存轻质油品是降低油品蒸发损耗和减少环境污染的有效措施,对于催化裂化装置生产的半成品稳定汽油,一般含气量大,进罐温度偏高,因而对内浮顶结构形式的选择提出了特殊要求。几种结构的应用情况表明,浅盘式内浮顶主要存在液泛问题,最终导致浮盘沉沉,铝合金内浮顶存在介质中杂质腐蚀问题,也不能有效地避免液泛现象,而环舱式内浮顶可有效地防止大量气体在浮盘软密封处聚集,减少或杜绝了液浮现象,浮盘上部不会