俄罗斯沙棘优良品种引种试验研究

“三北”地区和黄土高原是中国沙棘亚种的分布中心,现已有大面积人工沙棘林,但其果小、刺多,产果量低,采果难。为此,作者于1997－2006年承担水利部“948”沙棘引进项目,以解决该地区沙棘优良品种缺乏问题。通过8年试验研究,引进俄罗斯大果无刺沙棘优良品种、类型40余种,分别在“三北”和黄土高原地区的7个主要试验基地进行引种试验,从中初步筛选出效果较好的9个优良品种、类型。它们生长发育良好,抗性较强,具高产、优质特性,并已开始利用引进的俄罗斯沙棘与当地中国沙棘杂交,培育出第一代杂交种。在引种选育和对俄罗斯沙棘生物生态学特性进行试验研究的基础上,对其良种的集约栽培和繁育做了试验和示范推广工作,产生了良好的生态、经济效益。通过本项目实施,为做好沙棘引种选育工作提供了良种,这对大面积建造高产、优质人工沙棘林和沙棘果园,加速黄土高原和“三北”地区的环境治理、发展地方经济具重要意义。     

精准网络通信理念在智能作物收获机中的应用

为进一步提高作物收获机的智能通信水平,从精准网络理念角度出发对其通信系统展开研究。全面理解智能收获机一站式的集中收获作业机理,考虑车辆运动的非线性特点及收获执行部件(摘辊系统及相连接组件等)运动参数与作物收获破损关系,搭建该类型智能化作物收获机的精准网络通信控制模型,运用数据传感融合核心算法,针对通信系统硬件配置及软件控制驱动进行设计,并进行通信系统应用试验。试验结果表明:收获机速度、高度设定数值与通信装置监测传输误差分别为5.33%、2.12%,执行部件转速、位置设定与通信系统监测传输误差分别为2.57%、7.27%,均控制在7.5%之内,满足收获机的控制与通信精度要求。     

基于光学和超声联合定位的精密播种机导航技术研究

为了提高播种机的自主化作业水平,将光学和超声联合定位方法引入到了播种机导航系统的设计上,通过超声波测距和激光扫描的方法,实现了作业区域的定位和播种机行走路径的规划,从而提高了播种机作业的适应能力,提升了自主作业水平。为了验证方案的可行性,对基于光学和超声联合定位的导航系统进行了实验,并建立了一个有田垄的农田作业环境,展开了播种机的导航实验。结果表明:基于光学和超声联合定位方法可以成功地规划播种机的行驶路径,对无人驾驶播种作业设备的研究具有重要的意义。     

Preventative releases of self-limiting Ceratitis capitata provide pest suppression and protect fruit quality in outdoor netted cages

Abstract

The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, (Medfly) is considered a key pest of citrus fruit in many countries. Integrated pest management (IPM) approaches are frequently highly dependent on the use of insecticides. Oxitec’s self-limiting (prevents the insects’ offspring from surviving to adulthood) Medfly technology (OX3864A) offers an approach to manage Medfly outbreaks and may offer improved sustainability and economics for area-wide programmes. Netted cages were used to evaluate OX3864A deployed for the first time outdoors as a preventative treatment to suppress wild Medfly. Comparative assessments examined sexual competitiveness, the relative performance of OX3864A releases at both adult and pupal life-stages, and the ability of OX3864A to protect against fruit damage. OX3864A males are as competitive as wild males. Deployment of both adult and pupal life-stages of OX3864A effectively reduce Medfly abundance, resulting in elimination of the target pest populations. OX3864A deployment as adults also demonstrated the beneficial attribute of protecting fruit quality to preserve marketable yield. Data for adult and pupal deployment strategies are encouraging for self-limiting technologies targeting Medfly populations and support a broader evaluation of OX3864A Medfly or further improved self-liming Oxitec strains of Medfly in open settings.     

基于AHP-SWMM模型的土地整治工程绩效评估

以明光市土地整治项目为例,通过对土地整治工程的详细了解和深入的调查研究,构建包含工程设计绩效、施工绩效和效益绩效3方面的土地整治工程绩效评估指标体系,采用AHP-SWMM模型对土地整治工程绩效进行评估。结果表明,工程设计、工程施工、工程效益绩效分数分别为76.04、77.09和82.99;综合评价分数为78.27。各指标分数都在良好的范围内,与规划设计保持一致,达到了预期的影响和效益。     

基于SSH框架的人力资源管理系统的设计与实现

针对当前企业人力资源管理业务流程复杂度高、灵活性强的现状,设计并实现了基于WEB的企业人力资源管理系统。系统采用基于J2EE技术的SSH框架来完成用户界面表示、应用业务逻辑和数据访问逻辑的分离,实现了人力资源管理系统的机构与职位规划,人力资源的吸纳、管理与发展,人力资源的价值分配和综合管理等四大管理体系。     

FLUOROSCOPICALLY GUIDED PERCUTANEOUS FINE-NEEDLE ASPIRATION BIOPSY OF THORACIC LESIONS IN DOGS AND CATS

Forty-eight fine-needle aspiration biopsy specimens of intrathoracic lesions were obtained with a Westcott needle by localizing needle placement using TV-monitored, image-amplified fluoroscopy and by detecting changes in tactile sensation. Thiryt-five lesions were pulmonary in origin and 13 were within the mediastinum. Most biospy specimens were obtained with the patients sedated, however, general anesthesia was used in one patient to prevent movement that could have resulted in puncture of a critical structure. The only clinical and radiographic complication from this procedure was pneumothorax, occurring in eight dogs and resulting in one death. Definitive diagnoses were made from tissue obtained from 37 of the 48 lesions sampled for a sensitivity rate of 77.1%. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy was found to be a simple, safe, and accurate diagnostic technique.     

林木种子营养膜精量播种系统分析

从系统工程的角度分析研究了林木种子营养膜精量播种的全过程，提出营养膜精量播种技术的概念，并指出林木种子营养膜精量播种的实现是多学科，多领域共同努力，协同一致的结果。     

精准农业在三江平原的应用研究与探讨

阐述了精准农业技术的组成及实施步骤，结合三江平原农业生产现状分析了实施精准农业的可行性，提出了精准农业在三江平原的应用领域，出三江平原率先实施精准农业技术对于其在垦区乃至全国推广具有借鉴意义。     

A complication probability study for a definitive‐intent,moderately hypofractionated image‐guided intensity‐modulated radiotherapy protocol for anal sac adenocarcinoma in dogs

Previous trials showed the importance of administering radiation therapy (RT) with small doses per fraction in canine pelvic tumours to maintain acceptable toxicity levels. With increased accuracy/precision of RT, namely intensity‐modulated RT (IMRT), this approach might be challenged. Theoretical toxicity calculations for a new definitive‐intent moderately hypofractionated RT protocol for canine anal sac adenocarcinomas (ASAC) were performed, focussing on the risk of toxicity in pelvic organs at risk (OAR). Computed tomography datasets of 18 dogs with stage 3b ASAC were included. Re‐planning with margins for daily image‐guidance/IMRT was performed and a new protocol isoeffective to previously described definitive‐intent protocols was computed. Dose‐volume information were derived from individual plans and used for normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) computations. A 12 × 3.8 Gy protocol was computed for risk estimation. Tumour volumes ranged from 27.9 to 820.4 cm³ (mean 221.3 cm³ ± 188.9). For late rectal toxicity/bleeding ≥grade 2, median risk probability was 2.3% inter quartile range (IQR: 5.9; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2, 8.4) (rho = 0.436) and 3.4% (IQR: 0.96; 95%CI: 3.1, 4.0) (rho = 0.565), respectively. Median late toxicities in urinary bladder, kidneys and small bowel were <1%, except in one kidney. Myelopathy/myelonecrosis had a median risk probability of 4.1% (IQR: 23.5; 95%CI: 2.1, 25.2) (rho = 0.366) and 5.6% (IQR: 13.5; 95%CI: 3.1, 14.1) (rho = 0.363), respectively. However, graded risk showed a probability estimate for late spinal cord toxicity of ≥5% in 8/18 patients. The daily‐imaging IMRT 12 × 3.8 Gy protocol for canine ASAC seems tolerable for most cases, even in advanced disease. Theoretical dose computations serve as estimate, but are safe measures before implementing new protocols into clinical use.