Expression of inflammatory-related factors in porcine anterior pituitary-derived cell line

Recent studies have shown that undifferentiated stem cells act as immunomodulators. To investigate the immunomodulatory function of the progenitor cells of the anterior pituitary gland, we attempted to establish a stem/progenitor cell line from the porcine anterior pituitary gland, and to detail its inflammatory cytokine expression. A cloned cell line from the porcine anterior pituitary gland was established and was designated as the porcine anterior pituitary-derived cell line (PAPC). PAPC expressed the mRNA of Nanog and Oct-4, and showed positive immunoreactivity for beta-catenin and Hes1 in its nucleus. PAPC grew stably by repeated passage and rapidly in the EGF and bFGF containing medium. RT-PCR showed that PAPC expressed mRNA of IL-1alpha, IL-6, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18 and TLR4. PAPC expressed S100alpha and IL-18 protein, which was localized in the marginal epithelial cells of Rathke's pouch. These results suggest that PAPC is a stem/progenitor cell and may regulate anterior pituitary cell function through an immuno-endocrine pathway.     

阉割对公马促性腺激素细胞及血中促性腺激素水平的影响

利用免疫组织化学和形态计测学的方法 ,观察了 7匹公马和 6匹在 1～ 2岁期间被摘除了睾丸的阉割马的脑垂体前叶促性腺激素 (GTH )细胞的数量和面积 ,同时利用放射免疫分析方法检测了血浆中垂体促卵泡激素 (FSH)和垂体促黄体激素 (L H)的水平。结果表明 ,公马阉割后 GTH细胞的数量和在垂体前叶实质细胞中的百分率并没有发生明显改变 ,但 GTH细胞的面积却明显增加 ,血中 GTH水平也明显升高。研究结果提示 ,处在生长发育期的马睾丸可能抑制脑垂体中 GTH细胞的合成与储存 ,也抑制 GTH的释放     

A spontaneously occurring malignant pituicytoma in a male sprague dawley rat

Pituicytoma is an extremely rare neoplasm derived from pituicytes, which are glial cells in the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. A malignant pituicytoma was found in the intracranial cavity of a 55-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rat. Macroscopically, the tumor was located on the sphenoid bone and involved the pituitary gland. The tumor was composed of sheets of fusiform cells with spindle- or pleomorphic-shaped nuclei and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasms. The cells were arranged in a whirling or irregular growth pattern. Some tumor cells were bizarre multinucleated giant cells with cytoplasmic eosinophilic hyaline droplets. Many tumor cells were strongly positive for vimentin and glial fibrillary acidic protein, and some cells were positive for ED-1 and S-100. These findings closely resembled those of a giant cell glioblastoma derived from the pituitary gland, suggesting anaplastic pituicytoma. From our review of the literature, we believe this is the first report of a spontaneous malignant pituicytoma in a rodent.     

长薄鳅脑垂体的组织学和组织化学研究

采用四种染色方法对长薄鳅脑垂体的形态结构和各种激素分泌细胞的分布进行了研究。结果表明：长薄鳅脑垂体由神经垂体和腺垂体构成。腺垂体可分为前外侧部（RPD）、中外侧部（PPD）和垂体中间部（PI）。腺垂体中可分辨出7种激素分泌细胞,其中前外侧部有促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）分泌细胞、催乳激素（PRL）分泌细胞和生长激素（GH）分泌细胞,中外侧部有促性腺激素（GTH）分泌细胞、促甲状腺激素（TSH）分泌细胞和生长激素（GH）分泌细胞,中间部包括促黑色素细胞刺激激素（MSH）分泌细胞和PAS阳性细胞。     

鲤脑垂体匀浆液和人绒毛膜促性腺激_省略_性腺激素及性类固醇激素含量的影响

雄鳗注射５－６次、雌鳗注射９－１０次鲤脑体匀浆液（ＣＰＥ）＋人绒毛膜促性腺激素（ＨＣＧ）能分别诱导精巢和卵巢发育成熟。在雌雄鳗鲡,注射ＣＰＥ＋ＨＣＧ可显著增加端脑、间脑、中脑和下丘脑ｍＧｎＲＨ的含量,而对后脑和延髓ｍＧｎＲＨ的影响较小;注射ＣＰＥ＋ＨＣＧ增加雄鳗后脑和延髓ｃＧｎＲＨ－Ⅱ含量,对雌鳗脑区ｃＧｎＲＨ－Ⅱ则无显著影响。雌雄鳗鲡每次注射ＣＰＥ＋ＨＣＧ后１天,血清促性腺激素（ＧｔＨ）急剧上升     

大鳍鳠脑垂体和血清生长激素水平的季节变化

根据大鳍脑垂体匀浆和血清样品的稀释曲线与鲤生长激素（ｃＧＨ）标准曲线的平行性,采用鲤生长激素的标准品和抗血清（ＲＡＧ）测定了周年中几个不同时期大鳍脑垂体和血清样品的生长激素（ＧＨ）含量,发现脑垂体和血清中的ＧＨ含量均表现出明显的季节变化。脑垂体的ＧＨ含量分别在３月份和８月份出现两个峰。４～７月的繁殖期和１１～１月的越冬期间,脑垂体的ＧＨ含量很低,而且波动不大。受水温和光周期的影响,大鳍血清ＧＨ水平表现为从冬季（１１～１月）到春季（２～４月）逐渐上升,夏季急剧升高,到夏末（７月底）达到最高,一直持续到秋季。大鳍血清ＧＨ含量的变化与生殖周期密切相关,最低的ＧＨ含量出现在性腺静止期,其次为性腺发育期,再次为性腺成熟期,在产卵期急剧升高,最高为性腺退化期。     

Close association of gonadotropin-releasing hormone fibers and gonadotropin, growth hormone, somatolactin and prolactin expressing cells in pejerrey, Odontesthes bonariensis

The purpose of this study was to determine if there is any association between immunoreactive (ir) gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) fibers with different pituitary endocrine cell types in the pejerrey, Odontesthes bonariensis. Using a monoclonal antibody raised against mammalian GnRH (mGnRH) (LRH13), ir-GnRH fibers were observed passing through the pituitary stalk and reaching the three areas of the pituitary gland: rostral (RPD) and proximal pars distalis (PPD) and pars intermedia (PI). Double labeled immunocytochemistry showed ir-GnRH fibers in close association with prolactin (PRL)-producing cells in the RPD, growth hormone (GH)-producing cells in the PPD, gonadotropin (GtH)-producing cells in the PPD and the external border of the PI, and with somatolactin (SL)-producing cells in the PI. Our results show, direct morphological evidences of a close association of GnRH fibers with GH, PRL, GtH and SL-expressing cells. These results would suggest that GnRH has a broad role in the regulation of the secretion of different pituitary hormones.     

羊垂体前叶降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)与P物质(SP)免疫反应神经纤维

应用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法发现羊垂体前叶有降钙素基因相关肽免疫反应神经纤维存在,这些纤维呈串球状分布于结节部及远侧部前２／３区域。纤维形态多样,细长者穿行于腺细胞之间;短小弯曲者围绕于腺细胞周围;反复分支折叠盘曲缠绕成团簇状者将腺细胞成堆的网络其中。神经纤维及串珠与腺细胞关系密切,提示有可能对腺细胞分泌起直接支配作用。在纤维分布区域可见散在的免疫反应细胞,形态不规则,大部分与神经纤维无接触关系,但有少数可位于纤维的网络之中。Ｐ物质免疫反应神经纤维及细胞在羊垂体前叶分布稀疏,且多位于结节部,远侧部很少。     

中华鳖脑垂体的显微与超微结构观察

为了探讨中华鳖脑垂体的组织结构及其季节性变化,采用H.E染色、三色染色和免疫组织化学染色法在光镜下观察中华鳖脑垂体的显微结构,结合电镜对鳖脑垂体进行超微显微观察。结果发现中华鳖脑垂体同样分为神经垂体和腺垂体,但是缺乏中间部。腺垂体包括结节部和远侧部,远侧部可分头叶和尾叶两部分,头叶大于尾叶,神经部很小。腺垂体中的细胞可分为嗜酸性细胞、嗜碱性细胞和嫌色细胞,各类细胞的分布和形态有明显区别。免疫组化染色证明促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)细胞密集分布于结节部,在远侧部也有零星分布;促性腺激素(GTH)细胞和生长激素(GH)细胞数量在繁殖季节明显多于冬季。电镜下根据细胞大小、细胞核的形状和胞质中分泌颗粒特征可将腺垂体中的细胞分为GH细胞、ACTH细胞、GTH细胞、催乳激素(LTH)细胞、促甲状腺激素(TSH)细胞和嫌色细胞。在这些细胞间有明显的细胞连接。细胞形态和数量在繁殖季节和冬季有明显变化。