主动互动：提升医学院校图书馆的服务质量

 

从提升医学院图书馆服务质量的角度，分析了医学院图书馆的互动活动从被动转向主动的必要性，提出了开展主动互动的准则，并对主动互动的方式进行了探讨。

     

新型农村社会交往的影响因素调查分析

通过对青岛市地区范围内农村的问卷调查,对新型农村社会交往的影响因素进行了分析。结果表明,农民的行业选择、信息采用、投资意识及收入增加等都极大地推动了农民社会交往的发展。     

Interaction of NR2D subunit of NMDA receptor with MOCA

AIM: To identify the potential proteins interacting with NR2D subunit of NMDA receptor by yeast two-hybrid screening and to investigate the role of NR2D in excitotoxicity of the retina.METHODS: The Clontech GAL4 yeast two-hybrid system was used to screen the mouse brain cDNA library, and the bait plasmid containing C-terminus of NR2D was constructed. Physical interaction between 2 proteins was verified by co-immunoprecipitation assay. The subcellular localization of 2 proteins in the mouse retina was observed under microscope with immunofluorescence.RESULTS: Modifier of cell adhesion (MOCA) was identified as a new protein interacting with NR2D. MOCA and NR2D were co-expressed in the mouse retina. CONCLUSION: MOCA specifically interacts with NR2D, which provides the experimental basis for identifying the role of glutamate excitotoxicity in the retina neurodegeneration.     

小型猪复合麻醉剂及其特异性颉颃剂交互作用对大鼠不同脑区iNOSmRNA转录的影响

为研究小型猪专用复合麻醉剂（XFM）及其特异性颉颃剂交互应用对大鼠不同脑区iNOS mRNA转录的影响,将48只SD大鼠随机分为生理盐水对照组（C）和XFM与颉颃剂交互作用组（MJ）,MJ组分为早期交互（MJ1、MJ2）和晚期交互（MJ3、MJ4）2个亚组。各组大鼠到达预定时间点后分别采取脑组织,应用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测各组织中iNOS mRNA表达量。结果显示,XFM及其特异性颉颃剂交互应用时,大脑、小脑、海马、脑干和丘脑中iNOS mRNA转录均受到显著抑制（P〈0.01）,虽能逐渐回升,但在试验选取时间点内只有小脑与海马中iNOS mRNA转录恢复正常。结果表明,XFM及其特异性颉颃剂在交互作用时能够显著抑制中枢神经系统中iNOS mRNA的转录,部分脑区可以完全恢复,这可能与XFM及其特异性颉颃剂交互作用机制有关。     

The Ecological Concept of Costs of Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR)

Plant defence is thought to provide benefits for the defended plants. Theoretical concepts must, therefore, explain why there is variation in defensive traits, which naively might be assumed to be present constitutively in fixed high amounts. Explanations are mainly based on the assumption of fitness costs. Investment in defence is thought to reduce the fitness of plants in enemy-free environments. Fitness costs often result from allocation costs, i.e. allocation of limited resources to defence, which then cannot be used for growth or other fitness-relevant processes. This theoretical concept can provide a useful tool for the interpretation of induced plant responses against pathogens, named induced systemic (or systemic acquired) resistance (ISR or SAR). Phenotypic plasticity, leading to induced responses, might have evolved mainly to reduce costs, since investment in defence is restricted to situations actually requiring defence. ISR can incur allocation costs and other, indirect costs, which ultimately may lead to fitness costs. Evolution of any defensive trait depends on both what a plant ideally 'should do and what it actually 'is able to do. Costs of defence constrain its expression. This might have important influences on the evolution of plant defensive traits, as well as on the exploitation of natural defences in agricultural crop protection.     

马铃薯晚疫病菌分子遗传及与寄主互作研究

近年来马铃薯晚疫病的重新暴发再次引起世界各国极大关注,特别对马铃薯晚疫病菌的分子遗传学的研究,包括病菌基因组遗传、转录和物理图谱的构建,病菌致病的分子机制以及马铃薯-马铃薯晚疫病菌互作分子机制等。本文就近几十年来对马铃薯晚疫病菌在生物学和病理学,分子遗传学等研究方面作简要综述,并对其研究趋势进行了展望。     

植物对虫害的系统获得性抗性及抗虫与抗病信号途径间的相互作用

受病原体感染后,植物会获得一种持久广泛的抗性,称为系统获得性抗性,受到昆虫侵害时也会获得类似的系统获得性抗性.植物系统抗虫与抗病信号分子不同,前者是茉莉酸(JA)、甲基茉莉酸(Me-JA)或系统素,而后者是水杨酸(SA).SA介导的系统抗病信号途径与JA等介导的系统抗虫信号途径并非完全独立,而是存在所谓的"交叉对话",但"交叉对话"结果是相互促进还是抑制仍不清楚.植物系统抗性信号及其互作研究无疑会完善植物保护策略.     

Evaluation and analysis of reduction of late blight disease in a diploid potato progeny

The rate of late blight disease was analysed for individuals of a diploid Solanum phureja – Solanum tuberosum dihaploid hybrid population (PD), using three different assessment techniques, in the laboratory, screenhouse, and field. These hybrids expressed low disease rates in the field, comparable to resistance based on intact R genes. However, none of the parents of PD expressed any R genes and the pattern of segregation within the PD population was not indicative of R-gene inheritance. The foliage (or leaflet) area diseased had the largest broad-sense heritability of all criteria analysed, in all tests performed. In the field evaluations, the PD population showed intermediate levels of broad-sense heritability for foliage area diseased, relative to the much larger heritability detected for the group of controls possessing R genes. Resistance in the field of the PD hybrids had very little genotype-environment (G × E) interaction, indicating stability of its expression. All genotypes without R genes exhibited heritable, reduced rates of late blight disease in the field, but they were susceptible with low heritability in screenhouse and laboratory tests. This differential expression of disease indicates that the plants' indirect response to unknown environmental stress in the field may have been measured. The value of the PD hybrids for breeding of late blight resistant potato and the use of the disease rate data for detection of the underlying quantitative trait loci are discussed.     

氮肥对水稻品种-稻瘟菌小种相对寄生适合度的影响

选择具有不同抗病性水稻品种 -稻瘟菌小种组合 ,在室内、田间分别设 7个、3个不同氮肥水平 ,测定不同组合不同氮肥水平下品种 -小种相对寄生适合度 ,方差分析结果表明 ,施氮量对品种小种相对寄生适合度的影响较小。相对寄生适合度可以作为一项较为稳定的参量用于水稻品种与稻瘟病小种互作研究。     

水稻品种与水稻细菌性条斑病菌的互作机制

水稻叶片接种3d后，水稻细菌性条斑病菌开始在叶片上大量增殖；接种10d后，病菌数量开始保持相对的稳定，但感病品种上的菌量比抗病品种上的菌量在10倍左右，病斑在接种后第3d开始出现，接种10d以后，病斑在感病品种上能继续快速发展，而在抗病品种上开始受到抑制，通过对抗病和感病品种叶片上的气孔观测发现，感病品种的气孔密度和气孔长度一般都较抗病品种大，相关分析表明，气孔长度理发师品种抗性相关。接种后对PAL酶的活性测定结果表明，PAL酶的活性与品种抗性呈负相关关系。