Restoration of Gypsicolous Vegetation on Quarry Slopes: Guidance for Hydroseeding under Contrasting Inclination and Aspect

The establishment of gypsicolous vegetation of high conservation value on land impacted by quarrying requires restoration measures to overcome constraints imposed by the new landforms created in the process. The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of three standard hydroseeding methods to restore gypsicolous vegetation on quarry spoil slopes under a dry Mediterranean climate. The treatments were as follows: paper cellulose mulch, paper cellulose mulch + organic blanket, and wood fibre mulch, compared against a control. These treatments were tested on two slopes (10–15% vs 60–65%) and two contrasting aspects (north vs south). We evaluated the cover of all plant species 2·8 years after treatment, assessing both target gypsicolous species and non‐target species. Our results showed strong compositional and cover differences between hydroseeded and control plots. Control plots had a low cover of target species with a vegetation composed of early‐successional species that had the potential to hinder target species establishment over time. All hydroseeding treatments improved target vegetation cover, with wood fibre performing best in most situations studied here, alternatives being the cheaper but less effective paper mulch on shallow slopes, or the more expensive paper mulch + blanket on steep slopes in case of high erosion risk. Shallow and southern‐steep slopes were more suitable for the recovery of gypsum vegetation by hydroseeding, compared to northern‐steep slopes where non‐target species developed more readily outcompeting target species. These results will help to guide management decisions to restore gypsicolous vegetation by hydroseeding in disturbed gypsum habitats. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Classification of pedogenic cementation in Podzols by pocket penetrometry

According to the German Soil Taxonomy, the formation of cemented horizons in Podzols is restricted to the precipitation of iron oxides. However, in iron‐poor sandy substrates, also illuviation of only organic compounds can form cemented horizons with penetration resistances of up to 14 kg cm⁻². We present a reproducible field test for classifying pedogenic cementation in Podzols and suggest considering cemented horizons (Bmh and Bhm) in the upcoming edition of the Guidelines for Soil Mapping.     

马铃薯新品种福克212在南安市种植表现及高产栽培技术

福克212是目前南安市主要种植的优质马铃薯新品种，2011年通过福建省农作物品种审定，具有丰产、熟期早、优质和抗病等特点。主要介绍了福克212在南安市种植表现，总结出其高产栽培技术，为冬种马铃薯生产提供参考。     

秋延迟中小棚芹菜栽培技术

中小棚秋延后芹菜是河南省蔬菜的主要栽培类型,栽培好延后的芹菜需要选用适宜品种,培育壮苗,秧苗基本达到适龄壮苗标准,应及时安排定植,覆盖草苫等不透明覆盖物后,要根据天气状况及时揭盖草苫、苇毛苫,当芹菜植株高达60.0cm以上时,可根据市场需要,选晴暖天气收获上市。     

盆栽竹芋的养护要点及老苗快速复壮技术

针对竹芋对环境因子敏感、栽培技术要求高,易出现叶片生理病害及叶斑病、根茎腐病等病害的情况,介绍了竹芋小苗、大苗期盆栽不同生长时期栽培管理的要点.针对盆花养护与栽培中出现的秋季、冬春季普遍存在大量失去美感的盆栽竹芋老苗,通过大量养护复壮工作,总结了秋季盆栽竹芋适当重剪、夏季高温后盆栽加强遮荫与叶面喷水、长期室内摆放后的老苗适当增光控水迅速复壮技术;春季分盆换土、保湿、保温促新芽萌发的低温冬季后的竹芋盆花彻底复壮技术.     

康氏粉蚧生活习性及防治技术

康氏粉蚧每年在东宁县发生2代,其越冬卵孵化与5月份平均气温有相关性,平均温度越高卵孵化时期越早越集中,化学防治的关键时期是越冬卵孵化盛期,由于其体表被有蜡质,只有采取综合防治措施才能取得较好的防治效果.     

牡丹抑制栽培技术要领

通过对抑制栽培中苗木品质、储藏条件、温控设施、温度、湿度、光照等条件的论述，总结出牡丹抑制栽培过程中需注意的各种技术要领。     

Ein allgemeiner Ansatz zur Quantifizierung des Einflusses der Güte der Sätechnik auf den Flächenertrag

A general approach to determine the effect of accuracy of sowing technique on yield per area
Caused by nonperfect seed placement accuracy of sowing machines as well as by many other abiotic and biotic factors the resulting plant stands exhibit nonregular plant distributions. Based on several simplifying assumptions a stochastic approach provides a quantitative determination of the effects of accuracy of sowing technique on yield per area. In this approach, two random variables are assigned to each individual plant: single plant yield E and single plant area A, which is calculated in this paper by the construction and quadrature of the so-called Thiessen-polygons. The yield per area F is calculated as the expectation of the ratio E/A. By assuming a deterministic mathematical relationship between E and A, the calculation of F reduces to the calculation of the expectation of a function of only one random variable A. A simple approximation with sufficient accuracy for many applications only depends on the mean and on the variance of the areas of the individual plants. For demonstration purposes, the theoretical approaches and results have been finally applied to three data sets for drilled seeds of winter oilseed rape (plant density: 60 plants/m² and distance between rows: 10 cm). These data sets exhibit different accuracies of the longitudinal distributions within rows which have been quantitatively measured by the coefficient of variation for the distances between plants within rows: Yield depression increases with an increasing variability of plant distances within rows.     

金光杏梅品种表现及优质高产栽培技术研究

金光杏梅是河南省新乡市农业局从杏与李的自然杂交后代中选出的优良变异类型，具有较高的栽培推广价值，1999年通过省级鉴定。介绍了金光杏梅的品种表现，从选择壮苗、高标准建园，分季、分批采用不同方法高接，加强土肥水管理，精细整形修剪，合理调整结果量，综合防治病虫害等方面提出了一套优质高产栽培技术规程。     

高职学生英语听力训练的问题与对策

详细阐述了听力训练在高职学生的英语学习中的重要作用以及高职学生在英语听力训练中存在的问题及采用的对策与方法。