口服急性毒性试验中Cry1C蛋白对鼠肠道菌群的影响

利用变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)分析不同ICR(institute of cancer researcch)小鼠在口服急性毒性试验中摄入Cry1C蛋白前后其肠道菌群的变化,进而对该抗虫蛋白的食用安全性进行较为深入的研究.DGGE图谱经UPGAMA聚类分析显示:小鼠间菌群结构存在较明显的个体差异;实验期间,对照组小鼠灌胃前后其菌群基本保持稳定;实验组小鼠试验前后肠道菌群变化差异较对照组明显.随着灌胃的停止其变化差异在经历过高峰后会随着停喂时间的延长而减小,且菌相有逐渐恢复灌胃前结构的趋势.从肠道菌相的角度分析可知:该抗虫Cry1C蛋白对小鼠是基本安全的.     

聚乙二醇（PEG6000）模拟干旱胁迫抑制矮沙冬青种子的萌发

本研究以新疆特有濒危保护植物矮沙冬青（Ammmopiptanthus nanus（M．Pop．）Chengf）的种子为材料,用不同渗透势浓度的聚乙二醇（PEG6000）模拟干旱胁迫,探讨干旱胁迫对矮沙冬青种子发芽率、平均发芽速度、胚轴和胚根长度及发芽指数、活力指数的影响。结果表明,不同浓度PEG胁迫处理均降低了种子的发芽率,延缓了矮沙冬青种了萌发进程;种子的发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数均随胁迫强度的增加呈明显下降趋势。当-1．20MPa的PEG胁迫处理的种子在试验结束时仍未能萌发,表明-1．20MPa是矮沙冬青种子萌发的临界水势。PEG模拟十旱胁迫中,当PEG处理为-0．2MPa时,虽然最终发芽率与对照一样,但其胚根、胚轴的长度都比对照短,说明矮沙冬青胚根、胚轴的生长比发芽率对干旱胁迫更敏感。干旱胁迫可能是导致矮沙冬青种群天然更新能力弱的原因之一。本研究将为矮沙冬青种质资源的保护和种群的恢复提供科学依据。     

Fate of prions in soil: Degradation of recombinant prion in aqueous extracts from soil and casts of two earthworm species

Prions represent the active agent in transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) diseases and can remain infective to mammals even after prolonged periods in soil. The influence of mesofauna on prion dispersal and degradation in soil, however, remains unknown. In this study the effect of earthworms on the retention/dissemination of TSEs in soil was evaluated using a model recombinant prion protein (recPrP) and aqueous extracts from soil and fresh casts of two earthworm species, Lumbricus terrestris and Aporrectodea caliginosa. Our results showed that earthworm gut-derived enzymes did not enhance the degradation of recPrP in comparison to soil, even though non-prion related proteolytic activity was higher in fresh worm excrements than in soil samples. Complete degradation of recPrP occurred in the aqueous extracts from all samples within up to 6 days at +15 °C. The proteolytic enzymes responsible for degrading recPrP were inhibited by aprotinin and leupeptin and studies in pure cultures suggested these were most probably of soil microbial origin.     

Relationship between MAP-2, nestin and development of muscular layer of human embryonic esophagus

AIM: To explore the relationship between microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP-2), nestin and development of esophageal muscular layer in human embryos. METHODS: At the second to fourth month of gestation, the protein expression of MAP-2 and nestin was observed using the PV method of immunohistochemistry in the human embryonic esophageal tissues. RESULTS: At the second month, the third month and the fourth month of gestation, MAP-2 positive expression in the neural cells of the intermuscular nerve plexus, and negative expression in the muscle cells of human embryonic developing esophageal muscle were observed. Nestin positive expression was found in the muscle cells at the second month to the third month of gestation. However, no nestin expression in the muscle cells of the esophageal muscle at the fourth month of gestation was observed. At the second month to the fourth month of gestation, nestin showed negative or weak positive expression in the neural cells of the intermuscular nerve plexus of human embryonic esophageal tissues. CONCLUSION: MAP-2 and nestin might regulate the formation of esophageal muscular layer in human embryos.     

籽粒苋鲜茎叶蛋白质含量及叶蛋白提取效率研究

对Ｋ１１２、Ｒ１０４等８个籽粒苋品种分不同时期进行了鲜茎叶蛋白含量分析和叶蛋白提取试验研究。结果表明，籽粒苋属于高蛋白质含量作物，全生育期叶蛋白含量平均达２８．７６％，采穗后茎叶平均蛋白质含量仍可达１１．１５％，其最佳利用时期为现蕾期至开花期，其中Ｒ１０４、Ｒ１０１１、Ｋ５７４蛋白质含量较高。     

人参设施栽培研究进展

该文归纳总结了设施内部环境对人参生长发育的影响,并对国内外利用设施栽培人参的相关试验结果及文献资料进行汇总,从设施内部环境、设施的结构与材料、设施内环控设备方面阐述了各种因素对人参生长发育的影响,为利用设施栽培人参提供可靠理论依据。     

木薯MePP2CAa基因克隆、表达及蛋白互作分析

为探究2C型蛋白磷酸酶（protein phosphatase 2C， PP2C）在木薯响应非生物胁迫过程中的作用，利用木薯Arg7叶片cDNA扩增MePP2CAa基因，分析该基因序列、启动子活性、不同逆境和激素处理下的表达模式以及与ABA受体PYLs之间的互作关系。序列分析结果显示，MePP2CAa基因全长1 311 bp，编码436个氨基酸，具有PP2C家族的结构域特征，与橡胶树和麻风树的PP2C序列同源性最高，分别为78.95%和74.09%，在C端保守；qRT-PCR分析结果显示，MePP2CAa基因在木薯储藏根中的表达显著高于茎、叶中的表达量；不同逆境和激素处理结果显示，甘露醇、NaCl、ABA、MeJA、低温和SA处理可以显著诱导MePP2CAa基因的表达；MePP2CAa基因启动子序列分析显示，启动子包含ABA应答元件（abscisic acid responsive element，ABRE）、MeJA响应元件、干旱诱导元件等；酵母双杂交结果显示MePP2CAa能够与MePYL1互作。以上结果表明，MePP2CAa基因可能响应木薯的非生物胁迫。     

影响棕色脂肪组织产热活性因素的研究进展

全球性肥胖流行问题愈发严峻,而脂肪组织本身可能是解决这个问题的关键。人和哺乳动物体内存在两种脂肪组织,发挥着截然相反的作用。与白色脂肪组织存储机体过剩的能量不同,棕色脂肪组织中存在独特的解偶联蛋白,能将脂肪酸氧化磷酸化,释放热能,增加能量消耗。因此,通过激活棕色脂肪组织产热,加速体内储存的脂质氧化磷酸化,成为了一种新的预防和治疗肥胖的手段。论文阐述影响棕色脂肪产热活性的因素以及相关机制,旨在为肥胖的治疗提供新的思路和方向。