中国美利奴羊(新疆型)无角类型培育理论依据及测交试验结果

绵羊角的有无是由或主要由一个基因位点（Locus）上的三个等位基因（H、h’、h）所决定。三个等位基因的遗传方式是：H为显性无角基因，对h为完全显性，即Hh基因型均表现无角性状；h为隐性有角基因，即hh基因型均表现有角性状；h，为一个频率很低的基因，对h为不完全显性，即h＇h基因型仍表现为有角性状；但H对h’基因为不完全显性，即Hh’基因型可能出现角痕（角突或角基）。而h’h’基因型公羊表现为小角、发育残缺不全的矫型角，母羊表现为无角。培育无角革的关键是选择使用无角公羊，通过测交试验能确定无角公羊基因的纯合度，从而决定如何使用。     

抗菌肽与抗生素的体外抗菌效果比较

应用由 Hancock实验室改进的微量肉汤稀释法测定了 cecropin P1、cecropin A、magainin 2、defensin 1、bactenecin、lactoferricin和 indolicidin等 7种抗菌肽和盐酸金霉素、去甲万古霉素、土霉素、强力霉素等 4种抗生素的体外抗菌活性 ,并且使用薄层琼脂糖孔穴扩散法比较了抗菌肽中 cecropin P1和 cecropin A与土霉素和呋喃唑酮对大肠杆菌 K88的抑菌效果。结果发现 ,抗菌肽与抗生素一样对几种革兰氏阳性菌和阴性菌都有不同程度的抗菌效果。其中 cecropin A、cecropin P1和 defensin1对大肠杆菌的 2个菌株 ATCC2 5 92 2和 K88的抗菌活性高于抗生素 ,defensin1是各种抗菌肽中对金黄色葡萄球菌抗菌效果最好的。抗生素对试验用金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制活性总体上要好于抗菌肽。与抗生素相比 ,cecropin A、cecropin P1和 indolicidin对猪霍乱沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌具有更好的抗菌效果。另外 ,抗菌肽的抑菌圈边缘十分清晰 ,而抗生素的整个抑菌圈都比较模糊且界线不明。因此 ,从抗菌效果方面考虑 ,抗菌肽可以代替抗生素用于疾病的预防和治疗     

川东鸭茅的生产试验研究

在影响川东鸭茅种子产量的诸多因素中，播种量和行距是主要因素之一。本试验采用的行距是30、60、90cm，10m^2小区的播种量分别为10、15、20g，进行2因子9处理3重复的生产试验。结果表明，组合A2B3的种子产量最高，达799g／10m^2,极显著高于其它组合。因此，建议种植川东鸭茅采用行距90cm、播种量0．67kg／667m^2。     

赤羽病微量病毒中和试验诊断方法的研究

应用引自日本的赤羽病病毒，制备了微量病毒中和试验抗原和高免阳性血清，建立了赤羽病微量病毒中和试验诊断方法，应用此方法对广东省７２４头牛血清进行了检查，阳性率为３５．３％，对上海６６５头牛血清作了检查，阳性率为６７．７％，说明这些地区曾流行过赤羽病，同时对澳大利亚当地牛１０８头进行检查，阳性率为５５．５％，与外报道一致。对澳大利亚、加拿大，美国进口牛１７３头的检查结果，全部阴性，对澳大利亚进口羊９９２头的检查结果，发现阳性１头，已得到澳方认可。     

关于水稻机插秧技术在泰和县试验示范的探讨

介绍了江西省泰和县进行水稻机插秧技术与手工插秧对比试验。对不同农艺的经济效益和不同育秧方式的适应性进行了分析，并指出了目前技术措施存在的不足之处。     

数字滤波技术在汽车碰撞试验中的应用研究

为了使开发的汽车碰撞试验系统的数据处理结果满足CMVDR 294法规要求，研究了汽车碰撞试验数据处理过程中的关键技术．根据汽车碰撞试验的具体要求改进了数字滤波器的设计过程，并应用Matlab进行了不同频率的幅频特性仿真分析，提出了一种能够简化设计过程、提高计算精确性的数字滤波器设计方法，并根据该方法在LabVIEW平台上开发了满足法规要求的数字滤波器．同时，通过对大量的碰撞试验数据进行分析处理，验证了该数字滤波器能够有效屏蔽原始数据中的噪声与高频分量，幅值不失真．     

The intravenous bile Acid loading test in the goat: determination of a procedural protocol and reference values

An intravenous bile acid loading test was performed on 16 goats using various dosages and sampling protocols. A recently developed enzymatic bile acid assay provided an economical and technologically simple method for bile acid analysis. Intravenous injection of bile salts into goats was well tolerated. Clearance times were rapid. A protocol for performance of the test was suggested and a practical reference range for T 1/2 clearance of 4+/-1 minute was determined. Further investigations of this test in the assessment of liver function in the ruminant appear warranted.     

An investigation into the basic virus-antibody neutralization reaction, with special regard to the reaction in the constant-virus/varying-serum neutralization test.

A study of the basic reaction in neutralization of virus (V) by virus-neutralizing antibody (VNA) was performed with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus and serum collected from naturally and experimentally infected cattle after the primary immunization phase. In constant-virus/varying-serum neutralization tests a direct proportionality between VNA titer and length of preincubation was observed and found to be in accordance with basic laws of neutralization. A deviation from this direct proportionality, which was partly attributed to the presence of a dissociable V-VNA complex, was seen with relatively short preincubation. Expressing a relationship between VNA titer, length of preincubation, and virus dose under conditions where a dissociable V-VNA complex can be ignored, a log. VNA/log. V equivalence factor of neutralization was introduced. A linear relationship was found between VNA titer, taken logarithmically, and preincubation temperature. A rise in temperature by 10°C gave an increase in VNA titer of approx. 1.2 in log₂. Formulae are presented for the neutralization rate factor corrected for a demonstrated invalidity of the percentage law, and for the relation between the neutralization rate factor and VNA titer. It is concluded that the results presented have elucidated the possibilities of improving the sensitivity of neutralization tests.     

H5亚型禽流感灭活疫苗免疫后鸡血凝抑制抗体动态变化观察

选择国家指定的两个厂家生产的禽流感灭活疫苗(H5亚型,N28株)进行无母源抗体来航鸡的免疫试验.通过鸡免疫后血凝抑制(HI)抗体的动态性检测,对两个疫苗的免疫效果进行了观察.研究结果表明,两个疫苗均具有良好的免疫效果,但也存在一定程度的差异;加强免疫可以明显提高抗体水平,延长免疫保护时间.     

Evidence that a Leaf-Disk Test Allows Assessment of Isolate-Specific Resistance in Brassica oleracea Crops Against Downy Mildew (Peronospora parasitica)

A rapid resistance/susceptibility test for Peronospora parasitica (downy mildew) was established by inoculating leaf-disks of four Brassica oleracea accessions. Several conditions were tested: disk disinfection or not, agar medium with or without nutrients and with 50 or 100 ppm of benzimidazole. Using disinfected disks placed on agar (no nutrient and benzimidazole at 50 or 100 ppm), the responses of leaf-disks to four isolates were similar to those obtained using the classical cotyledon test, whereas undesired contaminations occurred in all other conditions. The possible effect of the particular leaf used for obtaining the disks was also studied. In each incompatible interaction tested, disks were resistant whatever the leaf used. In compatible interactions, susceptible phenotypes were observed on disks derived from the six lowest leaves, but disks from upper leaves were resistant. The genetic basis of resistance in a F1 hybrid broccoli was assessed, by testing six isolates on an F2 population derived from this hybrid. The cotyledon test only allows inoculation of two isolates per seedling, whereas many isolates can be tested on each plant by using leaf-disks. The segregation of the resistance to each of the six isolates was analysed: two dominant genes (tightly linked) control resistance to all isolates (one to five isolates; the other to only one isolate).