玉米淀粉-辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉酯制备亚麻油微胶囊

为了降低生产成本,本文用价格低廉的天然蜡质玉米淀粉（NWMS）替代部分的辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉酯(OSAS)作为壁材,用高速剪切法处理乳液,经喷雾干燥后制备亚麻油微胶囊。将OSAS与NWMS按照5∶0、4∶1、3∶2和 2∶3（OSAS∶NWMS）的比例混合,试验结果表明,混合比例对于微胶囊颗粒的粒度没有显著影响;随着OSAS含量的增加,包埋率逐渐增大,当OSAS与NWMS混合比例为3∶2时,包埋率达到61.45%;随着NWMS含量的增加,微胶囊的含水率增大,表面变得更为光滑。NWMS可与OSAS混合作为亚麻油微胶囊的壁材,以达到降低成本的目的。     

Essential oils content and antioxidant properties of peel ethanol extract in 18 lemon cultivars

Composition of essential oils and antioxidant activity of peel ethanol extract were analyzed in 18 local lemon cultivars. Essential oils composition was determined by GC/FID analysis, and antioxidant activity with the ABTS method. Fruit weight, polar and equatorial diameters, peel thickness, seed number, juice percentage, titratable acidity and juice pH were also determined for each cultivar. The main component in the peel essential oil was limonene, accounting for 72.5–76.4%, followed by β-pinene (11.6–18.7%). Several other monoterpene hydrocarbons were also identified at appreciable contents, namely terpinene (2.88–8.26%), α-pinene (1.4–1.5%) and myrcene (0.95–1.12%). No clear relationship could be shown between the antioxidant activity and the essential oil composition of the extracts. In this study, cultivars with higher essential oil content and antioxidant activity were identified. Data were subjected to analysis of variance using ANOVA and means were compared by the Duncan test.     

Regulation of growth, fatty acid composition and delta 6 desaturase expression by dietary lipids in gilthead seabream larvae (Sparus aurata)

The Δ6 and Δ5 desaturases and elongases show only very limited activity in marine fish, and little is known of the possibility of enhancing Δ6 desaturase gene expression in these fish. The use of plant oils in marine fish diets is limited by their lack of n−3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) despite an abundant content of the 18C fatty acid precursor linoleic and α-linolenic acids. The objective of the present study was to determine the ability of larval gilthead seabream to utilize vegetable oils and assess the nutritional regulation of Δ6 desaturase gene expression. Seventeen-day-old gilthead seabream larvae were fed during a 17-day period with one of four different microdiets formulated with either sardine fish oil (FO), soybean, rapeseed or linseed oils, respectively, or a fifth diet containing defatted squid meal and linseed oil. Good larval survival and growth, both in terms of total length and body weight, were obtained by feeding the larvae either rapeseed, soybean or linseed oils. The presence of vegetable oils in the diet increased the levels of 20:2n−9 and 20:2n−6, 18:2n−9, 18:3n−6, 20:3n−6 and 20:4n−6, in larvae fed rapeseed and soybean oils in comparison to those fed FO. In addition, a sixfold increase in the relative expression of Δ6 desaturase-like gene was found in larvae fed rapeseed and soybean oils, denoting the nutritional regulation of desaturase activity through its gene expression in this fish species. However, feeding linseed oil did not increase the expression of the Δ6 desaturase gene to such a high extent.     

猴头菌培养及提取工艺的研究

本文对猴头菌培养条件包括营养，温度，水份等以及提取工艺进行了研究。采取三级培养，固体发醇后提取浸膏，生产工艺简便。浸膏特征反应明显，且各种理化指标符合《中国药典》（１９９０）煎膏剂通则的要求。猴头菌Ｈｅｒｉｃｉｕｍ ｅｉｎａｃｅｕｓ近年来已有很多厂家利用菌丝体提取物，制成各种剂型的药物，用于治疗十二指肠溃疡病，胃窦炎，慢性胃炎，胃闷胀，胃痛等病，是一种治疗消化道疾病具有明显疗效的真菌药物。对此，我     

我国粮油储藏标准体系的发展状况与研究

通过调研发达国家粮油储藏技术标准体系状况，依照我国有关政策、法规和标准，研究了我国粮油储藏标准体系构建的原则和目标，运用系统科学的理论和方法，制定了我国粮油储藏标准体系的框架，编制了粮油储藏标准体系表。     

冰葡萄酒生产及其在我国的发展

生产冰酒的关键是原料,葡萄必须在自然条件下冰冻在葡萄藤上,采摘温度控制在-15℃￣-8℃。真正的冰葡萄酒来自于优质葡萄品种,并用独特的生产工艺酿制。冰酒在国际市场上是珍品,是一个极具开发潜力的产业,在我国刚刚起步,随着基地建设和成熟配套技术的推广,将具有更大的市场和发展。     

柿饼的家庭制作工艺研究

以新鲜的柿子为原料,经削皮、日晒、熏硫、堆捂等工艺,可生产出一种香甜、耐嚼及具有营养和药用价值的柿饼。     

Craft Orbit Selection by Knowledge Based Neural Network

There are more than one measure devices during the craft launching proceeding, reliable craft orbit measurement selection is important for launching monitor and safety control. This paper proposes a novel orbit selection method by knowledge based neural network, which combines the human knowledge and orbit samples based training together. The false spur orbit data are deleted according the data continuity rule at first, then the difference between orbit data is computed, and at last a neural network is trained to test reliability of each data and select the orbit with high precision among all orbit data. Simulations and experiments show the efficiency and reliability of our method.     

Yield performance of interspecific F1 hybrids of the greek mountain tea, Sideritis spp. L.

Interspecific F₁ hybrids were produced after artificial intercrossing of six Sideritis species indigenous to Greece, namely: S. athoa, S. euboea, S. syriaca, S. raeseri, S. scardica, S. clandestina and a cultivated clone of S. raeseri. It was found that all species cross with each other, but the level of crossability varied with the cross-combination. In the yield evaluation experiments, the interspecific hybrids with a common female parent were considered as a group. It was observed that yield during the year of establishment was relatively low, but the interspecific hybrids out-yielded the control in both fresh and dry weight. All hybrids produced higher yields in the following years and their productivity started to decline after the fifth year. All hybrids produced higher yields than the control in all six years of the experiment. The highest yield over the years, in fresh and dry weight, was produced by the group Sideritis raeseri cultivated clone (cc) ×Sideritis spp. This yield, however, was not always significantly different from the yield produced by the second in the rank group (S. clandestina×Sideritis spp.). A high correlation (r > 0.99) between fresh and dry weight was observed. The two groups with the highest yield also had the highest essential oil content. In addition, all the interspecific hybrids had a higher essential oil content than the control species. Furthermore, the essential oil content of the selected individual hybrid plants ranged between the midparental value to a value higher than the high-parental species, indicating an additive and dominance gene action. It was also found that the content of the essential oil in the seven most important components (pinene, lemonene, cynene, menthone, copaene, caryophyllene and valerianic ester) varied from hybrid to hybrid. Given that Sideritis reproduces mainly asexually, the direct use of individual interspecific hybrids with higher yield and content in essential oil than the control species is possible in cultivation.     

香菜挥发油GC/MS测定

对香菜茎叶及根经水蒸汽蒸馏--萃取得到的挥发油进行气相色谱/质谱(GC/MS)分析.其中香菜茎叶中主要成分有:壬烷、癸烷、癸醛、十一醛、环癸烷、十二醛、2-十一烯醛、2-癸烯-1-醇、十三醛、十四醛等,香菜根挥发油中主要成分有:壬烷、辛醛、癸醛、环癸烷、十-醛、十二醛、十四醛等.