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Iñigo Loureiro María Concepción Escorial María Cristina Chueca 《Pest management science》2023,79(6):2247-2254
BACKGROUND
Cultivated bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) spontaneously hybridizes with wild/weedy related Aegilops populations, but little is known about the actual rates at which this hybridization occurs under field conditions. It is very important to provide reliable empirical data on this phenomenon in order to assess the potential crop–wild introgression, especially in the context of conducting risk assessments for the commercialization of genetically modified (GM) wheat, as gene flow from wheat to Aegilops species could transfer into the wild species genes coding for traits such as resistance to herbicides, insects, diseases or environmental stresses.RESULTS
The spontaneous hybridization rates between wheat and A. geniculata and A. triuncialis, which are very abundant in the Mediterranean area, have been estimated for the first time in the northern part of the Meseta Central, the great central plateau which includes the largest area of wheat cultivation in Spain. Hybridization rates averaged 0.12% and 0.008% for A. geniculata and A. triuncialis, respectively. Hybrids were found in 26% of A. geniculata and 5% of A. triuncialis populations, at rates that can be ≤3.6% for A. geniculata and 0.24% for A. triuncialis.CONCLUSION
The detection of Aegilops spp.–wheat hybrids in Aegilops populations indicates that gene flow can occur, although wheat is considered a crop with a low-to-medium risk for transgene escape. These data on field hybridization rates are essential for GM wheat risk assessment purposes. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry. 相似文献33.
资源材料保存在作物遗传资源的研究与利用中起到非常重要的作用。该实验以不同来源的人工合成甘蓝型油菜KH106,KH109,KH111D为材料,以花序轴,子房,果柄为外植体研究其再生情况,结果表明,由芥蓝和小白菜人工合成的甘蓝型油菜KH106的再生频率极显著高于由羽衣甘蓝和白菜型油菜人工合成的甘蓝型油菜KH109和KH111;与花序轴和子房为外植体再生频率相比,以果柄为外植体平均再生频率最高,差异达到极显著水平;利用不同预处理培养基处理不同时间,结果显示不经过预处理直接接种到分化培养基上再生频率最高。 相似文献
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Li Xiaofei Han Yingchun Wang Guoping Wang Zhanbiao Feng Lu Yang Beifang Fan Zhengyi Lei Yaping Xiong Shiwu Xing Fangfang Li Yabing 《棉花学报》2013,32(5):472-482
Cotton-based intercropping systems are one of modern agriculture farming systems aiming at improving overall economic profitability of cotton field, which not only release the competition for land between other crops and cotton and increase growing area and yield of both crops, but also represent a mechanistic approach to reconciling crop production and biodiversity conservation. Recently, cotton-based intercropping systems have been widely focused and applied. Here, we reviewed the potential of cotton-based intercropping systems to reinforce agroecosystem services and functioning, including promoted plant biodiversity, improved overall productivity and economic profits, increased light use efficiency, improved cotton quality, reduced pest and disease occurrence, and suppressed weed growth. Further, the underlying mechanisms behind the enhancement of agroecosystem services and functioning by cotton-based intercropping systems through niche complementarity, interspecific facilitation, and allelopathy between intercropped species were summarized in the paper. Finally, the research prospects were also pointed out. 相似文献
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Correlation of molecular markers and biological properties in Verticillium dahliae and the possible origins of some isolates 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A. Collins J. Mercado-Blanco R. M. Jiménez-Díaz C. Olivares E. Clewes D. J. Barbara † 《Plant pathology》2005,54(4):549-557
Haploid and amphihaploid Verticillium dahliae isolates were studied using PCR-based molecular markers which: (i) discriminate the defoliating and nondefoliating pathotypes (two primer pairs INTD2f/r and INTND2f/r), and (ii) are species-specific (primer pair 19/22). The results were compared with some known biological and other molecular properties of the isolates. Five discrete sequences of the 19/22 amplicon were found. Sequence 4 was associated with both defoliating isolates from Spain and nondefoliating isolates from Spain and USA; these pathotypes were separated by the primer pairs INTD2f/r and INTND2f/r, but the data showed that the primer espdef01 (derived from the 19/22 amplicon) cannot be used for this purpose. Amplicon sizes and sequences with primers 19/22 divided amphihaploid isolates from crucifers (thought to be interspecific hybrids) into those corresponding to the previously reported α and β groups. The β-group isolates had either sequence 4 or 5 (these two differing by a single base). The distinct amplicon sequence 3 given by the α-group isolates demonstrated that the V. dahliae -like 'parent' of this group was molecularly unlike any haploid isolate yet studied. The overall results are discussed in relation to phytosanitary considerations and the probability of defoliating or crucifer pathotypes arising de novo within Europe, either by selection or by interspecific hybridizations. 相似文献
38.
Inducible responses in plants against pathogen attack play a major role in resistance to disease. The defense responses are
mostly associated with the expression of various kinds of inducible genes. We employed differential hybridization to isolate
elicitor-inducible genes (EIGs) of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun NN) using the tobacco-fungal elicitor system. A cDNA library was constructed from tobacco leaves treated for 12
hr with hyphal wall components (HWC) prepared from Phytophthora infestans, and six EIGs were identified. Expression of all EIGs was induced after inoculation with the soybean pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea (nonpathogenic on tobacco) or treatment with salicylic acid, and a variety of expression patterns of EIG mRNAs was observed.
Sequence analysis of EIG cDNAs revealed similarities to genes for SAR8.2 (EIG-B39 and EIG-D14), glycine-rich protein (EIG-G7), extensin (EIG-I30), acyltransferase (EIG-I24) and unknown protein (EIG-J7). Possible roles of EIG products in disease resistance are discussed.
Received 30 August 2000/ Accepted in revised form 30 November 2000 相似文献
39.
A male specific bovine DNA fragment was used as probe to determine the sex of bovine interphase cells by in situ hybridization. This method also proved useful for determining the sex of bovine embryos. 相似文献
40.
Abstract We examined 12 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded feline skin tumours which had the histopathological features of fibropapillomas for the presence of papillomavirus (PV) DNA using touchdown polymerase chain recation (PCR), DNA sequencing and nonradioactive in situ hybridization. Nine of the tumours contained a 102-bp PCR product demonstrated using consensus PV primers that amplify a portion of the L1 gene. The nucleotide sequences are closely related, but not identical to that of ovine PV type 2, rabbit oral PV and reindeer PV. The deduced amino acid sequences had strong homologies with the major capsid protein L1 of deer PV, bovine papillomavirus (BPV) 1 and BPV 2, and European elk PV. Although PV antigens were not detected in any of the tumours by immunohistochemistry, PV DNA was demonstrated in individual mesenchymal cells or cell nests of 4/12 tumours by in situ hybridization. A nonproductive infection of mesenchymal fibroblast-like tumour cells with a papillomavirus would explain the lack of PV antigen expression and the absence of PV DNA in the hyperplastic epithelium. Because these tumours and their pathogenesis are similar to equine sarcoids, we suggest that they should be reclassified as 'feline sarcoids' instead of fibropapillomas. 相似文献