红河州引进的柚木种源特点及改良发展

介绍国内外柚木遗传改良工作的基本情况,分析了柚木原产地及云南引进的柚木种源特点。对红河州引进保存的来自世界柚木分布区8个引种国家126个种源的试验情况进行了评价。依据柚木的生态学特性、发展前景及红河州的自然特点,提出了柚木的改良目标、方向、策略、途径及程序,提出柚木应适地、适树、适种源,因地制宜地加以集约栽培,柚木人工林的经济效益才会最大,才能在适宜栽培范围内得到发展。     

竹炭性能的研究进展

文章主要根据目前国内的竹炭研究进展的状况．综述了竹炭吸附性能、竹炭导电性能、竹炭改良土壤的性能、竹炭的负离子功效和竹炭的远红外功效的研究进展。     

南京中山陵风景区常绿阔叶树种引进及风景林林相改造技术的研究

根据中山陵风景名胜区森林景观建设的需求和遭受松材线虫病危害，严重影响着森林景观的现状，在遭受松材线虫病危害的松林及杂阔林内应用“林下补阔技术”，引进了若槠、香樟、石楠、大叶女贞、木荷、海桐、乐昌含笑和深山含笑等常绿阔叶树种，进行常绿阔叶树与松树、常绿阔叶树与落叶阔叶树异龄复层混交，以形成较稳定的含常绿树种成分的复层混交森林群落，增加树种的多样性，丰富森林绿景，改善林相结构，进一步提高森林生态系统的稳定性和景观质量。并为风景林林相改造研究出了常绿阔叶树种深山含笑、乐晶含笑异地扩大繁殖播种育苗技术，为林相改造提供了造林新树种。     

成都地区巨桉引种栽培初步研究

成都市1999年开始引种巨桉,目前栽植面积达2000hm2;但由于林地土壤条件不同,多为种子繁殖苗木造林,加之经营措施粗放,林分生长差异较大。本文通过对成都地区引种栽培的巨桉人工林生长情况及立地条件调查,提出了影响巨桉林生长的主要立地因子为土壤酸减性、土层厚度和土壤肥力。成都发展巨桉短轮伐期工业原料林,应选择在平原区,海拔800m以下的低山丘陵区,并且土层厚度在40cm以上的酸性至中性土壤立地条件。在土层深厚肥沃、地势平缓、立地条件好的造林地,造林株行距可采用2m×4m。对个体分化严重的人工林,应从抚育间伐、去劣留优和增施有机肥、培肥地力等方面改良群体结构和生长环境,提高单位面积蓄积量。     

天台黄山松种子园土壤肥力评价与改良措施

分析结果表明，天台华顶林场黄山松种子园土壤肥力平均水平中等偏下，尤其是有机质和的含量偏低，而氮的含量与针叶叶绿素的含量密切相关，为促进黄山松植株的生长，该种子园在加强水平带整修，开好竹节沟保水保土的同时，应着重套种绿肥，增施土杂肥，施化肥则以Ｎ．Ｐ．Ｋ混合肥或复合肥为好。     

昆明金殿国家森林公园双乳山景区森林景观改造

针对昆明金殿国家森林公园双乳山景区针叶树多、阔叶树少 ,树种单一的现状 ,根据景区功能 ,有针对性地选择乡土阔叶树种和其它一些有特色的园林植物 ,对景区景观进行改造 ,以改变现有森林的树种结构 ,提高森林景观的观赏价值 ,吸引更多游客前来旅游休闲     

Foresters' beliefs about farmers: a priority for social science research in social forestry

This study suggests that one of the most productive (and most neglected) uses of social science research in forestry development projects is to examine foresters' beliefs regarding rural peoples. This suggestion is illustrated with data from the Forestry Planning and Development Project, Pakistan's first nation-wide social forestry project.The operational component of this project, intended to assist small farmers to cultivate trees on their farmlands, ran into immediate difficulties. Many of the foresters involved insisted that small farmers were simply not interested in tree cultivation. A comprehensive base-line study subsequently was carried out to examine the validity of this belief. The results of this study (confirmed by the subsequent experience with the project in the field) varied markedly from the foresters' beliefs.While many of the foresters believed small farmers were opposed to having trees on their farms and would not agree to plant trees under the project, most farmers already had trees on their farms and expressed interest in planting more; while many foresters believed farmers would only be interested in planting large blocks of market-oriented exotics, most farmers requested small plantings of multi-purpose native trees; while many foresters believed farmers would plant trees only for market sale, most farmers requested trees to meet household needs for fuel and timber; and while many foresters did not think that increasing supplies of fuelwood could reduce the burning of dung, all of the evidence provided by the farmers suggested that it would.The disparity between farmer reality and forester belief is attributed to failures on the part of both foresters and social scientists — failure by foresters to distinguish their non-empirical beliefs about farmers from their empirically-based knowledge of trees, and failure by social scientists to recognize the belief systems of foresters as a legitimate and important object of study. Their study comprises three parts: finding out what the foresters think the farmers want, finding out from the farmers what they actually want, and then analyzing and explaining the differences.     

速生人工林桉树木材材色处理初步研究

试验用漂白剂、酸性染料和其他化学药剂,采用单纯漂白、单纯染色、先漂白再染色和化学着色等4种不同的方案对人工林桉树木材进行材色改良处理研究.结果发现:单纯漂白可获得一定的材色改良效果;硫化物类、过硫酸铵类的药剂配方漂白效果不明显;硼氢化钠类的药剂配方可得到一定的漂白效果;双氧水类、次氯酸钠类的药剂配方可得到很好的漂白效果.单纯染色比较难获得好的材色处理效果.采用先漂白后染色的方法,获得的材色过于鲜艳.采用化学着色的方法,可获得较理想的材色改良效果;草酸类药剂配方着色效果明显,可消除材色缺陷,根据不同的配方和处理工艺可获得从浅粉红色到红棕色的色调;用双氧水做活性剂,引入带发色团的化学药剂,材色改良效果明显,通过调整配方药品的浓度和处理工艺可获得从浅黄色到橙黄色的不同色调和较佳的材质.     

枫香木材改性利用研究

采取清水浸泡、药物蒸煮、干燥和ＰＣ树脂浸渍处理等措施，对易裂难干、易发生翘曲变形、使用价值较低的枫香木材进行改性处理，可以显著降低其干缩差异，减少翘曲变形，实现均匀干燥．从而大大改善其加工性能和耐腐程度，提高利用价值．实践证明，以浸泡时间为６个月，蒸煮时间为４８ｈ，药量配比为１号药液：２号药液＝０．５％：１．５％进行改性处理的效果最为理想．