磁流体密封液下泵结构设计与试验

为了解决输送核原料的液下泵工作过程中存在无色剧毒氟化氢气体溢出的问题,在此类液下泵的主轴上选取磁流体为密封材料,应用磁流体密封技术,设计了一套采用螺旋齿的磁流体密封结构,并推导出了密封压差设计公式．通过理论分析和试验研究,讨论了液下泵在液体工作环境下的转速、温度、磁流体体积、密封间隙和磁场强度对磁流体密封承压能力的影响．结果表明,设置在液下泵上的磁流体密封结构的承压能力随着转速、温度和密封间隙的增大而下降;随着磁场强度的升高而增大,且密封承压能力试验值最大可达8×10^5Pa;随着磁流体体积的增大而增大,但是当磁流体体积超过一定的临界值后,磁流体密封的承压能力将不再随着磁流体体积的改变而改变,仅仅保持在某一恒定值．该磁流体密封结构的密封方法将会有效地解决输送核原料的液下泵中害氟化氢气体泄漏的问题．     

食品级过氧化氢对染菌虾仁杀菌效果研究

就新型杀菌技术-过氧化氢杀菌在虾仁加工过程中的应用进行了初步探讨。结果表明:过氧化氢对虾仁的适宜作用条件为:有效过氧化氢浓度1·27g·L-1,作用时间为2min,浸泡液与样品的比例为2:1或浸没样品。过氧化氢溶液受温度影响较大,溶液于低温下放置,随放置时间的延长,有效过氧化氢浓度逐渐降低,操作过程宜在低温条件下进行。过氧化氢溶液处理后的样品宜进行适度的水洗处理,以便去除大量残留在虾仁表面的过氧化氢,同时可以阻止残留过氧化氢对虾仁有机质成分的进一步氧化。     

Grafting and calcium cyanamide as alternatives to methyl bromide for greenhouse eggplant production

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) seedlings (cv. Tsakoniki) were cultivated in soil artificially infested with V. dahliae Kleb. and then sterilized by either methyl bromide (MB) or calcium cyanamide. Grafted seedlings on the wild species Solanum torvum Sw. and the control seedlings (auto-rooted) were cultivated in soil sterilized by MB and then artificially infested with V. dahliae. The plants grafted on S. torvum and the ones grown in soil treated with calcium cyanamide (2001) exhibited significantly lower leaf symptom index (average value LSI = 1.55 and LSI = 1.00) and disease index (average value DI = 2.05 and DI = 1.20), respectively, as compared to the controls (average value LSI = 3.80 and DI = 5.50). Grafted plants on S. torvum and plants grown in soil treated with calcium cyanamide (2001) were more vigorous, as measured by plant height, stem diameter and root biomass than the controls. This resulted in an increased (over years) early (487.8% and 416.2%, 2001) and late production (277.0% and 241.3%, 2001) and mean fruit weight (over years) in early (93.7% and 49.6%, 2001) and late production (38.3% and 22.8%, 2001) as compared to the controls. In conclusion, grafting of eggplant and soil sterilized by calcium cyanamide had positive effects on growth, production and Verticillium wilt control.     

氢原子在Si（111）—7＊7表面上吸附与脱附的模拟分析

本文根据Ｓｉ（１１１）－７×７表面结构的ＤＡＳ模型，从微观上分析了氢原子在这种表面上的吸附与脱附行为，揭示了二级脱附的指数前因子与温度的关系，对不同的表面初始覆盖度，导出了新的脱附方程，在计算机上用这个方程进行模拟，得到了与实验结果一致的模拟脱附谱。     

含钨的多元复合析氢电极

用复合镀法制得Ｎｉ－Ｗ－ＷＣ－ＷＯ３复合电极，在０．５ｍｏｌ／ＬＨ２ＳＯ４中的氢超电势比软钢降低２８０ｍＶ，ｉ０提高三个数量级，电极表面粗糙度为Ｎｉ电极的三倍。在３００ｍＡ／ｃｍ＾２的大电流密度下，进行的长期恒电流电解试验表明电极性能稳定。ＸＰＳ分析证明电极表面主要成分为Ｎｉ，Ｗ，ＷＣ，ＷＯ３等。     

Characterization of the sorption of an anthranilate fungicide in soil using thermal analytical and mineralogical techniques

The sorption of pesticides to soil particles has implications for their distribution and fate in the soil environment. A batch equilibrium technique was used to investigate sorption of the fungicide AEC623892 to intact and hydrogen-peroxide-treated whole soils and several particle-size fractions isolated from them. Sorption of AEC623892 to the soil as a whole was low. K(f oc) values measured in the whole soils were 169.2 and 41.9 ml g(-1) for Soil A and Soil B respectively. The highest values of K(f oc) were measured in soil particle-size fractions <53 microm (266.5 ml g(-1) in the 2-20 microm fraction of Soil A; 471.9 ml g(-1) in the 20-53 microm fraction of Soil B). Sorption was most irreversible in the 2-20 microm fractions. Overall, treatment of soil particle-size fractions with hydrogen peroxide resulted in lower values of K(f oc) (112.3 ml g(-1) in Soil A whole soil and 30.9 ml g(-1) in Soil B whole soil). In both soils, the maximum sorption among hydrogen-peroxide-treated samples was observed in the <2 microm fraction (166.6 and 311.0 ml g(-1) for Soil A and Soil B, respectively). Investigation of the mineralogical composition of the soils suggested that the clay mineralogy (dominated by kaolinite and illite) is less likely to account for the differences in sorption observed than differences in the characteristics of the soil organic matter. Thermal analysis of the different soil fractions indicated that hydrogen peroxide treatment preferentially removed aliphatic fractions of organic matter, but had less effect on lignin-like, aromatic fractions.     

Degradation Impact Factors of Phenol Simulated Wastewater with Ultrasonic-hydrogen Peroxide

The use of ultrasonic,H2O2and the combination of two kinds of technology approach to ultrasound H2O2 phenol wastewater, treatment effect of three methods were compared the differences, and discussed the ultrasonic power, the solution pH value, ultrasonic time and ferrous ions (Fe2 + ) the amount of the treatment effect. The results show that hydrogen peroxide and ultrasonic treatment efficiency of wastewater treatment is superior to ultrasonic treatment group and H2O2 treatment. Through orthogonal experiments of phenol degradation rate of the size of the order has to pH>ultrasonic power>ultrasonic time>adding 0.1mmol·L-1FeSO4 amount of the basis of the experimental parameters, in order to obtain high degradation rate and cost, various factors. Optimization of process parameters for the ultrasonic time of 60 min, power is 200 W, pH is 3, adding FeSO4 amount of 1.0 mL. Under optimum conditions in this experiment, the degradation of phenol was 81.50%. Ultrasonic is relatively separate and separate hydrogen peroxide, the use of ultrasonic hydrogen peroxide degradation rate of phenol, save time, the advantages of speed degradation.     

Cytotoxic, cytoprotective and antioxidant effects of isolated phenolic compounds from fresh ginger

Twenty-nine phenolic compounds were isolated from the root bark of fresh (Yunnan) ginger and their structures fully characterized. Selected compounds were divided into structural categories and twelve compounds subjected to in-vitro assays including DPPH radical scavenging, xanthine-oxidase inhibition, monoamine oxidase inhibition, rat-brain homogenate lipid peroxidation, and rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cell and primary liver cell viability to determine their antioxidant and cytoprotective properties. Isolated compounds were also tested against nine human tumor cell lines to characterize anticancer potency. Several diarylheptanoids and epoxidic diarylheptanoids were effective DPPH radical scavengers and moderately effective at inhibiting xanthine oxidase. An enone–dione analog of 6-shogaol (compound 2) was isolated and identified to be most effective at protecting PC12 cells from H₂O₂-induced damage. Almost all tested compounds inhibited lipid peroxidation. Three compounds, 6-shogaol, 10-gingerol and an enone-diarylheptanoid analog of curcumin (compound 6) were identified to be cytotoxic in cell lines tested, with KB and HL60 cells most susceptible to 6-shogaol and the curcumin analog with IC₅₀ < 10 μM. QSAR analysis revealed cytotoxicity was related to compound lipophilicity and chemical reactivity. In conclusion, we observed distinct compounds in fresh ginger to have biological activities relevant in diseases associated with reactive oxygen species.     

青藏高原东缘某隧道建设区典型植物水分利用策略

[目的] 揭示青藏高原东缘隧道建设区植物的水分利用特征及其对环境变化的响应,为自然和人为影响下的生态脆弱区水土保持工作提供科学参考。[方法] 通过测定海拔3 230 m的某隧道建设区2020—2021年不同月份典型植物木质部水和各潜在水源的δ²H和δ¹⁸O值,利用MixSIAR模型计算植物吸收各潜在水源的比例,并计算每两种植物间的相似性比例指数(PS指数)以比较不同物种的水分竞争关系。[结果] 紫羊茅(Festuca rubra)、川西云杉(Picea likiangensis var. balfouriana)和刺叶高山栎(Quercus spinosa)以浅层土壤水(0—40 cm)作为主要水源;川杨(Populus szechuanica)主要吸收中深层(40—200 cm)土壤水;2021年8月和10月植物对浅层土壤水的利用比例较2020年同时期明显降低;川西云杉对0—40 cm和40—80 cm层土壤水的利用比例与相应层土壤含水量分别存在显著正相关和显著负相关关系(p＜0.05);在时间尺度上,川杨在2020年10月与其他3种植物的水分竞争关系较弱,PS指数范围为0.19～0.54。[结论] 土壤含水量及外界温度的改变是青藏高原东缘植被水分利用策略变化的主要因素,且这两个因子的重要性因物种而异;隧道建设会引起土壤和土壤水的流失,从而导致隧道建设后土壤含水量的降低;隧道建设后植物对浅层土壤水的依赖比隧道建设前低,因此需关注生态脆弱区隧道建设对土壤水分及植被适应机制的影响。