日粮中添加铜对高产乳牛泌乳量影响的研究

本研究探索了在奶牛日粮中添加Cu++对其产奶性能的影响.结果表明,在日粮中添加Cu++ 7.6×10-6,牛奶的乳脂率和干物质含量并未降低,牛奶中铜的残留量低于国家规定标准,能使奶牛泌乳量增产7.66%～9.61%,从而增加乳牛业的经济效益.     

近冰点温度贮藏草莓的研究

草莓呼吸旺盛,果皮薄易受伤,难以贮藏。利用近冰点温度贮藏可以明显地抑制草莓的呼吸作用,结合小袋包装的气密性,改善了包装内部的气体组成,提高草莓果实周围的相对湿度并减少空气对流,从而抑制了草莓在贮藏过程中糖分、水分的损耗,减少了糖酸比值的下降。保持了一定的感观指标,可使草莓的贮藏时间延长。     

高效液相色谱法测定齿毛芝中的碱基

采用250SS4.6-ODSZ-8/5色谱柱,体积分数20%的甲醇为流动相,紫外260nm检测,尿嘧啶,尿苷,腺嘌呤腺苷的保留时间分别为2.23min,2.97min,4.13min和6.74min,检测齿毛芝中碱基的摩尔比依次为1`.24:0.41:2.29:2.05.     

Effect of Split Nitrogen Application on Growth and Yield of Wheat (T. aestivum L.) Genotypes with Different N-Assimilation Potential

A field experiment was conducted with different nitrogen regimes to assess the growth and yield performance of wheat genotypes which differ in nitrate assimilation potential. Genotypic differences in biomass accumulation were observed at different growth stages. The nitrogen treatment had little effect on biomass accumulation at early stages of growth, while at later stages of growth there was enhanced biomass accumulation when N was applied in more than two splits. On an average, genotypes with high nitrate reductase activity (the 'HNR' genotypes) accumulated 14.2 % more biomass than the genotypes with low nitrate reductase activity ('LNR' genotypes) when an extra dose (40 kg N ha⁻¹) of nitrogen was given at the time of anthesis. The application of nitrogen in more than two splits increased grain yield of both 'HNR' and 'LNR' genotypes mainly by increasing grain weight per ear. The application of an extra dose of nitrogen (40 kg N ha⁻¹) at the time of anthesis increased grain yield of 'HNR' genotypes by 38.5 % as compared to 'LNR' genotypes.     

Stoffbildung, CO2-Gaswechsel, Kohlenhydrat- und Stickstoffgehalt von Winterweizen bei erhöhter CO2-Konzentration und Trocken-streß

Dry Matter Production, CO₂ Exchange, Carbohydrate and Nitrogen Content of Winter Wheat at Elevated CO₂ Concentration and Drought Stress
Methods of mathematical modelling and simulation are being used to an increasing degree in estimating the effects of rising atmospheric CO₂ concentration and changing climatic conditions on agricultural ecosystems. In this context, detailed knowledge is required about the possible effects on crop growth and physiological processes. To this aim, the influence of an elevated CO₂ concentration and of drought stress on dry matter production, CO₂ exchange, and on carbohydrate and nitrogen content was studied in two winter wheat varieties from shooting to milk ripeness. Elevated CO₂ concentration leads to a compensation of drought stress and at optimal water supply to an increase of vegetative dry matter and of yield to the fourfold value. This effects were caused by enhanced growth of secondary tillers which were reduced in plants cultivated at atmospheric CO₂ concentration. Analogous effects in the development of ear organs were influenced additionally by competitive interactions between the developing organs. The content and the mass of ethanol soluble carbohydrates in leaves and stems were increased after the CO₂ treatment and exhausted more completely during the grain filling period after drought stress. Plants cultivated from shooting to milk ripeness at elevated CO₂ concentration showed a reduced response of net photosynthesis rate to increasing CO₂ concentration by comparison with untreated plants. The rate of dark respiration was increased in this plants.     

香菇纤维素酶和半纤维素酶的热效应

本文测定了温度对香菇胞外纤维素酶和半纤维素酶活性的影响。木屑基质培养90天的香菇胞外游纸纤维素酶（C_1酶）、羧甲基纤维素酶（C_X酶）和半纤维素酶（H_C酶）的最适作用温度分别是55℃、55～60℃和50℃。在50～55℃条件下保温1小时后,C_1酶和H_C酶活性大幅度下降,而C_x酶活性下降较为缓慢,具有较高的热稳定性。本文提出相对活力系数（Relative activity coefficient,RAC）作为表示香菇菌丝生长温度与酶最适作用温度之间关系的一个参数。     

Yield Stability of Winter Wheat (Triticum sp.) Cultivars and Lines

The purpose of this study was to compare responsiveness to environment as well as the stability of newly developed promising lines with traditional commercial cultivars. Subject research was conducted in Ankara between 1983-1989 on common and durum wheat cultivars and lines. Regression coefficient (b) was used as the criterion of genotypes' responsiveness to environment whereas deviation from regression (S²d) and coefficient of determination (r²) were used as stability parameters. Each experiment year was regarded as an environment and yield average of each year was used as the environmental index.
In consequence of the research, it was determined that new varieties with high yield, adaptable to diverse environments could be developed by means of hybridizations between parents having different genetic characteristics which were provided from diverse ecological regions.     

佐剂对鸡补体水平影响的研究

６０只未免疫的伊莎褐雄鸡雏分成４组，于２４日龄开始用试管法以５０％溶血度为标准样检测补体。３１日时Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃ三组分别皮下注射司盘－８０＋白油，氢氧化铝胶和ＢＣＧ，Ｄ组对照；４６日龄时再次注射。从３１日龄至５６日龄每隔５天检测一次。结果表明，佐剂使鸡的补体水平普遍升高。于每次注射后第５天达到高峰，第１０天左右接近正常。其中ＢＣＧ影响现大，并于５１日龄时天对照组异显著（０．０１＜Ｐ＜０．０５）．     

四种杀菌剂对小麦根病病原菌的室内药效试验

室内药效试验表明：麦根宁1号、敌力脱对小麦根腐病菌的生长均有良好的抑制作用。麦根宁Ⅰ号稀释300倍时，平均抑菌圈直径最大；敌力脱稀释800倍时，平均抑菌圈直径最大。同时，麦根宁Ⅰ号、敌力脱Ⅱ号，粉锈宁对小麦全蚀病菌生长也有明显的抑制作用。粉锈宁，麦根宁Ⅰ，Ⅱ号在稀释10000倍时，抑菌率均达100％；敌力脱在稀释15000倍时，平均抑菌率仍达89．7％。