大豆制品转基因成分检测和定量标识分析

分别以大豆凝集素(Lectin)和5-莽草酸-3磷酸合成酶(CP4-EPSPS)为内源和目标基因,对28种大豆制品进行实时荧光PCR检测.检测结果表明,4种大豆制品的CP4-EPSPS扩增结果为阳性,含有转基因大豆成分.转基因成分的定量检测在贸易和可操作性方面要优于定性检测.     

Toxicity of cyanogen to insects of stored grain

Range-finding studies on the toxicity of cyanogen to all stages of five species of stored product Coleoptera are reported. The species were Rhyzopertha dominica (F), Sitophilus granarius (L), Sitophilus Oryzae (L), Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val and Ephestia cautella (Walker). Exposures for 24 h to cyanogen at 1.3 mg litre(-1) controlled all external stages. Control of internal stages of Sitophilus species was achieved by a 5-day exposure to initial concentrations between 13.7 and 27.4 mg litre(-1), whereas R. dominica was controlled at 13.7 mg litre(-1). Cyanogen showed similar toxicity to all tested external stages and, in this respect, was more similar to methyl bromide than to phosphine. Its toxicity to insects increased with both relative humidity and concentration of carbon dioxide. Cyanogen was toxic to insects whether applied as a gas or in an aqueous solution.     

天津市农产品加工业发展总体现状与方向

通过对大量统计资料和典型调查的系统分析,对天津农产品加工业的发展状况进行了深入的系统研究,分析了发展的特点、差距和问题,指出了天津农产品加工业发展的 10个方向     

菜籽饼中硫葡萄糖甙的去除方法

硫葡萄糖甙(GS)是菜籽饼中主要的抗营养因子。本文对硫葡萄糖甙的性质及其降解产物的毒害作用和菜籽饼的脱毒方法进行综述。     

转基因产品检测技术及其差异比较

本文介绍了常用的转基因产品检测方法,包括针对核酸的聚合酶链式反应(PCR)和针对蛋白质的酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA),并对几种检测方法的优缺点进行比较。     

The potential of nonpathogenic Fusarium oxysporum and other biological control organisms for suppressing fusarium wilt of banana

The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of nonpathogenic F. oxysporum and Trichoderma isolates from suppressive soils in South Africa to suppress fusarium wilt of banana in the glasshouse. Several biological control agents and commercial biological control products were included in the study. The isolates were first screened in vitro on potato dextrose agar. In glasshouse evaluations, the fungal and bacterial isolates were established on banana roots before they were replanted in pathogen-infested soil, while the commercial biocontrol agents were applied as directed by the supplier. Banana plantlets were evaluated for disease development after 7 weeks. In vitro tests showed none of the nonpathogenic isolates suppressed Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense ( Foc ), while slight suppression was observed with the two Trichoderma isolates. Results of the glasshouse evaluations revealed that two of the nonpathogenic F. oxysporum isolates, CAV 255 and CAV 241, reduced fusarium wilt incidence by 87·4 and 75·0%, respectively. The known biological control agent Fo47 did not suppress Foc significantly. Pseudomonas fluorescens strain WCS 417, known for its ability to suppress other fusarium wilt diseases (WCS 417), reduced disease incidence by 87·4%. These isolates should be further evaluated for potential application in the field, independently and in combination.     

Simulating the cumulative effects of multiple forest management strategies on landscape measures of forest sustainability

While the cumulative effects of the actions of multiple owners have long been recognized as critically relevant to efforts to maintain sustainable forests at the landscape scale, few studies have addressed these effects. We used the HARVEST timber harvest simulator to predict the cumulative effects of four owner groups (two paper companies, a state forest and non-industrial private owners) with different management objectives on landscape pattern in an upper Michigan landscape managed primarily for timber production. We quantified trends in landscape pattern metrics that were linked to Montreal Process indicators of forest sustainability, and used a simple wildlife habitat model to project habitat trends. Our results showed that most trends were considered favorable for forest sustainability, but that some were not. The proportion of all age classes and some forest types moved closer to presettlement conditions. The trend for the size of uneven-aged patches was essentially flat while the average size of patches of the oldest and youngest age classes increased and the size of patches of the remaining age classes decreased. Forest fragmentation generally declined, but edge density of age classes increased. Late seral forest habitat increased while early successional habitat declined. The owners use different management systems that cumulatively produce a diversity of habitats. Our approach provides a tool to evaluate such cumulative effects on other landscapes owned by multiple owners. The approach holds promise for helping landowner groups develop and evaluate cooperative strategies to improve landscape patterns for forest sustainability.     

Effect of advanced glycation end products on inflammation in cultured cardiomyocytes

AIM: To investigate the effect of advanced glycation end products on inflammation in cultured cardiomyocytes.METHODS: Primary cardiomyocytes were isolated from Sprague-Dawley neonatal (1 to 2 days old) rats ventricles.The insulin resistant cardiomyocyte model was established.Neonatal rat ventricular myocytes were exposed to AGEs for 24 hours.TNF-α mRNA and PPAR-γ mRNA expressions were determined by RT-PCR.Activation of NF-κB in the cells was examined by using immunocytochemistry.The ultrastructure of the cells was detected by transmission electron microscope.RESULTS: The exprssion of TNF-α mRNA and the activation of NF-κB increased,the expression of PPAR-γ mRNA decreased compared with control group (P<0.05).The differences among different AGE-BSA groups were significant (P<0.05).The numbers of chondriosome and smooth endoplasmic reticulum increased.CONCLUSION: AGEs significantly increase TNF-α mRNA expression and NF-κB activation,and restrain the expression of PPAR-γ mRNA.These data suggest that AGEs play an important role in the onset of diabetic cardiomyopathy.     

河南农产品主产区农民收入增长因素分析

在对河南１８地市农村统计资料进行聚类、回归分析的基础上，找出了影响河南农产品主产区农民收入增长的因素。认为畜牧业、非农产业的发展是提高农民收入的关键因素，并提出农村产业结构调整等政策建议。     

基于云环境和有限元并行计算的农机产品数字化仿真

为了解决现代化农机复杂产品数字化分析和仿真的计算开支问题,提出了一种基于云计算的农机产品数字化仿真系统平台,该平台采用云计算的三层架构和服务封装的思想,将有限元分析仿真系统的功能需求划分成服务,为有限元提供云环境下的并行协同计算功能。采用虚拟化技术,将有限元设计资源利用云环境进行集中管理,实现了软件交付的灵活性和计算资源的共享。以农机部件的大变形支持结构为例,对系统的模型建立、作业管理和数据处理3个方面进行了实例验证。仿真结果表明:采用云环境的并行计算后,其计算的收敛精度和计算效率都有了较大幅度的提高,能够计算大变形的农机部件结构,且资源的共享率较高,实现了农机部件的数字化、协同化设计。