可浸种型水稻种衣剂的开发与应用研究Ⅱ几种水稻种衣剂的田间应用效果研究

本文对供试水稻种衣剂的田间应用效果进行了研究。结果表明，A－B2号种衣剂包衣水稻种子可提高种子的田间出苗率、成秧率，能增强秧苗素质；对水稻秧田期稻蓟马的防效最高，且持效期长；水稻产量也较清水对照区的提高了26．47％。     

种衣剂拌种对小麦病虫害的防治效果

研究表明，种衣剂拌种比不拌种的晚出苗１－２天，但出苗整齐，麦苗矮壮；种衣剂拌种可明显推迟小麦白粉病的始发期，并减低其在田间的流行速率和强度，抽穗开花期防效仍在９０％以上；对小麦秆黑粉、条锈病、纹枯病和地下害也有一定防效；种衣剂拌种比不抖种的小麦穗粒数增加７．７－１３．９位，千粒重提高３－７ｇ，每公顷增产达１５．３－４４．９％；以种衣剂１４号（２２％）的效果最好，种衣剂１４号（８％）次之。     

果蔬保鲜新技术

对目前国内外果蔬保鲜的8种新技术的特点、机理进行了综述,并初步探讨了果蔬贮藏保鲜的发展方向。     

黄瓜涂膜保鲜研究

通过试验确定了黄瓜复合涂膜液的最佳配比:蔗糖脂肪酸酯3.75%,海藻酸钠0.5%,可溶性淀粉6.5%,甘油1%,苯甲酸钠0.1%。用此复合涂膜液在40℃浸泡黄瓜2min,自然风干后置室温下贮藏,可明显延长黄瓜的货架寿命。     

黄瓜涂膜保鲜研究

以津研7号黄瓜品种为试材,采用不同浓度的壳聚糖及依柯系列涂膜剂、不同保鲜剂进行低温(10℃)涂膜保鲜试验。结果表明:壳聚糖涂膜剂的最佳使用浓度为15倍稀释液,作用效果以15倍 Ⅲ号保鲜剂结合处理最好。在10℃条件下贮藏28天,无明显霉烂、“大头”、发糠现象,色泽正常,风味较浓。依柯6号处理效果次之。     

化控种衣剂对大豆幼苗侧根原基的发生 和内源激素含量的影响

以垦农4号为试验材料,利用垂直板发芽试验研究了化控种衣剂 (HK)和常规种衣剂(ND)对大豆幼苗侧根原基发生的影响,并对侧根原基发生过程中植物内源激素含量的动态变化进行了相应的分析。结果表明：(1)种衣剂包衣后,侧根原基发生区长度明显比对照(不包衣的种子为对照,用CK表示)增加,从大到小依次为：HK＞ND＞CK;(2)种衣剂处理加快了侧根原基的发生进程,总的趋势是HK＞ND＞CK,经F检验表明,处理和对照差异极显著;(3)侧根原基的发生状况与侧根原基发生区内源激素的含量有一定的关系,侧根的发生是几种植物内源激素相互协调、综合作用的结果,其中生长素类物质在诱导侧根原基的发生过程中起主导作用;(4)应用种衣剂可以提高侧根原基发生的数量,缩短侧根原基的发生时间,其中以化控种衣剂效果最好。     

新型弹性漆面实木地板漆膜耐磨性的测试

分别采用国家标准和欧洲标准,测试并对比弹性漆面地板和常规UV漆面地板的漆膜耐磨性能。结果表明:弹性漆面地板漆膜耐磨性较优,适合采用欧洲标准进行检测;而常规UV漆面实木地板宜采用相关国标进行检测。     

磷酸铁盐涂层: 控制黄铁矿氧化的新手段

A novel coating technique was develped for controlling pyrite oxidation .The technique involved leaching pyrite particles with a solution containing low concentrations of phosphate and hydrogen peroxide.During the leaching rpocess,the iron released from pyrite by hydrogen proxide was precipitated by phosphate as a ferric phosphate coating .This coating was shown to be able to effectively prevent pyirte from oxidation and it could be established at the expense of only surface portions of pyrite.The emergence of this technique could provide a unique potential route for abating acid mine draingage and reclaiming sulfide-containing degraded mining land.     

Combined effects of sodium chlorite dip treatment and chitosan coatings on the quality of fresh-cut d’Anjou pears

This study evaluated the effects of sodium chlorite (SC) alone and its sequential treatment with edible coatings on browning inhibition and quality maintenance of fresh-cut d’Anjou pears. Edible coatings were prepared from chitosan (CH) and its water-soluble derivative carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCH), separately. Pear wedges were immersed in SC solution, followed by coating with CH or CMCH solutions. The samples were packed in unsealed bags and stored at 4 °C for subsequent color, firmness, and weight loss measurement. The effects of the SC and coating treatments on polyphenol oxidase (PPO) inhibition and microbial inactivation were also evaluated. Results indicated that SC exhibited significant (P < 0.05) inhibition of browning and PPO activity. The SC treatment was also strongly effective in inactivating Escherichia coli O157:H7 on pear slices. Coating SC-treated pear slices with CH adversely affected the quality of pear slices by accelerating the discoloration of cut surfaces and increasing the PPO activity. On the contrary, coating SC-treated samples with CMCH significantly prevented the browning reaction and inhibited PPO activity. In addition, SC and CH/CMCH coatings maintained tissue firmness and did not affect weight loss. Our study may provide a scientific basis for the use of SC + CMCH treatment as an alternative preservation treatment for fresh-cut fruits and vegetables.     

不同浓度蜂蜡涂膜剂对台湾青枣保鲜效果的影响

以浙江台州地区的脆蜜台湾青枣为试材,研究不同浓度的蜂蜡涂膜剂处理对常温(10~15℃)条件下台湾青枣贮藏保鲜效果的影响。结果表明:在试验范围内,1‰和2‰浓度的蜂蜡涂膜剂处理台湾青枣果实的保鲜效果均好于对照(不涂膜),其中以2‰浓度的蜂蜡涂膜剂处理保鲜效果最好,可以明显控制果实的失水,降低呼吸强度,延缓可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量的下降速率,贮藏15 d好果率接近70%,显著高于对照。