吉林省农民远程教育技术及发展研究

吉林省农民远程教育事业经过近10年的发展,已形成三大平台、三大网络、一条线的服务格局。集卫星网传输技术、互联网技术、电话网技术、电视网技术与计算机技术为一体的农民远程教育平台不断发展、完善,现已培训农民达1 000多万人次,取得了较好的社会效益。重点介绍了吉林省农民远程教育的现状、主要技术应用现状、取得的成果、存在的问题及下一步工作的设想等方面的初探性研究。     

图书馆从自动化向数字化跨越过程中馆员角色的变化

通过对图书馆从自动化时期向数字化时期跨越过程中图书馆各个部门职能的变化,探讨了图书馆员的角色变化,并对来自出版商竞争的影响进行了分析。     

关于桦甸市农业政策性保险的调查及思考

实践证明,实施农业政策性保险在化解农业生产风险,增强风险防御能力,确保农业生产安全,提高财政支农资金效率等方面具有重要作用。特别是对于桦甸市这样一个具有丰富资源,发展潜力巨大的县级城市而言,深入开展农业政策性保险,对于调整农户种植结构,调动农民生产积极性,促进农业增资和推进新农村建设都具有重要意义。     

内蒙古大兴安岭林区森林旅游业现状与发展对策

旅游业是前景广阔的"朝阳产业",森林旅游业是其中的重要组成部分。同时,森林旅游业也是未来林业发展的支柱产业之一。内蒙古大兴安岭林区风光秀丽,山峦逶迤,河流密布,林海茫茫,是不可多得的森林旅游胜地。因此,加强内蒙古大兴安岭林区森林旅游业的开发势在必行。     

Reconciling poverty alleviation with reduction in fisheries capacity: boat aid in post-tsunami Aceh, Indonesia

Abstract  The tremendous loss of life and assets resulting from the 2004 tsunami dealt a devastating blow to the coastal communities of Aceh Province, Indonesia. An assessment of the fishing fleet structure pre- and post-tsunami, including associated pattern in boat aid, in 15 coastal communities was conducted and compared with data on boat relief efforts over 17 districts of the Province. Aid was found to be not proportionally allocated to losses incurred by communities and was in many cases below what could be seen as a trend toward overcapacity. The distribution of aid appeared to be done without consideration of the former structure of the fleet, which changed significantly over time (pre- and post-tsunami), and resulted in a new fleet of reduced diversity with a strong focus on the smaller boat categories. If this situation perpetuates after the initial post-disaster period, it may further exacerbate the pre-existing economic and geographic marginalisation of some remote communities, and reduce the capacities of the fleets to diversify and develop multi-species harvesting strategies; thus, increasing the risk of ecologically unsustainable exploitation in near shore areas.     

杨格不等式的推广和最优化解的存在域

给出了均值不等式和杨格不等式的推广形式,讨论了杨格不等式的最优化问题,并且给出了杨格不等式最优化解的存在域.     

丝瓜新品种蓉杂丝瓜1号的选育

蓉杂丝瓜1号是由自交系3-6和14-5杂交选育出的肉丝瓜一代杂种。主蔓始瓜节位为第6～12节，果实圆柱形，纵径20～27 cm，横径3.0～4.2 cm，单果质量190～310 g。一般前期产量为1 267 kg?（667 m2）-1，总产量为2 000～3 500 kg?（667 m2）-1，适合四川省及长江流域早春大棚和春季露地栽培。     

农民有序政治参与存在的问题及成因探析

农民有序政治参与能使农村民主得以健全，巩固党的执政基础，是我国民主政治建设的重要目标和方向。随着我国改革开放和政治经济体制改革的不断深入，农民政治参与的能力与水平也在不断提高，逐渐走向有序化。但由于制约因素多，现阶段农民有序政治参与同构建和谐农村的要求仍有较大差距。在阐述农民有序政治参与对构建社会主义和谐社会的意义基础上，重点分析了当前我国农民有序政治参与存在的问题及成因，以促进和谐乡村建设的发展。     

Spatiotemporal dynamics of plant diversity in response to farmers’ evolved settlements in Shanghai

The expansion of the Shanghai metropolitan region has caused a substantial amount of farmland to become urbanized. Most farmers have lost their land and have been relocated from villages to new collective settlements, resulting in dramatic changes in the landscape pattern. This study explores the effects of this transformation on the spatiotemporal dynamics of plant diversity. We randomly sampled 22 plots comprising 294 subplots within two crossed transects that pass through 5 traditional villages and 17 new settlements. The results show that resettlement has exerted significant effects on plant species diversity, both temporally and spatially. Temporally, the Gleason index (GI) of total species over time could be ordered as 1990s > 2000s > 1980s, while Shannon’s diversity index (SHDI) was ordered as 2000s > 1990s > 1980s. Spatially, the GI of total species decreased from the urban center to the exurbs or from the inside to the outside of the built-up areas. SHDI was highest in suburbs or ecotones. Furthermore, the GI of total species had significant correlations with those of indigenous species, exotic species, and planted species (r > 0.90, p < 0.01) as well as with the region and location of settlement (r < −0.48, p < 0.01). Both indigenous and exotic species had significant positive correlations with total species richness at 0.01 levels. Generally, compared with traditional settlements, new settlements displayed greater richness and diversity of plant species, primarily because of the exotic species present in new settlements. The farmers’ socio-economic status was found to be the primary cause of differences in species richness. To protect indigenous and wild species, it is necessary to take into account local knowledge in villages to encourage Chinese farmers to participate actively in community greening. A bridge should be built between traditional villages and modern settlements and between the past and future for farmers.     

基于网络平台的农民技术教育新模式

系统总结了宝鸡市农民技术教育网络平台建设的最新进展,基本实现了卫星电视网络、计算机网络和省市县乡村五级办学体系网络的有机结合,具有天网、地网和体系网＂三网合一＂的特征,初步形成了现代化、开放式的农民技术教育新模式。深刻分析了新教学模式的几条实现途径及其在农民技术教育中的优势和潜力,根据存在的主要问题,有针对性地提出了网络环境下大规模、高性能地开展农民技术教育的对策。