张家界游客、居民及旅游从业人员旅游发展感知研究

游客、居民和旅游从业人员是旅游发展的主要参与者,其对旅游发展的感知,直接反映旅游发展的品质与趋势。对张家界游客、居民及从业人员旅游发展感知调研显示:国内游客的满意度高于国外游客,居民对旅游发展的认可程度和旅游影响的感知总体持肯定意见,旅游从业人员对旅游发展环境和前景基本满意。三方主体共同认为张家界旅游的可持续发展还需以生态思维制定长远规划,在资源保护、市场规范、营销创新、服务水准、人文环境等方面系统努力,加快环境友好型景区和环境友好型城市建设。     

Small electric currents affecting farm animals and man: A review with special reference to stray voltage

The literature on the electrical properties of the body and sensitivity to steady electric current in humans and farm animals is reviewed and the problem of stray voltage is examined. Stray voltage poses a problem to animal health and protection in cattle and pigs and possibly also in other animals. Dairy cattle can perceive alternating currents exceeding 1 mA between the mouth and all four hooves. Behavioural effects in cows usually occur above 3 mA. In practice, the major influence on dairy cows appears to be behavioural. In experimental research on sensitivity to electric current, the effects studied should be related primarily to the actual current densities or electric fields in the affected tissues rather than to the total voltages applied. Under normal conditions, herdsmen are less likely to be affected by stray voltage than their animals.     

公共图书馆开展新农村服务探析

根据乡镇图书馆(室)存在的问题,提出在目前的大好形势下,应进一步扩大规模、形成长效机制、解决农民读书难、读书人少的问题,以及开展一系列为农民读者服务的措施。     

基于多层感知器神经网络对遥感融合图像和TM影像进行土地覆盖分类的研究

８０年代以来，人工神经元网络（ＡＮＮ）技术的应用不断向广度和深度发展．用不同空间分辨率的ＴＭ和ＩＲＳ遥感图像进行融合，综合了不同传感器数据所提供的信息，增强了图像的清晰度，改善了解译效果。用多层感知器神经网络对遥感融合图像进行分类，分类精度达９５％，比用多层感知器神经网络对ＴＭ图像进行分类（分类精度达７３％）效果要好．     

Smallholders’ perceptions of goat farming in southern Benin and opportunities for improvement

To be successful, initiatives to improve smallholder’s goat production should directly address the needs and objectives of the keepers while promoting rational use of local genetic resources. This paper identifies the objectives, constraints and needs of goat farmers in southern Benin and discusses their relevance to the development of improvement programmes. Between November and December 2005, structured questionnaires, focus group discussions and participant observation were used to collect information from 38 goat farmers in two selected locations. Goats were kept mainly for sale whenever cash was needed. Traits related to reproduction, to behaviour, to health and to meat production were considered equally important and were ranked very highly by goat keepers. Increased net income per flock through increased number of marketable animals is the derived breeding objective from the trait analysis. Disease outbreaks resulting in high mortality, poor housing, and feed shortages were, in descending order, the most important problems. It was concluded that the development of initiatives to improve management practices is an overriding priority. It will lead to increases in productivity in the short term and foster farmers’ participation in the development of long-term improvement strategies, which should include selection and controlled mating.     

“民工荒”背景下我国农村剩余劳动力转移动因与行为选择

我国农村有1.5亿～2亿剩余劳动力,并且每年以500万的速度递增,巨大的农村人口压力形成这样的论断:20世纪中国农村的最大问题是土地问题,21世纪中国农村的最大问题则是就业问题。农村剩余劳动力的城镇转移是我国农村发展最迫切的现实需要。但2003年以来,在我国城乡劳动力流动进程中,却出现了这样一个不可思议的现象——“民工荒”,并且愈演愈烈,这有悖于我国的基本国情。正是在这样的背景下,笔者对我国农村剩余劳动力的转移动因进行了深层次的理论探讨和剖析。     

新时期西部农民增收的对策思考

在新时期,认真分析西部农民收入状况以及增收制约因素,采取切实有效的措施,促进农民收入快速增长,对实现全面建设小康社会的宏伟目标具有十分重要的意义。通过对西部地区农民收入情况的比较,分析了阻碍西部地区农民持续增收的因素,并提出了农民持续增收的对策。     

影响农民采用大棚蔬菜技术的因素及对策建议

对农民采用大棚蔬菜技术的影响因素进行了分析。结果表明：大棚蔬菜技术的经济效益大是农民采用大棚蔬菜技术的动力；大棚蔬菜的投入大、技术要求高、风险大，农民的文化程度低影响了农民采用大棚蔬菜技术的积极性，但通过采取一定措施，均不会影响农民采用大棚蔬菜技术的行为。     

失地农户生计风险认知及其影响因素分析

基于湖北、江西两省12个村的农户调查数据,对失地农户的生计风险认知状况进行了统计,并采用二元Logit模型实证分析了失地农户生计风险认知的影响因素。结果表明,失地农户面临的主要生计风险分别是大病风险、就业风险、口粮风险、养老风险、市场风险和教育风险,各类生计资本的状况对失地农户生计风险认知具有极其复杂的影响。政府应该制定合理的政策措施,以帮助农户提高其自身生计资本的利用水平,有效的增强失地农户抵御各种生计风险冲击的能力。     

临沂市有机农业发展现状及其展望

阐述了有机农业、无公害产品、有机食品和绿色食品之间的关系和重要性;介绍了国外有机农业的发展简况;分析了临沂市有机农业发展现状,并对临沂有机农业发展进行了展望。