Standing computed tomography of the equine limb using a multi-slice helical scanner: Technique and feasibility study

Computed tomography (CT) is an important cross-sectional diagnostic modality for lameness localised to the equine distal limb. The necessity of general anaesthesia to perform CT scans has limited its use in the equine orthopaedic field. Therefore, many attempts have been made to perform CT of the distal limb in standing horses. This retrospective report aims to describe the technical set-up and the feasibility of using a multi-slice helical CT unit recently introduced into the equine market. The medical records of the patients undergoing a standing CT in the period between March 2019 and January 2020 were reviewed. The imaged anatomical region and the image quality were assessed. Thirty-two horses met the inclusion criteria, and the following anatomical areas have been imaged: front foot/pastern (n = 14), metacarpophalangeal joint (n = 11), front proximal suspensory ligament (n = 2), carpus (n = 2), metatarsophalangeal joint (n = 2) and tarsus (n = 1). In 97% of the cases, excellent imaging quality was obtained. Motion artefact is the main cause of poor image quality. The feet and the metacarpophalangeal region can be easily imaged. Imaging the proximal anatomical regions of the limb is more challenging but achievable.     

板坯连铸结晶器内凝固坯壳的三维数值模拟

基于流场和温度场的计算,对断面为1 780 mm×225 mm的板坯结晶器进行数值模拟,考虑3种不同水口条件下,钢液流动对凝固壳的冲刷,计算出凝固壳厚度的三维分布特征,并与二维切片法的计算结果进行了对比。结果表明：有水口时结晶器角部位置凝固壳最大值为约45 mm,宽面和窄面中心凝固厚度壳最大值为24 mm,分别比无水口条件下凝固壳薄1~2 mm;钢液的扩散会使凝固壳在距离结晶器角部300 mm和顶部400 mm的位置形成约深度2.5 mm的凹陷;同时钢液会冲刷整个结晶器窄面的凝固壳,在窄面中心最严重;对比不同的水口,凸底水口冲刷最大,凹底最小。     

排气扇通风降温对比试验报告

用排气扇与各种通风方式对高大平房仓进行降温对比试验，将试验仓与对比仓的降温情况、通风效率、表观风速和水分变化进行比较。结果表明，用排气扇通风具有耗电低、降温均匀、不分损耗低和操作简便等优势，适用于冷空气资源充足的地区。     

缩放型喷嘴空化流动特性的数值分析

为研究空化射流结构及剪切空泡的形成演化,文中采用RANS-LES混合模型方法对一种缩放型喷嘴的空化水射流进行数值模拟计算,对比分析了不同扩张角喷嘴对射流流场的影响以及空泡初生阶段其形态、速度、湍动能等物理量的变化规律.计算结果发现:喷嘴扩张角对空化射流影响较大,当扩张角为60°时其空化性能更优;由于空化射流速度非常高,射流剪切层内存在较大的速度梯度,两侧流体发生频繁的能量交换并产生许多旋涡结构;空化现象最早发生在喷嘴喉管处并逐渐向扩张段及喷嘴出口附近运动发展,空化程度不断增大,不同时刻径向截面内的各参数均沿轴心对称分布,空泡形态呈圆环状,并随着时间推移圆环面积逐渐增大.研究结果对于提高空化水射流性能、拓宽空化水射流应用范围、揭示空化水射流特性等方面具有一定的应用价值及指导作用.     

排管库在香梨贮藏中的优化设计及其优势分析

根据库尔勒香梨的贮藏特性,优化排管库的设计,并针对排管库的使用及运行管理中存在的问题提出解决的办法。同时,通过在排管库和风机库内贮藏香梨效果的对比试验,对两种类型的冷库进行优势分析。结果表明,按香梨在相同库容的排管库和风机库内贮藏8个月计算,优化的排管库可比风机库节电约33%,香梨果实失重率显著降低(P0.05),保鲜效果良好,优势明显。     

北京双紧梢沟泥石流堆积物的特征及演变

北京山区具备泥石流形成与发生条件,泥石流灾害的发生较为频繁。在收集当地泥石流发生历史资料的基础上,详细调查了西白莲峪双紧梢沟的自然地理状况和泥石流堆积物的特点。采用野外量测和填图的方法调查双紧梢沟泥石流的地貌特征;现场选取一定数量的砾石进行abc长度和倾向调查,测定双紧梢沟泥石流堆积物的结构特征;选定泥石流典型区域,进行挖圆探坑,取出全部颗粒并带回实验室,进行粒度分析;同时,对双紧梢梢沟泥石流堆积扇的发育和演变过程进行分析。粒度分析结果表明双紧梢沟泥石流堆积物砾石平均粒径为0.256m,磨圆度为2～6。90%以上砾石直径为0.220～0.410m,最大砾石直径为0.409m,堆积物主要有砾石和一些粗骨性碎屑物质组成,砾石排列无明显特征,分选差。由粒度分析可知,该区泥石流堆积扇的形成受到水石流形成过程的影响,水石流形成堆积扇,之后可能发生粘性泥石流。由其频率曲线为一多峰曲线。该曲线说明泥石流发生时,其砾石的搬运方式由推移、跳跃、悬浮三大部分组成。双紧梢沟泥石流堆积扇的演变过程和特征明显受到双紧梢沟和西白莲峪主沟水流的影响。该研究结果对今后进一步探讨北京山区泥石流形成机理和运动过程以及为泥石流防治制定有效措施提供参考。     

Effect of the spray application technique on the deposition of entomopathogenic nematodes in vegetables

BACKGROUND: The present study compared entomopathogenic nematode delivery at the base of savoy cabbage and cauliflower, at the lower side of savoy cabbage and cauliflower leaves and in leek stems and the ground deposition using a five‐nozzle spray boom equipped with an ISO 08 flat fan, an air induction flat fan and Twinjet spray nozzles. Additionally, an air support system and a row application system were evaluated. RESULTS: Approximately 40% of the applied nematodes did not reach the foot of the cabbage plants. The use of an air support system or a row application system improved nematode deposition at the savoy cabbage base. Relative nematode deposition on the lower side of savoy cabbage leaves was 27.20%, while only 2.64% of the applied nematodes reached the lower side of cauliflower leaves. After spraying leek with a standard boom, a low relative nematode deposition (26.64%) was measured in the leek stem. Nozzle type affected the distribution of nematodes in droplet spots. CONCLUSION: Nozzle type has a minor effect on the number of entomopathogenic nematodes delivered on difficult‐to‐reach targets. The use of modified spray application techniques directing the spray to the target site are necessary to increase the chances of contact of entomopathogenic nematodes with their target. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

Cavern type airflow control technology of mine

Taking a coconut shell powder activated carbon (PAC) as the carrier and butyl acetate titanate with ethanol as raw materials, TiO2/AC(activated carbon) photocatalyst was prepared through sol-gel and impregnation method, and batch experiments were carried out to investigate its performances of removing Carbamazepine from artificial water. The results indicate that TiO2/AC has a better removal of carbamazepine than powder TiO2 and PAC. In the same condition, the removal of carbamazepine in TiO2/AC system is 1.7 times than that in TiO2. When the initial concentration of Carbamazepine is 10 mg/L, and the dosage of TiO2/AC is 500 mg/L, in which the load capacity of TiO2 is 11.2%, the removal rate reaches at 91.5% while the PH is 1.0. The reaction of photocatalytic degradation process can be accorded with two-step dynamics kinetics with different concentrations. The constant of secondary reaction is inversely proportional to concentration. Using Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) model, it concludes that the apparent adsorption equilibrium constant Ka is 9.215×10 3 L/mol, and the surface reaction rate constant Kr is 3.678×10 -6 mol/(L·min). Thus, microwave irradiation is the best way for catalyst regeneration.     

小功率轴流风机负压通风降温效果分析

利用小型轴流风机通风降低仓库粮堆温度,通过对小功率轴流风机通风效果分析,观察粮食温度和风机能耗情况,分析其节能通风的效果。