清宫药对实验性家兔子宫内膜炎的病理组织形态变化的影响

子宫内膜炎是一种常见的奶牛生殖系统疾病,是造成奶牛不孕的主要原因之一。它严重影响奶牛的繁殖力,给奶牛业造成严重的经济损失。清宫药为纯中药复方制剂,临床上用于治疗和预防奶牛子宫内膜炎,效果显著,为探讨其疗效机理,本试验利用加州兔对清宫药进行了药效学研究。结果显示:与模型组相比,清宫药对实验性急性家兔子宫内膜炎有较好的治疗作用(P﹤0.05)。     

宫净康治疗奶牛子宫内膜炎疗效的对比试验

奶牛子宫内膜炎是引起奶牛不孕的常见疾病之一。我县一规模奶牛场共存栏奶牛约980头,其中成年适繁母牛460头,均为全年舍饲饲养。2010年该场奶牛子宫内膜炎发病率高达55%以上,严重影响了本场的生产和发展。该实验从我县一规模奶牛场中共收集病例100头,分成4组,每组25头,经过2个疗程的治疗和对比试验,结果表明使用宫净康进行子宫内灌注治疗奶牛子宫内膜炎效果非常好。     

Dynamic Analysis of Nitric Oxide and Total Oxidant Capacity in Cow Uterine Secretion with Subclinical Endometritis

Subclinical endometritis is a physiological inflammation that serves to clear persistent contaminants from the uterus. To investigate the alteration of antioxidant, such as vitamin E(VE) and vitamin C(VC), total oxidant capacity(TOC) and nitric oxide(NO) in cows with normal and subclinical endometritis(SCE), we examined the concentrations of NO, VC and VE, TOC and polymorphonuclear neutrophils(PMN) percentage in uterine secretion. The cows were divided into two groups, normal(n=20) and subclinical endometritis(SCE, n=60), based on endometrial cytology(presence of PMN≥5%). Uterine secretion and blood were collected as described previously. Griess reaction was used to determine the concentration of NO. The concentrations of TOC, VC and VE were detected by a commercially available assay kit. The results showed that the concentrations of NO, TOC and PMN percentage were significantly higher(P0.01, P0.05, and P0.01, respectively) in uterine secretion with SCE compared to those from normal; however, the levels of VC and VE were significantly lesser(P0.01). In conclusion, the concentrations of NO, TOC, VC, VE and PMN percentage differed between normal and SCE cows. Meanwhile, the relationship between the concentration of NO and PMN percentage from uterine secretion in cows with subclinical endometritis were positively correlated. Consequently, these alterations in NO, TOC, VC, VE levels and PMN percentage contributed to as a diagnostic index of the uterine inflammation, with the aim to increase the reproduction of the cows and the decrease economic losses.     

畜炎宁治疗奶牛子宫内膜炎疗效试验

奶牛子宫内膜炎是奶牛产后主要由于细菌感染而引起的常见产科慢性、常发性疾病,给奶牛养殖业造成很大的经济损失。采集患子宫内膜炎奶牛产后阴道分泌物进行细菌分离鉴定和药敏试验,了解子宫内膜炎病例中病原菌的种类及耐药情况。在临床试验中,选用海正畜炎宁与野菊花、金银花、蒲公英等为主要成分的中草药进行对比疗效试验,通过治疗前后子宫及阴道恢复情况来确定治疗效果。试验结果证实：该牛场引起子宫内膜炎的细菌主要是以大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、蜡样芽孢菌、链球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌为主,单一感染所占比例为24．4％,混合感染所占比例为75．6％;药敏试验结果表明海正畜炎宁最为敏感,临床试验也证实：肌肉注射畜炎宁组有效率最高,达到78．75％;子宫灌注畜炎宁组达到75％;而对照组子宫灌注组仅为50％,因此,在治疗牛子宫内膜炎时,海正畜炎宁可作为治疗药物的首选。     

子宫内膜炎患牛子宫内膜PGR和ESR-1 mRNA的表达特征

为探讨卵巢激素及其子宫内膜受体在奶牛子宫内膜炎中的作用,以产后6～10d健康及患急性化脓性子宫内膜炎的中国荷斯坦奶牛为研究对象,通过ELISA法检测子宫内膜中PGF2a,血清中孕酮和雌二醇浓度,SYBRGreenⅠ荧光定量PCR检测子宫内膜PGR和ESR-1mRNA的表达。结果显示,病牛子宫内膜PGF2α水平为（6.503±0.122）μg/L,血清孕酮为（0.816±0.281）μg/L,血清雌二醇为（35.462±2.523）μg/L,而对照组分别为（14.408±0.285）,（0.543±0.142）,（37.6±1.317）μg/L;子宫内膜炎患牛组PGF2a水平极显著低于对照组（P〈0.01）,孕酮含量显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）,PGF2a与孕酮水平呈显著负相关（r=0.893）,雌二醇含量组间差异不显著。PGR基因的mRNA水平极显著高于对照组（P〈0.01）,而ESR-1基因的mRNA水平低于对照组,且差异极显著（P〈0.01）。上述结果表明,孕酮浓度显著升高及PGR mRNA高表达,可能抑制子宫收缩;ESR-1mRNA低表达使子宫新陈代谢减慢,子宫内膜合成PGF2a功能下降,这些改变有可能促进了产后子宫内膜炎的发生发展。     

子宫内膜基质金属蛋白酶-2、-9 mRNA表达与奶牛子宫内膜炎关系的研究

为探讨基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs)-2、MMP-9在奶牛子宫内膜炎中的作用机制,选用产后6～10d健康及患急性化脓性子宫内膜炎的中国荷斯坦奶牛各10头,分别为对照组和试验组,通过ELISA检测PGF2a、孕酮浓度;免疫组化检测子宫内膜Ⅰ型胶原、Ⅳ型胶原的表达;SYBR Green I荧光定量PCR检测子宫内膜MMP-2和MMP-9mRNA表达。结果表明:试验组PGF2a浓度极显著低于对照组(P<0.01),孕酮含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),PGF2a与孕酮浓度呈显著负相关(r=0.893);试验组子宫内膜中Ⅰ型胶原、Ⅳ型胶原的表达量均高于对照组,差异极显著(P<0.01);MMP-2和MMP-9mRNA水平则显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。结果提示:产后子宫内膜炎病牛子宫内膜MMP-2、MMP-9低表达,导致Ⅰ型和Ⅳ型胶原降解受阻,使细胞外基质为子宫内膜细胞提供的刺激信号不足,子宫分泌PGF2a量少,黄体消退障碍,血清孕酮含量高;说明子宫内膜MMP-2、MMP-9mRNA表达对产后子宫内膜炎的发生和发展起促进作用。     

子宫内膜炎患牛唾液生化变化的初步研究

[目的]探究子宫内膜炎患牛唾液生物标志物特点,[方法]研究收集试验组子宫内膜炎患牛和对照组健康奶牛唾液,针对所选10种生物标志物使用相关试剂盒在自动生化分析仪上进行检测,并将所得数据进行对比分析。[结果]相比健康奶牛,子宫内膜炎患牛唾液生物标志物的升高项为α唾液淀粉酶、皮质醇、乳酸和尿酸,而腺苷脱氨酶、乙酰胆碱酯酶水平、pH值、钠钾比则下降明显。[结论]说明应激、炎症和氧化应激在患子宫内膜炎奶牛体内的存在,钠营养状况略受影响。     

中草药防治奶牛子宫内膜炎的现状及其药理作用机制

奶牛子宫内膜炎是奶牛的常见疾病之一,严重影响奶牛业的健康持续发展。文章综述了中草药防治奶牛子宫内膜炎的制剂类型及其作用机制,并提出了中草药防治奶牛子宫内膜炎需要进一步研究的问题。     

CYSTIC ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASIA AND BACTERIAL ENDOMETRITIS ASSOCIATED WITH AN INTRAUTERINE FOREIGN BODY IN A GUINEA PIG WITH OVARIAN CYSTIC DISEASE

A 3-year-old, 920 g intact female guinea pig presented with a 4-month history of nonpruritic hair loss on the ventral abdomen. The physical examination revealed flank and ventral abdominal alopecia, mucoid vulvar discharge, and abdominal distension. Bilateral rounded masses just caudal to the kidneys and structures consistent with enlarged uterine horns were detected on abdominal palpation. Abdominal ultrasound revealed bilateral ovarian cysts, thickened uterine horns, and multiple circular hypoechoic and anechoic structures in the uterine wall. The patient underwent ovariohysterectomy. Gross examination of the uterus revealed a piece of hay in the left uterine horn. A final diagnosis was hormonally active ovarian follicular cysts, cystic endometrial hyperplasia, and purulent bacterial endometritis caused by Escherichia coli, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Arthrobacter spp. Cystic endometrial hyperplasia is infrequently reported in guinea pigs, and this report describes an associated bacterial endometritis and uterine foreign body with concurrent ovarian cysts.