苯醚甲环唑·丙环唑乳油气相色谱分析

本文介绍了采用气相色谱法用HP-5毛细管柱,以邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯为内标物,氢火焰离子化检测器对苯醚甲环唑.丙环唑乳油进行定量分析。结果表明,苯醚甲环唑、丙环唑的线性相关系数为1.000 0、0.999 9;平均回收率为99.87%、99.98%;标准偏差为0.12、0.04;变异系数为0.82%、0.28%。     

1%蛇床子素水乳剂的高效液相色谱分析

采用反相高效液相色谱法对蛇床子素进行分离定量,本方法的标准偏差为0．004, 变异系数0．41％;平均回收率为99．86％;线性相关系数为0．999 99。     

10%吡嘧磺隆可湿性粉剂的液相色谱分析

本文所述应用液相色谱法测定吡嘧磺隆可湿性粉剂有效成分含量的测定方法,此方法采用甲醇、水和冰乙酸为流动相,使用C18柱、紫外检测器的高效液相色谱,经验证其添加回收率为100.09%,标准偏差为0.133,变异系数为1.33%,线性方程相关系数为0.9997。本试验方法操作简便,分离效果好,响应时间短,是理想的分析方法。     

刺桐姬小蜂在中国的适生区分析

运用CLIMEX的气候相似系数法,对入侵害虫刺桐姬小蜂在中国的适生区进行了分析和预测,结果表明:中国大陆有18个省区45个市、县(地区)适合该虫生存,大体分布于18.14°N～36.00°N,98.30°E～121.36°E范围内,这些地区也是刺桐属植物的主要分布区。     

苜蓿黄萎病菌在我国的适生性分析研究

本文以适生性评判指标分析为基础,采用生物学建模与GIS分析相结合的方法,依据我国677个气象站点的逐月气温数据以及全国土壤pH等值线图,对苜蓿黄萎病菌在我国的适生性作了分析研究。结果表明,苜蓿黄萎病菌在我国的适生性强,适生范围较广,每年4~9月份,该病菌在我国西北、东北以及华北地区的适生程度处于较高水平。鉴于此,我国应加强苜蓿黄萎病菌的植物检疫措施力度,严防该病的传入或扩散。     

杨梅酸性转化酶基因cDNA分离及表达分析

杨梅果实富含蔗糖,酸性转化酶是蔗糖代谢关键酶,根据植物酸性转化酶基因保守区序列设计引物,提取杨梅叶片RNA,逆转录获得cDNA,以此为模板通过PCR技术扩增到长度为516bp的基因片段,克隆入pMD18-T载体中,命名为MrIVR1(GenBank:DQ339699)。测序及同源性检索表明,该基因推导氨基酸序列与君子兰、葡萄、草莓、胡萝卜等酸性转化酶基因氨基酸序列同源性为60%～69%。运用ClustalX软件对植物转化酶基因进行了系统树分析,结果显示,MrIVR1编码的蛋白质属于细胞壁酸性转化酶。半定量RT-PCR表达分析显示,MrIVR1基因在杨梅果实发育早期表达量最高,随着果实的发育表达量下降,在成熟果实中表达水平较低。     

15份葡萄种质亲缘关系的ISSR分析

利用ISSR标记对15份葡萄材料进行了基因组多态性分析,从60条引物中筛选出15条用于葡萄的ISSR扩增。共扩增出105条带,其中多态性条带91条,多态性百分率为86.7%。根据ISSR扩增结果,利用NTSYSpc2.10e软件进行Jaccard相似性系数分析,15份葡萄材料的遗传相似系数为0.27～0.75,平均遗传相似系数为0.471。通过UPGMA进行聚类分析,探索亲缘关系。在遗传相似系数0.39处,15份葡萄材料可分为2大类群。第1类包含7份山葡萄资源、2个山欧杂交品种,第2类包含3个欧亚种品种、2个欧美杂种品种和1个美洲杂种品种。由此可见,山葡萄与欧亚种、美洲杂种葡萄的亲缘关系较远,欧亚种与美洲杂种之间亲缘关系较近。     

甜瓜种质资源亲缘关系的聚类分析

采用数量分类方法，对来源于国内外的48份甜瓜种质资源的17个农艺性状进行了聚类分析，研究其遗传亲缘关系。结果表明，供试材料在生态型上可分为两大类群，即厚皮甜瓜类群和薄皮甜瓜类群，其中厚皮甜瓜与薄皮甜瓜杂交的中间型在亲缘关系上与薄皮甜瓜更为接近，划入薄皮甜瓜类群中。厚皮甜瓜类群和薄皮甜瓜类群又分别划分为2个和6个品种群。     

Land Use – Land Cover Conversion, Regeneration and Degradation in the High Elevation Bolivian Andes

Regional land-cover change affects biodiversity, hydrology, and biogeochemical cycles at local, watershed, and landscape scales. Developing countries are experiencing rapid land cover change, but assessment is often restricted by limited financial resources, accessibility, and historical data. The assessment of regional land cover patterns is often the first step in developing conservation and management plans. This study used remotely sensed land cover and topographic data (Landsat and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission), supervised classification techniques, and spectral mixture analysis to characterize current landscape patterns and quantify land cover change from 1985 to 2003 in the Altiplano (2535–4671 m) and Intermediate Valley (Mountain) (1491–4623 m) physiographic zones in the Southeastern Bolivian Andes. Current land cover was mapped into six classes with an overall accuracy of 88% using traditional classification techniques and limited field data. The land cover change analysis showed that extensive deforestation, desertification, and agricultural expansion at a regional scale occurred in the last 20 years (17.3% of the Mountain Zone and 7.2% of the Altiplano). Spectral mixture analysis (SMA) indicated that communal rangeland degradation has also occurred, with increases in soil and non-photosynthetic vegetation fractions in most cover classes. SMA also identified local areas with intensive management activities that are changing differently from the overall region (e.g., localized areas of increased green vegetation). This indicates that actions of local communities, governments, and environmental managers can moderate the potentially severe future changes implied by the results of this study.