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991.
Does kriging predict weed distributions accurately enough for site‐specific weed control? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Numerous studies have demonstrated the patchy distribution of weeds within fields. The majority of these studies have used discrete sampling, recording weed densities at the intersections of regular grids. In this study, Avena spp. seedlings were recorded on square grids at four sites. The data were then divided into test and real data sets using the whole, two-thirds and one-half of the data to evaluate the consistency of global variogram models and accuracy of ordinary kriging estimates. Kriging provided poor weed density estimates at both very low and high densities, i.e. data were smoothed when compared with true values. Grid sampling took considerable time and, therefore, money to complete, whereas continuous sampling with multispectral imagery (performed at one site) was much quicker and at a finer resolution. It is suggested that sampling systems that collect continuous rather than discrete data are currently more appropriate for site-specific weed management. 相似文献
992.
993.
Spatial distribution of weeds in arable crops: are current sampling and analytical methods appropriate? 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
This paper reviews the literature concerning the spatial distribution of weeds; highlighting the limitations of our current sampling and analytical methodologies, and suggesting how these inadequacies can be addressed. Most research studies have used discrete sampling, i.e. weeds are counted within a quadrat, on a grid basis. Few have mapped weeds at a whole-field scale, either with a resolution appropriate to spraying operations or key ecological processes. Statistical analyses used to describe the data can be divided into two main types, spatially implicit (also at the scale of the sampling unit) or spatially explicit, in which the location of individuals is included in the analyses. Spatially implicit methods can be strongly affected by quadrat size and mean density and are of doubtful benefit. More attention is required to address sampling resolution issues for spatially explicit methods. Our understanding of the formation and dynamics of spatial pattern, as well as predicting the consequences of site-specific management, can be improved with models. Unfortunately, most models consider only newly expanding patches and appear incapable of predicting spatial distributions when an area has been fully invaded. More detailed biological information is required if models are to become more realistic and informative. We also need to ensure that we understand the spatial processes in the context of the whole field environment, to optimize the success of site-specific weed management in the longer term. 相似文献
994.
995.
随着我国数字农业研究与建设的深化,数字草地的研究与建设也迫在眉睫.开展我国数字草地建设不仅是数字农业发展的需要,而且也是草业科技创新之急需.为此,主要从六个方面讨论了我国数字草地建设(1)建设的必要性;(2)发展数字草地的可能性;(3)建设的指导思想、基本原则和目标;(4)数字草地建设体系结构;(5)数字草地建设的内容;(6)数字草地建设的保障措施. 相似文献
996.
B. M. A. De Coninck O. Amand S. L. Delauré S. Lucas N. Hias G. Weyens J. Mathys E. De Bruyne B. P. A. Cammue 《Plant pathology》2012,61(1):76-84
Cercospora leaf spot, caused by the fungus Cercospora beticola, is a major fungal sugar beet disease worldwide and the cause of significant yield losses. The disease is most successfully countered by the introduction of genetic tolerance into elite sugar beet hybrids. To this end, breeding programmes require high quality biological assays allowing discrimination of minor differences between plants within a segregating population. This study describes the successful implementation of image analysis software in the bioassays for quantification of necrotic lesions at different stages of C. beticola infection, allowing selection on minor phenotypic differences during the sugar beet breeding process for C. beticola resistance. In addition, a real‐time PCR assay was developed for the quantification of C. beticola pathogen biomass in infected beet canopy. The use of both techniques, even in an early stage of infection, fine‐tunes current bioassays, allowing more accurate and efficient selection of resistant breeding material. 相似文献
997.
基于DEM的延河流域水文特征提取与分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
基于DEM数据,依据地表径流漫流模拟算法,使用ArcGIS软件中的水文分析工具,提取与分析延河流域河网特征及相关信息,并与1∶25万地形图数字化水系进行分析比较。结果表明:集水面积阈值是决定河网提取精度的关键参数,阈值越大,提取河网越稀疏,反之则提取河网越密集;随着集水面积阈值的增大,河源数和河网密度、河流的级数、总河长等随之减少,但主河长变化不大;当阈值为5.51 km2时,提取河网与实际较吻合。因此,基于90m分辨率的DEM数据提取延河流域水系和子流域是切实可行的,可以作为数字流域建设与水资源管理的基础数据。 相似文献
998.
针对农业机械化对实现农业现代化的重要性,简单论述辽宁省英落镇农机发展的现状,兴农强机的对策,发展农业机械化函待解决的问题。 相似文献
999.
我国植物保护与农业的可持续发展关系——以吉林省梨树县研究为例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
透过相关文献的检索与对比分析,我们得出的结论是我国植物保护与农业的可持续发展以及到了必须认真对待的关键时期。在二者间的关系上,我们认为植物的保护与农业的可持续发展是相辅相成的是辩证统一的关系。可以确认的是加强植物的保护是我们实现农业的可持续发展之前提,反之农业可持续发展得到了实现又可以促进植物资源的保护。以吉林省梨树县为研究对象,对在植物保护工作上给予分析并提出了自己的几点建议。 相似文献
1000.
农业快速稳步的发展离不开农业机械化,农业机械化是现代农业的重要策略之一,它能够有效的降低生产成本,提高生产效率,提高农产品的品质。 相似文献