梨芽变新品种—尖把王梨的选育

尖把王梨为尖把梨大果芽变,平均单果质量189g,最大单果质量280g,是一般尖把梨的2倍以上。部分果面有1～2条纵沟,果面黄绿色;果皮薄,果肉白色,肉质细腻多汁,石细胞较少;总糖含量为11.88%,总酸含量为0.92%,维生素C含量为5.81mg/100g,风味酸甜适口,香气浓,果心小,可食率高,品质上,是鲜食、冻制和加工兼用新品种。枝条、叶片也明显大于尖把梨,抗寒能力与尖把梨相同,是栽培梨中抗寒力最强的品种之一,适于辽宁、吉林、内蒙古等较寒冷地区发展。     

Differences in Wheat Cultivar Response to N Supply. I: Differences in Grain Yield Formation

Two-year field trials with winter wheat cultivars Batis and Toronto were conducted in Southern Bavaria, Germany, to investigate the possible causes of cultivar differences in response to N supply varying in total amount and time of application. Cultivar-related differences in grain yields were observed in treatments with low and medium N supply. High doses of N supply resulted in grain yield adjustment or grain yield advantage for cv. Toronto. The results of this study revealed a consistent, genotypic pattern in response to N fertilization in spite of strong seasonal effects. Systematic modifications in canopy growth rates in response to N supply were of particular relevance and a main factor for differences in tillering intensity resulting in modified stand densities. In the present study, cultivar differences in spike development and interactions with N supply related more to abortion than to initiation processes for number of spikelets and number of flowers per spikelet. High grain density (grains per m²) of cv. Toronto was evident during reproduction stages even under conditions of medium N supply. However, decreased growth rates during the later part of grain filling in combination with low 1000 grain weight, which was barely modified by N fertilization, allowed only partial utilization of this potential. It is assumed that sink limitations were of particular relevance for grain yield development in cv. Toronto, while cv. Batis combined a less intense response to N supply with more stability in the development of grain yield components.     

应用种子蛋白电泳图谱对高羊茅品种进行鉴别与聚类研究

利用种子贮藏蛋白进行二二烷其磺酸钠－聚丙烯酰胺凝脉电泳,对２３个高羊茅品种进行了 分析。表明该方法成本低,效率高,重复性好,能有效地反应高羊茅品种的遗传差异和亲缘关系。电泳谱带聚类分析所得到的类群,能代表生产上,饲用,草坪用类型以及两种用途中的主要生态类型。     

Optimal cultivar mixtures in focal plant diseases

This paper deals with a study on the effects of mixtures of partially resistant cultivars in focus forming plant diseases. The focus expansion velocity in a mixture of two partially resistant cultivars depends on four parameters, the focus expansion velocity in a crop of cultivar 1 only and in a crop of cultivar 2 only, the net-reproduction in a crop of cultivar 1 and of cultivar 2, respectively. An explicit equation is developed for the damage of a cultivar mixture where the crop is infected by two physiological races of the pathogen. It is shown that cultivar mixtures exist where damage is smaller than in crops of either of the two cultivars only. A simple explicit formula is given on the basis of which it can be decided whether an optimal mixture exists for a given pathosystem.     

浙北地区早熟松花菜品种比较试验

在浙北松花菜秋季栽培区选择试点,对6个早熟松花菜新品种进行了比较试验。试验结果表明,浙农松花50天是浙北地区秋季抢早栽培的较为理想的品种,而农美50天产量潜力最大,但成熟期略迟,生产上可根据实际情况加以应用。     

早熟番茄新品种津粉207的选育

津粉207是利用自交系09-163为母本、10-202为父本杂交育成的番茄杂交一代品种。无限生长类型,耐低温,早熟、果实粉红、果形美观,单果质量在220 g以上,产量高,抗番茄黄化曲叶病毒病、烟草花叶病毒病和番茄灰叶斑病等,适宜华北地区早春保护地栽培。     

南方高海拔地区栽培甜樱桃质地特性研究

以南方高海拔地区栽培的甜樱桃品种“美早”和“萨米脱”为试材，利用质构仪质地多面分析法（TPA）和整果穿刺法研究其贮藏过程中质地特性的变化。结果表明，贮藏过程中两个品种樱桃果肉的硬度与弹性、咀嚼性，咀嚼性与弹性均呈极显著正相关，且随贮藏时间的延长，果肉硬度、弹性、咀嚼性和果皮强度下降，果皮韧性增强，而果肉凝聚性和回复性则先上升后下降。贮藏42 d后，“美早”甜樱桃果肉的硬度、咀嚼性、凝聚性和回复性显著高于“萨米脱”甜樱桃，同时保持较低的果皮韧性，说明其更耐贮藏。     

小菊新品种‘枫林黄星’和‘枫林红晕’

小菊新品种‘枫林黄星’是以‘Branice Sunny’为母本,‘183’株系为父本经人工杂交选育而成,舌状花亮黄色,头状花序直径3.7 cm,冠幅63.8 cm,单株着花1 007朵。‘枫林红晕’是以‘388’株系为母本,从德国引进的多个品种为父本混合授粉选育而成,舌状花中上部粉色,下部白色,头状花序直径3.6 cm,冠幅60.2 cm,单株着花847朵。两个新品种冠幅大,株形紧凑丰满,呈半圆形,群体效果良好,适于北京地区秋季绿化。     

绒毛白蜡新品种‘华雄’

 ‘华雄’是在白蜡属种质资源收集过程中发现并选育出的绒毛白蜡新品种。雄株，干形较直，当年生枝和纸质叶片上下表面均被密毛，耐盐碱性强。     

荞麦新品种六苦荞4号的选育及栽培管理技术

为选育出适宜贵州种植的高产、优质荞麦新品种,以云南滇宁1号苦荞为亲本,采用系统选择法选育出六苦荞4号荞麦新品种。在贵州省2012—2013年荞麦区域试验中,2年平均产量125.4kg/667m2,较对照九江苦荞增产13.8%,居参试品种第一位,2年13点次中有10个点增产,增产点率为76.9%,2015年6月通过贵州省农作物品种审定委员会审定(审定编号:黔审荞2015002号)。