居住小区绿化施工及绿化植物选择原则

综述了居住小区绿化的施工原则、绿化植物选择原则等,以期为居住小区的绿化提供参考。     

柽柳有效天敌昆虫筛选标准的建立

参照前人对杂草天敌筛选标准、植物与昆虫互作理论和近年来对柽柳原产地主要天敌生物学特性的研究结果，制定出柽柳天敌遴选量化标准，共计10项特征，满分为47分。并以此对取食柽柳的12种天敌进行了筛选。柽柳条叶甲得分最高（43分），其次是斯氏伞锥象（41分），推荐这2种天敌昆虫作为首选天敌引入美国做进一步评价。     

Quantifying patch distribution at multiple spatial scales: Applications to wildlife-habitat models

Multiscale analyses are widely employed for wildlife-habitat studies. In most cases, however, each scale is considered discrete and little emphasis is placed on incorporating or measuring the responses of wildlife to resources across multiple scales. We modeled the responses of three Arctic wildlife species to vegetative resources distributed at two spatial scales: patches and collections of patches aggregated across a regional area. We defined a patch as a single or homogeneous collection of pixels representing 1 of 10 unique vegetation types. We employed a spatial pattern technique, three-term local quadrat variance, to quantify the distribution of patches at a larger regional scale. We used the distance at which the variance for each of 10 vegetation types peaked to define a moving window for calculating the density of patches. When measures of vegetation patch and density were applied to resource selection functions, the most parsimonious models for wolves and grizzly bears included covariates recorded at both scales. Seasonal resource selection by caribou was best described using a model consisting of only regional scale covariates. Our results suggest that for some species and environments simple patch-scale models may not capture the full range of spatial variation in resources to which wildlife may respond. For mobile animals that range across heterogeneous areas we recommend selection models that integrate resources occurring at a number of spatial scales. Patch density is a simple technique for representing such higher-order spatial patterns.     

对小菜蛾高毒的苏云金杆菌菌株筛选试验初报

从田间自然死亡的小菜蛾虫尸中分离到Ｂ．ｔ．９４１９茵株，经复壮选育及摇瓶考核，在自选培养基上生长良好，２４ｈ孢子开始脱落形成晶体，３６ｈ全部形成晶体。晶体大、宽棱形、角尖。４８ｈ发酵液含菌量为３５亿／ｍＬ。经发酵液对小菜蛾毒力测定，４８ｈＬＣ_５０：对照ＨＤ－１含菌量为２７４ｍＬ／Ｌ，而９４１９仅１２４ｍＬ／Ｌ。     

金花茶砧穗组合的初步研究

本文报道了金花茶嫁接7个砧穗组合的不同表现,并选出一些亲和性较强的组合,油茶 防城金花茶、油茶 小果金花茶、油茶 东兴金花茶、博白大果油茶 防城金花茶;不亲和的组合有博白大果油茶 东兴金花茶,博白大果油茶 小果金花茶。并讨论了砧穗组合选择问题。     

无核优质丰产椪柑新品系——黔阳无核椪柑的选育

1991年从湖南省黔阳县普通柑中选育出来的优良芽变新品系———黔阳无核柑 ,经 8年继代高接繁殖 5代鉴定及多点栽培试验 ,证明其果实稳定无核 (0～ 0 .0 0 1粒 /果 ) ,果形美观 ,肉质脆嫩 ,汁多化渣 ,风味浓郁 ,品质极优。并表现生长旺盛 ,早果、丰产 ,适应性广。该品种已通过湖南省农作物品种审定委员会审定。根据花粉育性研究及人工授粉试验结果 ,初步认为花粉败育及雌性器官 (胚囊 )可能也高度败育是导致其稳定无核的原因     

Use of Akaike information criteria for model selection and inference. An application to assess prevention of gastrointestinal parasitism and respiratory mortality of Guinean goats in Kolda,Senegal

A field experiment was carried out in Kolda (southern Senegal) from July 1986 to July 1988. Its goals were to: (1) describe the patterns of mortality of female Guinean goats by age, season and year; (2) assess preventive measures against respiratory diseases and gastrointestinal parasitism in reducing mortality; and (3) estimate the overall impact of these measures on survival to 1 year of age. Preventive measures for respiratory disease included vaccination against peste des petits ruminants (PPR) and pneumonic pasteurellosis (Pasteurella multocida types A and D). Control of gastrointestinal parasites was by deworming does with morantel (7.5 mg kg⁻¹, three times during the rainy season). The effects of vaccines and deworming were tested in a randomised factorial field experiment with villages being the experimental units. A total of 19 villages, 113 goat herds and 1458 goats were included in the study.

Generalised linear models of survival for five cohorts of goats (defined by five different birth seasons) used a binomial assumption for the response distribution and a complementary log–log link. Explanatory variables included age, season, year, vaccination, deworming and their interactions. A complex a priori model was built on the basis of previous epidemiological knowledge; a purposively selected set of simpler models was compared to this full model by the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and derived statistics. Inference on 1-year survival and treatment effects accounted for model-selection uncertainty. It was carried out with a bootstrap procedure and used information from the whole set of selected models.

Large variations in mortality by year and season were observed but no regular seasonal pattern was apparent. Mortality probabilities of kids in dewormed groups decreased quickly after birth, but remained elevated up to 9 months of age in the non-dewormed groups. Deworming lowered the risk of mortality. Vaccination alone was not protective (except during an observed outbreak of PPR).     

西南地区农田主要种植草种及种植模式探讨

利用南方农区丰富的农田资源,大力发展草地畜牧业,引草入田,是发挥草业优势,突破农村发展瓶颈,增加农民收入的一项重要措施。探讨了西南地区农田的主要种植草种以及适宜西南地区的种植利用模式。     

Responses in carcass lean pH at 24 hours post-mortem in lines of Large White pigs selected for growth rate on a fixed ration over a set time

A restricted maximum likelihood analysis applied to an animal model showed no significant differences (P > 0.05) in pH value of the longissimus dorsi measured at 24 h post-mortem (pH24) between high and low lines of Large White pigs selected over 4 years for post-weaning growth rate on restricted feeding. Genetic and phenotypic correlations between pH24 and production and carcass traits were estimated using all performance testing records combined with the pH24 measurements (5.05–7.02) on slaughtered animals. The estimate of heritability for pH24 was moderate (0.29 ± 0.18). Genetic correlations between pH24 and production or carcass composition traits, except for ultrasonic backfat (UBF), were not significantly different from zero. UBF had a moderate, positive genetic correlation with pH24 (0.24 ± 0.33). These estimates of genetic correlations affirmed that selection for increased growth rate on restricted feeding is likely to result in limited changes in pH24 and pork quality since the selection does not put a high emphasis on reduced fatness.     

新家蚕品种“雄晓”的选育技术及性状介绍

苏州大学蚕桑研究所发明现行蚕品种转育成荧光茧色判性蚕品种的方法,新育成的蚕品种“雄晓”雄茧为黄荧光,雌茧为紫荧光,判性率100%。茧质成绩：全茧量1．499g,茧层量0．366g,茧层率24．42%,具生产实用性。