季节变化对不同品种种公牛精液品质的影响研究

 选择3~4.5岁的四个品种种公牛25头,观察季节变化对其次均采精量、平均密度、平均活力、精子畸形率、精液利用率及制冻数量的影响并进行比较。结果显示：在四季变化中,除次均采精量要显著低于国外引进品种外,鲁西牛种公牛精液的平均密度、平均活力、精子畸形率、精液利用率及次均制冻数量均表现出一定的优势。因此,鲁西牛作为地方品种受季节变化影响最小,繁殖性能更为稳定。     

猪精液冷冻保护剂研究进展

 冷冻保护剂作为精液冷冻稀释液中的添加剂,能防止和减少细胞在冷冻及复苏过程中造成的损伤,确保细胞复苏后有较高存活率。论文就国内外猪精液渗透性和非渗透性精液冷冻保护剂的作用机理、应用进展等研究进行了综述。     

转基因牛与非转基因牛性控精液分离及配种效果初探

本研究对转基因牛以及非转基因牛精液经流式细胞仪分离冷冻后精子活力、分离准确率进行了比较,同时对分离的性控冷冻精液进行了人工输精,对受体牛的情期受胎率进行了统计分析。结果表明,转基因牛与非转基因牛精液在冷冻解冻后活力以及分离准确率方面差异不显著(P>0.05);转基因牛与非转基因牛的性控冷冻精液的情期受胎率分别为57.4%、59.3%,二者之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。     

猪抗病毒精液稀释液应用效果评价

抗病毒精液稀释液在养猪企业实际应用效果表明,抗病毒精液稀释液可使公猪精液在体外恒温有效保存时间延长至6d,精子平均活力达0.7,授配母猪情期受胎率达86％,窝产仔数平均11.2头,仔猪产后死亡率减少13％,猪群健康率平均提高32％.抗病毒精液稀释液与养猪企业原用普通稀释液比较,养猪综合效益提高15％.抗病毒精液稀释液在猪人工授精中应用取得良好效果.     

维生素C和中草药添加剂对夏季种公鸡精液污染率和种蛋受精率的影响

为研究维生素C和中草药添加剂对夏季种公鸡精液污染率和种蛋受精率的影响,选取40周龄体重相近的安卡红种公鸡30只,随机分为3组,分别为维生素C组、中草药组和对照组,对照组喂基础日粮,试验组分别在基础日粮中添加250 mg/kg的维生素C和1.5％的中草药。结果表明：维生素C组和中草药组的平均精液污染率比对照组降低了24.34％和17.34％,且差异显著（P＜0.05）;维生素C组和中草药组的受精率分别比对照组提高了2.17%和4.35%,且差异显著（P＜0.05）。说明在热应激条件下,在日粮中添加适量的维生素C和中草药可显著降低种公鸡精液污染率,改善精液品质,进而提高种蛋受精率。     

不同种公牛精子分离效果的比较

本研究对使用经流式细胞仪分离的4头种公牛精液的分离速率、死精率以及分离后的雌性准确率进行了比较分析,结果表明,3号种公牛的精子分离速率显著高于1号和2号种公牛(P＜0.05);1号种公牛的死精率显著高于2号和3号种公牛(P＜0.05).但是3头种公牛精液分离后的雌性准确率没有显著差异.4号种公牛的死精率达到32％,所以没有分离.同时对3头种公牛精液分离及解冻后的活率进行了比较,结果表明,3头种公牛精液经流式细胞仪分离后鲜精活率差异不显著,冷冻后0h活率差异不显著,而在冷冻4h后的精子活率差异显著(p＜0.05).     

Artificial insemination in pigs: predicting male fertility

Efficient artificial insemination (AI) is essential for future challenges in the pig industry. Knowledge on the exact relation between semen quality characteristics and fertility can have a major impact on both the genetic merit of future animals and the efficiency of AI. Variation in fertility is caused not only by farm- or sow-related parameters but also by boar- and semen-related parameters. In pig AI there is no gold standard concerning semen quality assessment. Assessing semen quality characteristics objectively and relating them to large field fertility datasets leads to an efficient production of insemination doses, which results in an efficient dissemination/descent of the breeding program required genes. Overall, this contributes to the development of semen quality assessments, which improves the prediction of porcine male fertility. Knowing which semen characteristics, and to what extent, contribute to male fertility and makes the field fertility more predictable.     

Actions of BW540C in an equine model of acute inflammation: A preliminary study

Summary

An equine model of acute non‐immune inflammation has been developed to facilitate studies of the inflammatory process and the actions of novel anti‐inflammatory drugs. Five polyester sponge strips soaked in sterile 2% carrageenin solution were placed in subcutaneous pouches prepared under local anaesthesia in the necks of conscious ponies. Serial removal of the strips and harvesting of the exudate enabled studies to be made of the cellular, biochemical and mediator aspects of the localised, acute inflammation, and the heat generated by the lesion was monitored by infra‐red thermometry. Maximal concentrations of the eicosanoids 6‐keto‐prostaglandin F_1α, thromboxane B₂ and leukotriene B, occurred at 9 h, whereas leukocyte numbers, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and total protein concentrations were greatest at 24 h. Lesional skin temperature was increased by approximately 4°C throughout the 24 h period. The novel anti‐inflammatory agent BW540C, administered orally at a dose‐rate of 20 mg/kg, did not affect leukocyte infiltration or the concentrations of protein, LDH and eicosanoids in exudate but serum thromboxane B₂ levels were reduced. Skin temperature rises were greater in drug‐treated animals.

It is concluded that higher doses of BW540C will be required for a clinically useful anti‐inflammatory action in horses.     

甘肃高山细毛羊细管鲜精低温保存效果研究

为了研究甘肃高山细毛羊种公羊细管精液低温保存的效果.用葡萄糖、柠檬酸钠、鲜奶和卵黄为主要成分配制了3种稀释液,10倍稀释精液,并在4℃保存,分别在12h,24 h,36h,48 h,60h和72 h观测精子活力和人工授精受胎率.结果显示,配方Ⅲ稀释精液后,细管封装,4℃保存,72 h后精子活力可达0.49,与配方Ⅰ和Ⅱ差异显著,而且配方Ⅲ稀释精液后,在远距离输精后受胎率可达78.3％.以柠檬酸钠和葡萄糖为基础,添加卵黄和TCM199,在4℃下,能有效保护甘肃高山细毛羊精液,延长精子寿命,且在3d内可以满足远距离人工授精要求,有效利用种公羊价值.     

Salmonella serotypes in wild boars (Sus scrofa) hunted in northern Italy

Background

Salmonella species (spp.) are zoonotic enteric bacteria able to infect humans, livestock and wildlife.However, little is known about the prevalence and the presence of the different serovars in wildlife. Considering the wide distribution of wild boars and the feeding behaviour (omnivorous scavengers), wild boars may be a good indicator for environmental presence of Salmonella spp. The aims of this study were to determine the presence of Salmonella spp. in hunted wild boars and to determine the serotype the isolated strains.

Findings

Over three hunting seasons, the intestinal contents of 1,313 boars hunted in northern Italy were sampled and cultured. Salmonella spp. were isolated from 326 boars (24.82%). Thirty different serovars belonging to three different S. enterica spp. were found. Twenty-one serovars of S. enterica subsp. Enterica were found including the human pathogens S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis. In addition, nine serovars belonging to S.enterica subsp. diarizonae and S. enterica subsp. houtenae were detected.

Conclusions

Considering the widespread occurrence of wild boars in Europe, the epidemiological role of this species in relation to salmonellosis might be relevant and should be further investigated. Wild boars may act as healthy carriers of a wide range of Salmonella serotypes.