在ERDASIMAGINE中建立邯郸市TM影像土地类型解译标志

为了准确地了解邯郸市的土地利用类型,掌握土地资源的发展动态,在ERDASIMAGINE软件支持下,将Landsat 5号卫星所得的TM4、3、2波段数据组合输出成为标准假彩色影像,对其进行几何校正、重采样、图像裁剪与镶嵌等操作,依据遥感图像特征、地物相关关系、区域特点和全国土地利用分类系统,对处理后所得的邯郸市TM影像建立土地类型解译标志。经过实地验证,其结果判正率比较高,可以满足解译精度的要求,这说明利用遥感技术建立土地利用类型解译标志是可行的。     

水准仪的校正以及校正时应注意的事项

文章介绍了在野外作业中对水准仪检查与校正的方法,并且提出在校正时应注意的事项。     

基于灰色聚类法的乌鲁木齐市空气质量状况研究

采用灰色聚类分析方法,对乌市2000～2004年和2005年12个月的大气污染物进行多因子污染等级评价。结果表明2000年至2004年乌市大气质量状况变化总体较稳定并向清洁程度发展;2005年12个月的大气质量状况受到采暖期和非采暖期的影响较大。     

Reliability model for Subsystems of CNC machine tool with small samples

Many subsystems in CNC machine tool have only a few failures, so they are small samples. In this case, classical reliability modeling method often has large errors. For the failure data of small sample, maximum likelihood estimation method is used to estimate the Weibull distribution model parameters of time between failures of the subsystems. Then, the Weibull distribution model parameters are modified by parameter bias correction method. Finally, the effect of bias correction parametersis tested by the D test and the error area ratio test method. The test results show that the modified models are better.     

Enhancing the Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEB) approach for estimating landscape ET: Validation with the METRIC model

Evapotranspiration (ET) can be derived from satellite data using surface energy balance principles. METRIC (Mapping EvapoTranspiration at high Resolution with Internalized Calibration) is one of the most widely used models available in the literature to estimate ET from satellite imagery. The Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEB) model is much easier and less expensive to implement. The main purpose of this research was to present an enhanced version of the Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEB) model and to evaluate its performance using the established METRIC model. In this study, SSEB and METRIC ET fractions were compared using 7 Landsat images acquired for south central Idaho during the 2003 growing season. The enhanced SSEB model compared well with the METRIC model output exhibiting an r² improvement from 0.83 to 0.90 in less complex topography (elevation less than 2000 m) and with an improvement of r² from 0.27 to 0.38 in more complex (mountain) areas with elevation greater than 2000 m. Independent evaluation showed that both models exhibited higher variation in complex topographic regions, although more with SSEB than with METRIC. The higher ET fraction variation in the complex mountainous regions highlighted the difficulty of capturing the radiation and heat transfer physics on steep slopes having variable aspect with the simple index model, and the need to conduct more research. However, the temporal consistency of the results suggests that the SSEB model can be used on a wide range of elevation (more successfully up 2000 m) to detect anomalies in space and time for water resources management and monitoring such as for drought early warning systems in data scarce regions. SSEB has a potential for operational agro-hydrologic applications to estimate ET with inputs of surface temperature, NDVI, DEM and reference ET.     

农用小动力机的排气对大气的污染

着重讨论了农用动力机的排气对大气的污染。在对柴油机进行全功率特性试验和自由加速试验的基础上,分析了现有农用动力机在排烟方面存在的问题,并提出今后改进措施。     

1980～2005年广东农民持久收入与消费的协整分析

文章根据弗里德曼的持久收入理论，应用单位根检验、协整检验以及误差修正模型分析等一系列经济计量方法，对1980～2005年广东农民持久收入与消费支出的关系进行了研究．实证结果表明，广东农民的持久收入与消费支出关系密切；农民的消费支出强烈地依赖于其收入的增加；前期的收入支出节余对当期的消费支出影响很大．     

遥感区域大小对森林蓄积估测影响规律的研究

该文将 1幅TM遥感图像分别分成 1 4及 1 2幅 ,通过实例分析了 1 4,1 2及整幅TM图像所能达到的几何精校正精度 .然后 ,以样地对应的遥感和GIS信息为影响森林蓄积估测的变量 ,采用最小二乘原理及岭迹分析 ,研究了上述 3种不同面积幅值图像对应林区影响森林蓄积估测的主要变量 .由 3种不同面积遥感区域蓄积估测方程中所含变量的个数、种类及预报精度 ,详细分析了遥感区域大小对蓄积估测的影响规律     

基于GIS的广东干旱逐日动态模拟与评估

参考帕默尔（Pahner）旱度模式中土壤水分平衡概念，提出以逐日气温和降水资料，逐日滚动模拟土壤有效水分，并以下层土壤有效含水量构建干旱强度动态指数（DDI）．借助GIS技术和包括经度、纬度、海拔、坡度、坡向5个环境因子的地理订正模型，对离散DDI资料进行1km空间分辨率的精细化反演，能够清晰刻画地形、地貌对干旱程度空间分布的影响．结合土地利用信息，开发业务系统，实现对广东干旱发生、发展及其强度、范围的实时动态监测和评估，为选择合适的时机和地点开展人工增雨作业提供指挥决策依据，并对作业效果进行定量评估．     

林木昆虫演变为重大害虫的主要环境因子

综述了有关林木害虫产生的环境机制，主要包括大气污染、干旱、全球气候变化、外来有害生物的入侵、害虫自身生物学特性与森林经营模式的影响等，以便为害虫的综合防治提供基础理论资料。同时提出今后研究方向：树种、害虫、天敌和生存环境4者关系开展研究，特别调控森林生态系统的主体一植被的时空结构；同时协调运用与环境和其他有益物种的生存和发展和谐的各类措施，将害虫控制在不成灾水平，并在时空上达到可持续控制的效果。表2参33