不同释放期控释肥和水氮用量对冬小麦产量的综合影响

为揭示不同释放期控释肥及其水肥用量对冬小麦产量的影响，优化冬小麦水氮管理措施，采用裂区设计进行田间试验，以灌水量为主处理，施氮量和控释肥类型分别为副处理和次副处理，其中，灌水量设30、60和90 mm；施氮量设0、75、150和225 kg/hm2的施肥梯度；控释肥类型包括释放期分别为60、120 d的聚氨酯包膜尿素（PCU60，PCU120），以普通尿素作为对照（U）。结果表明：灌水量、施氮量、控释肥类型单一因素均对冬小麦有效穗数、千粒质量、干物质质量、籽粒产量有显著影响。各因素两两之间的交互作用对籽粒产量有显著影响。相较于U处理，增加灌水使PCU60产量平均提高308 kg/hm2，PCU120产量平均下降270 kg/hm2；增施氮肥刚好相反，使PCU60产量平均下降289 kg/hm2，PCU120产量平均提高118 kg/hm2。根据所构建3种肥料的水氮生产函数可知，在U处理取得最高理论产量6 823 kg/hm2时的水氮用量下，2种释放期的控释肥PCU120和PCU60可分别获得14.31%和12.08%的增产效果。利用水氮生产函数和频率分析法得到不同控释肥类型获得较高产量的水氮用量区间，以PCU120产量最高、所需灌水量最低，分别为7 744～7 826 kg/hm2、47.72～52.28 mm；PCU60所需施氮量最低，为145.42～187.91 kg/hm2。综合考虑增产节肥节水效果，推荐PCU120为冬小麦季适宜的控释肥类型，其适宜水氮用量区间分别为47.72～52.28 mm、159.23～199.47 kg/hm2。     

凉山半细毛羊新品种的选育技术与经验

凉山半细毛羊新品种的育成,是采用表型选择和基因型选择相结合产生的结果。在初生期、断奶期、育成期和成年期采取表型鉴定、逐步选择淘汰的制度。根据羔羊断奶期性状与育成期性状之间的显著相关性对羔羊单性状进行早期选择。应用同期发情与后裔测验相结合的方法,对种公羊基因型值用BLUP法进行选择。同时,加强育种工作的组织领导,组建独具特色的三级繁育体系,改善育种羊群的饲养管理条件,圆满完成了国家下达的半细毛羊新品种选育的任务,填补了国内粗档半细毛羊品种的空白。     

草原管理如何面对WTO初探

分析了我国加入WTO后草原管理中存在的问题及对策。     

森林主产利用计划系统编制工作初探

森林经营方案的编制与实施是提高森林经营水平的重要步骤。在编案中森林主产利用计划系统的编制是关键的工作。本文针对森林主产利用系统在编制过程中存在的问题，提出解决问题的途径、方法及其前景。     

柳杉花粉的散发规律

柳杉花粉囊为纵向开裂，雄球花在雨季对花粉具有保护功能；雌雄球花和花粉都对风媒传播发生了适庆性变化；花粉的散发，传播，沉降和空间分布，出现规律性变化，并受降水，气温，风力和大气湿度的综合影响。针对花粉散发特性，提出了经营种子园的有关建议。     

Impact of postovulatory food deprivation on the ova transport, hormonal profiles and metabolic changes in sows.

The effect of food deprivation on ova transport, hormonal profiles and metabolic changes was studied in 20 crossbred multiparous sows during their second oestrus after weaning. To determine the time of ovulation, transrectal ultrasonographic examination was performed. The sows were divided into 2 groups, one control group (C-group), which was fed according to Swedish standards, and one experimental group (E-group). The E-group sows were deprived of food from the first morning meal after ovulation until slaughter. Blood samples were collected every second hour from about 12 h before expected ovulation in the second oestrus after weaning until slaughter and were analysed for progesterone, prostaglandin F2 alpha-metabolite, insulin, glucose, free fatty acids and triglycerides. All sows were slaughtered approximately 48 h after ovulation and the genital tract was recovered. The isthmic part of the oviduct was divided into 3 equally long segments and flushed separately with phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Uterine horns were also flushed with PBS. A significantly greater number of ova were found in the first and second part of the isthmus in the E-group (p = 0.05) while in the C-group most of the ova were found in the third part of the isthmus or the uterus (p = 0.01). The level of prostaglandin F2 alpha-metabolite was significantly higher in the E-group compared with the C-group. The concentration of progesterone increased in both groups after ovulation but there were no significant differences between the groups. The other blood parameters showed that the food-deprived sows were in a catabolic state. The 48 h period of fasting results, directly or indirectly in an delayed ova transport, which may be due to a delayed relaxation in the smooth circular muscle layer of the isthmus.     

高山地区美国黑树莓的栽培和管理

论述了美国黑树莓在泰顺高山地区引种栽培时应注意的引种栽培时间和栽培方法以及生产中应注意的搭架牵引、整形修剪、水肥管理等技术,最后分析讨论了其开发现状和今后的发展前景.     

兵团农机产业化的若干思考

农机产业化是社会分工细化、生产专业化深化的必然产物，其实质是传统农业转变为现代产业的过程。日前，兵团农机产业化进程中存在着一些问题。为此，结合兵团实际，提出了推进农机产业化发展的基本思路。     

论科技情报的信息媒介意义

科技情报作为一种重要的信息媒介。作者着重地阐述了其具备的宏观俯瞰,微观入里的导引功能。就其科技情报意义与林业科研及生产领域上的信息交流而言提出了自己的见解。     

金华市农业机械化投入机制初探

农业机械化是农业现代化的基础，是现代化的先决条件，发展农业机械化迫切需要加大投入。为此，分析了金华市现阶段农机化投入的现状及存在的问题；提出了通过建立政府、集体、信贷、农户、外资等“多位一体”的投入机制，加大农机化投入，促进农机化事业健康发展的思路。