博落回急性及亚慢性毒性试验

博落回对小鼠经口急性毒性和对大鼠腹腔注射慢性毒性试验结果表明：博落回生物碱硫酸盐对昆明系小鼠的急性毒性为：水溶液ＬＤ５０＝９００ｍｇ·ｋｇ＾－１，水混悬液ＬＤ５０＝１０４３ｍｇ·ｋｇ＾－１，均属低毒级。博落回注射液对Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠亚慢性毒作用的靶器官主要为肝，长时间或大剂量接毒引起肝细胞变性，增生，使雄性动物肝／体比明显增高，而血清谷－丙转氯酶下降。     

籼粳亚种杂交组合的结实率与光合产物供给水平及转运效率间的关系

通过剪除部分颖花和部分功能叶片以及~(14)CO_2标记光合产物等处理,探讨了亚种组合结实率偏低的生理原因。结果证明:光合产物供给水平是制约亚种组合结实率的一个十分重要的因素。虽然亚种组合的叶面积指数和单株叶面积比常规籼稻大得多,但由于每穗颖花数多。以至每朵颖花占有的叶面积并无明显优势,且其光合速率低于常规籼稻,因而分配给每朵颖花的光合产物量相对减少,限制了部分颖花的发育。~(14)C光合产物分配到穗部的比率不但不低于常规籼稻,而且比其略高,说明亚种组合输导组织的运输能力不是结实率偏低的限制因素。     

低溶胀壳聚糖/丝素蛋白复合膜的制备及性能测试

为改善单纯壳聚糖膜用作医用创面敷料在湿环境下的力学性能,将壳聚糖(CS)和家蚕丝素蛋白(SF)混合,采用延流法制备壳聚糖/丝素蛋白(CS/SF)复合膜。物理与机械性能测试表明:CS/SF复合膜的溶胀率较单纯CS膜显著降低,且其溶胀能力具有pH依赖性;CS/SF复合膜的水蒸气透过率较单纯CS膜略有下降,但仍保持在2 043～3 363 g/(m2.d);CS/SF复合膜在湿环境下的力学强度较单纯CS膜显著提高,当加入SF的质量分数为15%时,复合膜的力学性能最好,其拉伸强度为34.5 MPa±1.8 MPa,比单纯CS膜提高近18%,而其断裂伸长率也由初始的83.1%±6.7%提高到119.3%±8.2%。CS/SF复合膜具有较好的药物释放性能,对抗感染药物盐酸万古霉素表现出在初始1 h内的突释行为和随后较长时期的缓释行为,十分有利于降低感染和加速伤口愈合。此外,CS/SF复合膜对STO小鼠胚成纤维细胞具有良好的生物相容性。各项性能测试显示CS/SF复合膜作为医用敷料具有潜在的应用前景。     

Leaf chlorophyll content as a possible diagnostic mean for the evaluation of plant nitrogen uptake from the soil

The influence of temperature, irradiance, and soil humidity on the nitrogen (N) concentration in some organs, chlorophyll in the leaves, N uptake and accumulation of dry matter in plants of winter wheat was investigated. In the plants grown under equal initial N supplement but in contrasting conditions of the evironment, the correlation between concentration of total N and chlorophyll in the leaves was absent. No interrelationship was found between concentration of total N in the leaves and accumulation of N and dry matter in the whole plants. There is a close correlation between chlorophyll in the leaves, accumulation of total N, and dry matter of the whole plant. It was concluded that chlorophyll is a more stable informative parameter for the estimation of the N uptake from the soil under different growth conditions than leaf N concentration.     

Economics of p fertilization of two soybean varieties at Jabalpur,M.P., India

Abstract

An economic interpretation was applied to a soybean yield prediction equation derived from data obtained in an experiment at Jabalpur, M.F. It was shown that no level of applied P could substitute for variety selection in terms of either soybean yield or economic returns per ha. Illustrative examples of the minimum price that must be obtained for soybeans before it is profitable to use P fertilizer for given price situations were shown.     

植物组织培养中有机添加物应用研究

植物组织培养中,在培养基内加入有机添加物,对培养物的分化、增殖有明显促进作用。文章综述了有机添加物的作用及其目前在植物组织培养中的应用情况。     

医药院校食品添加剂课程教学探讨

为满足现代社会对食品添加剂安全及使用的要求,培养学生具有合理选择、正确使用食品添加剂以及分析、解决实际问题的能力,对食品添加剂课程定位、教学内容和教学方法进行探索,以期提高食品添加剂课程教学质量.     

“芪蓝饮”及不同提取成分对NDV在鸡胚成纤维细胞中增殖的影响

为评价新兽药"芪蓝饮"及其不同提取成分的体外抗病毒活性,本试验通过细胞病变抑制法和MTT比色法检测了各提取成分对新城疫病毒(NDV)感染鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)过程的影响。结果显示,在3种加药方式中"芪蓝饮"原药(QLY)直接杀灭NDV的作用最强,其抑制率最高为128.85%;原药总多糖(TPS)干扰NDV的增殖作用最强,其抑制率最高为130.23%;原药总萜类(TT)直接杀灭NDV的作用最强,其抑制率最高为146.15%;板蓝根总生物碱(RIA)及其水溶性部位(RIAw)和酸性部位(RIAa)对抗NDV的方式是多环节的。综上所述,"芪蓝饮"及其提取成分表现出较强的干扰NDV增殖和直接杀灭NDV的作用,而阻断作用稍弱。     

Observations of flow patterns in a model of a marine fish larvae rearing tank

There are few studies on flow fields generated by aerators in fish larvae rearing tanks. The flow varies with aeration rates and tank proportions resulting in different larvae survival rates. The effects of aeration rate and aspect ratio AR (the ratio of liquid depth to tank radius) on overall flow patterns were investigated experimentally using flow visualization techniques. Two distinct types of flow patterns, a single-pair vortex system and a two-pair vortex system, were observed as the value of tank aspect ratio varied from about 1.0 to 2.0. In addition, corner vortex structures were observed in both the region between the free surface and the upper sidewall, and between the bottom wall and the lower sidewall of the tank. On the sidewall, reattachment and separation points were found, which were closely related with these vortex structures.     

Genotypic Variation of Sweetpotatoes Grown Under Low Potassium Stress

Abstract

Ninety‐four sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) genotypes were compared under low potassium (K) stress (35 mg kg^?1 dry soil) over two growing seasons. Potassium utilization efficiency ratio (KER), defined as the dry matter weight/K content, was significantly different among genotypes. Genotypes were divisible into four KER categories: high efficient, efficient, fairly efficient and inefficient with most of the genotypes falling in the efficient and fairly efficient groups. The K contents varied significantly within individual plants. Potassium concentration on a dry weight basis was greatest in the petioles followed by leaves, stems, and roots. On a total plant basis, K content in roots was greatest followed by stems, leaves, and petioles. Several genotypes (including 602 × 81‐3, Zhe15‐47 and Xushu18) were selected as most suitable for growth on soils low in available K due to their appreciable yields and higher KER under low K stress.