不同保存温度对几个梨品种花粉生活力的影响

对5个梨品种的花粉进行了不同温度条件下的保存试验.结果表明:保存前花粉发芽率较高,随着室温保存时间的延长,花粉的发芽率迅速下降.60 d后,各品种梨的花粉发芽率降低到10%以下.红酥脆、满天红、黄金梨、奥冠红梨和台湾雪梨分别降为3.8%、3.7%、4.6%、5.8%、5.1%.因此,室温长期保存花粉效果较差.但若进行短时间(5～10 d)贮藏,其保存效果还是比较理想的.低温保存条件下,随着保存时间的延长,各品种梨花粉的生活力下降不太明显,4 ℃下和-20℃下保存60 d后,花粉的生活力仍然在74%和78%以上,而-20℃下保存的花粉生活力较4℃稍强,因此,在-20℃下较长时间保存梨花粉效果更为理想.     

稻种资源低温贮藏生活力跟踪监测与种质更新（英文）

53 rice germplasm resources warehoused during 1981-1984 were regarded as materials to monitor the viability at warehouse time and different years after warehoused.The results showed that seed germination rates of different rice germplasm resources assumed descending trend in storage,with annual decreasing rate between 0.12%-3.05%;the seed germination rates of most cultivars were above 75% after stored for 26 years;forecasting analysis based on the germination rate of 75% as reference showed a huge difference of safe storage life for different rice germplasm resources,ranging from 12 to 50 years,even longer time.The results suggest that track monitoring on viability and regeneration of rice cultivars is of great importance for germplasm resources conservation.     

榆叶梅花粉贮藏及生活力的测定

对不同品种的榆叶梅新鲜花粉及贮藏后花粉的生活力进行测定的结果表明：品种不同，花粉生活力及耐贮力均不相同，其中单辨品种的生活力和耐贮力最强。榆叶梅花粉最适萌发培养基成分为15％蔗糖 2％琼脂。花粉的适宜贮藏条件为0-4℃低温黑暗条件。     

山核桃离体花粉活力初步研究

利用FCR方法对不同散粉期和不同贮藏条件下山核桃花粉生活力进行了测定。结果表明:在散粉周期中,花粉生活力变化平均值呈正态分布,散粉盛期花粉具最高生活力。不同贮藏条件对保持花粉生活力具有显著影响,随着贮藏时间的增长,花粉活力逐渐递减,室温贮藏条件下递减最快,30 d内仅有8%左右具有生活力,而在室温干燥条件下,花粉可保持90 d有活性;4℃贮藏条件下,180 d还有9%的花粉具有活性,而在4℃干燥贮藏条件下活力更高(23%);-40℃贮藏条件下,不管干燥与不干燥花粉均会保持较高的活性(48%和81%),完全可以用于来年的辅助授粉。     

矮牵牛花粉生命力测定方法的研究

以矮牵牛的新鲜花粉为试材,利用单因子试验比较了液体培养基中蔗糖及硼、钙、镁、钾对矮牵牛花粉萌发的影响,在此基础上进行了L25(56)的正交试验,比较了H3BO3、CaCl2及其交互作用对矮牵牛花粉萌发的影响;通过对醋酸洋红染色法、次甲基兰染色法、TTC染色法和过氧化物酶沉淀法四种方法的比较,寻找快速测定矮牵牛花粉生命力的方法.试验结果表明:H3BO3、CaCl2、H3BO3×CaCl2的交互作用对矮牵牛花粉萌发有显著影响.适宜的花粉培养液为:蔗糖150g/L H3BO3 20mg/L CaCl2 10mg/L;过氧化物酶沉淀法是快速测定矮牵牛花粉生命力的最适染色法.     

In vitro culture of equine respiratory mucosa explants

An in vitro model of the upper respiratory tract of the horse was developed to investigate mechanisms of respiratory diseases. Four tissues of the upper respiratory tract of three horses were collected. Explants were maintained in culture at an air–liquid interface for 96 h. At 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h of cultivation, a morphometric analysis was performed using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The explants were judged on morphometric changes of epithelium, basement membrane and connective tissue. Viability was evaluated using a fluorescent Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP Nick End Labelling (TUNEL) staining. No significant changes in morphometry and viability of any of the explants were observed during cultivation. Hence, the in vitro model may be useful to study infectious and non-infectious diseases at the level of the equine respiratory tract, with potential application to the development of vaccines and treatments for diseases of the respiratory tract.     

An approach for ensuring minimum protected area size in systematic conservation planning

One of the most efficient approaches for designing protected area (PA) networks is to use systematic conservation planning software. A number of software packages are available and all of them include a spatial cost or constraint component in their prioritisation algorithms, which allow the user to determine the level of fragmentation of the final PA system. Many conservation planners want to set minimum PA size thresholds, as small PAs are less viable and more expensive to manage, but this can only be achieved with existing software packages by repeatedly reducing the fragmentation levels of the PA system until every PA meets the threshold. Such an approach is inefficient because it increases the size of every PA, not just the smaller ones. Here we describe MinPatch, a software package developed to overcome this problem by manipulating outputs from the Marxan conservation planning software, so that every PA meets the user-defined size threshold. We then investigate the impacts of this approach with a dataset from the Maputaland Centre of Endemism, and find that using MinPatch to meet the PA thresholds is a much more efficient approach than using Marxan alone. We also show that setting a minimum PA threshold can have important effects on where new PAs are located when compared with Marxan outputs. Based on these results, we recommend that conservation planners use MinPatch whenever they want each PA in a network to meet a minimum size threshold.     

不同颜色羊草种子对其发芽率及愈伤组织诱导的影响研究

[目的]探讨不同颜色类型羊草种子对发芽率及愈伤组织诱导率的影响。[方法]根据羊草种子的颜色,将羊草种子分为浅黄色、黄色和黑色3种类型,进行了羊草种子发芽、愈伤组织诱导研究。[结果]浅黄色羊草种子的在各颜色类型羊草种子中发芽率、出愈率较高,发芽率、出愈率分别为32.5%、28.5%。通过TTC活力测定、电导率测定,发现种子活力随着羊草种子颜色的加深而降低。[结论]该研究为建立羊草高频再生体系奠定了基础。     

MTT法在木醋杆菌活力检测中的应用

[目的]采用MTT法测定木醋杆菌静置培养时的活力,旨在探索一种快速检测木醋杆菌生长及繁殖的方法。[方法]以木醋杆菌为研究对象,探讨MTT法用于细菌计数的可行性及测量细菌数量的范围,并研究反应时间、MTT的用量、离心力等试验条件对MTT法的测定效果的影响。[结果]木醋杆菌活菌数在3.90×105～1.25×107cfu/ml范围内测出的OD570值与细菌浓度呈良好的正相关,且MTT法最优的试验条件是离心力7 000 g、孵育时间4 h,MTT添加量30μl,测量前用DMSO溶解。[结论]MTT法可快速、方便的检测木醋杆菌活力。     

橙色大白菜原生质体的游离和纯化

以橙色大白菜金冠2号为试材,就其子叶及下胚轴原生质体游离、纯化方法及影响因素等进行了研究.结果表明:适宜金冠2号子叶原生质体游离的条件为CPW+DPD培养基+0.8%纤维素酶R-10+0.1%离析酶R-10+0.5 mol/L甘露醇+10 mM CaCl2·2H2O+0.7 mMKH2PO4+0.1% MES,酶解温度27℃,酶解时间2 h,产量达3.52×106个/g·FW,活力60.3%;适宜金冠2号下胚轴原生质体游离的条件为CPW+DPD培养基+1.5%纤雏素酶R-10+0.3%离析酶R.10+0.5 mol/L甘露醇+10 mM CaCl2·2 H2O+0.7 mM KH2PO4+0.1% MES,酶解时间18 h,产量达2.20×106个/(g·FW),活力63.7%.而且以21%蔗糖,800 rpm等密度梯度法离心5min纯化原生质体效果最佳.