模拟酸雨对杜英幼苗生长及养分元素含量的影响

模拟不同酸雨浓度(pH2.5、4.0、5.6)对杜英幼苗进行喷淋控制实验,研究不同酸梯度条件下杜英幼苗的生长及养分元素含量特征,结果表明:(1)对照组(pH7.0)全株干重约为酸处理组的2倍,酸雨处理对植株生长产生抑制作用,其中对茎部影响最为明显。(2)与pH2.5和pH5.6相比,pH4.0处理组全株干重最大,且根冠比最低,说明植株对pH4.0酸雨有较好的适应性。该处理下,植株体内氮、磷元素含量均较高,钾、镁元素含量在茎中较高,在根中较低。(3)随着酸处理组pH值的降低,植株叶片中钾、硫含量呈明显降低趋势,铁含量呈明显增高趋势;茎中铁含量呈明显增高趋势;根中锌含量呈明显降低趋势。(4)酸雨对杜英幼苗体内硫元素含量有一定的抑制作用,且pH 5.6处理组叶、根中的硫含量显著高于pH 2.5和pH 4.0,即酸雨带来的硫输入在植株体内非但没有出现硫富集现象,反而产生淋失现象。     

退火温度Tm对小麦SSR扩增结果的影响探究

以西科麦4号、N 48和铭贤169为材料,探究退火温度Tm对小麦SSR扩增结果的影响.在最佳PCR扩增体系下,55对小麦SSR的Xgwm引物中,除去18对无扩增产物的引物外,余下可以分为Tm对扩增结果无影响和Tm对扩增结果有不同影响2大类.结果表明,退火温度Tm对扩增结果有影响且每对引物都有其扩增的合适扩增温度.     

Optimizing selection with several constraints in poultry breeding

Poultry breeding schemes permanently face the need to control the evolution of coancestry and some critical traits, while selecting for a main breeding objective. The main aims of this article are first to present an efficient selection algorithm adapted to this situation and then to measure how the severity of constraints impacted on the degree of loss for the main trait, compared to BLUP selection on the main trait, without any constraint. Broiler dam and sire line schemes were mimicked by simulation over 10 generations and selection was carried out on the main trait under constraints for coancestry and for another trait, antagonistic with the main trait. The selection algorithm was a special simulated annealing (adaptative simulated annealing (ASA)). It was found to be rapid and able to meet constraints very accurately. A constraint on the second trait was found to induce an impact similar to or even greater than the impact of the constraint on coancestry. The family structure of selected poultry populations made it easy to control the evolution of coancestry at a reasonable cost but was not as useful for reducing the cost of controlling evolution of the antagonistic traits. Multiple constraints impacted almost additively on the genetic gain for the main trait. Adding constraints for several traits would therefore be justified in real life breeding schemes, possibly after evaluating their impact through simulated annealing.     

A Simulated Annealing Arithmetic Based on Uniform Design

Some ideas of uniform design in the test design are introduced into Simulated Annealing Arithmetic and a new method of design based on uniform design is discussed. The global optimal solutions of nonlinear multi-peak function can be found by this method. A series of uniformly distributed points are generated by the principle of the uniform design in variable design space. These points are regarded as a series of start points of the optimization model. The Simulated Annealing Arithmetic is chosen to compute and a series of local minimum values can be gained. Before compared with each other, the best value of all local minimum values can be found out, the value is thought as the global minimum in some degree. According to the method, a program is compiled and an example of design is implemented. The result of the example testifies that the method is feasible.     

模拟退火算法在储粮害虫图像识别中的应用

简要介绍了储粮害虫智能检测的几个部分:图像采集、图像预处理、特征形成、特征压缩及其分类。对特征选择中的模拟退火算法的思想、实现步骤、参数选择分析等进行了重声、阐述,该算法有效地将储粮害虫的17维原始形态学特征降为10维,提高了分类的效率。     

基于改进遗传算法的图像恢复

论述了基于遗传算法的图像恢复方法 ,提出了将模拟退火法和遗传算法相结合求解图像非线性最优化问题的算法。改进的算法提高了进化速度和全局寻优的能力 ,从而提高了图像的复原度 ,实验结果表明算法是有效可行的。     

模拟酸雨对青菜叶片若干显微结构和生理变化影响的初步研究

本文描述了模拟酸雨(pH2.0、3.0、3.5、4.0、5.6)处理的田间种植青菜叶片若干生理特性如叶绿素含量、细胞膜透性、叶片活力等的变化并使用扫描电子显微镜和透析电子显微镜的方法观察了叶片的微观损伤、气孔开度及叶绿体、线粒体等细胞器。结果表明:暴露于模拟酸雨的青菜叶片的微观损伤出现在宏观损伤之前,而所测定的若干特性均有某种程度的变化。气孔开度受到了降雨酸度的影响,细胞内层的叶绿体、线粒体等结构发生了一些变化。     

模拟降水对短花针茅荒漠草原土壤呼吸的影响

试验在内蒙古四子王旗短花针茅荒漠草原开展,旨在研究模拟降水对土壤呼吸、土壤温度和土壤湿度的影响。在长期不同放牧平台增设4个不同降水处理(减水50%、自然降水、增水50%和增水100%)。于2016年7月~10月使用土壤碳通量测试仪器(Li-8100)测量土壤呼吸速率,同时用仪器自带的温、湿度探针监测0~10cm土壤温度和0~5cm土壤体积含水量。结果表明:随着降水量的增加,土壤呼吸和土壤湿度呈现显著增加趋势,土壤温度显著降低(P<0.05);7月~10月土壤呼吸速率呈现下降趋势;土壤呼吸与0~10cm土壤温度和0~5cm体积含水量之间存在极显著正相关关系,决定系数分别是0.3117和0.7307(P<0.0001)。结果表明,水分是影响荒漠草原土壤呼吸的关键因子之一。     

感应式导体韧炼机的研究

从感应式导体韧炼机的工作原理，推导出导体连续退火的电流电压与工艺参数相关的方程。试验表明，退火后的铜导体的机械和物理指标均符合国家标准，与传统工艺相比，不仅连续退火快速，而且具有节能，不打火，导体表面的光泽好等特点。     

果蔬表面静电涂敷模拟试验

在前期静电涂敷高压电极优化结构试验基础上，分析了通常食用的果蔬形状，选择用铁板制成的直径范围为2－10cm的圆筒作为模拟物。取模拟圆简直径、电极电压和喷枪喷嘴角度3个因素以及涂敷系数和涂层径向角度2个测试参数进行了311－A回归最优设计。取1％CMC和1％食用海藻酸钠（SAAA）的水溶液作涂敷保鲜剂，按回归设计要求分别在栅网和芒刺两种优化电极上模拟试验，得出12个涂敷系数和12个涂层径向角度的回归方程。通过寻优处理，得出了两种保鲜剂的完全涂敷范围。