Resveratrol inhibits chondrosarcoma via mitochondrial and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways

AIM：To investigate the inhibitory effects of resveratrol on chondrosarcoma and the relation with mitochondrial and PI3K/Akt pathways. METHODS：Chondrosarcoma SW1353 cells were treated with resveratrol at concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 μmol/L for the time intervals of 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. The viability and apoptosis of the SW1353 cells in the presence or absence of resveratrol were analyzed by CCK8 assay and Hoechst 33258 staining, respectively. The protein levels of Bcl-2, Bax, activated caspase-3, Akt and p-Akt were detected by Western blotting. The cell migration ability was determined by wound scratch assay. RESULTS：Exposure of the cells to resveratrol resulted in a decrease in the cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P<0.05). visible nuclei with apoptotic characteristics in resveratrol group were observed. The protein levels of activated caspase-3 and Bax were increased, and Bcl-2 and p-Akt were decreased compared with control group. The total Akt were not significantly changed. Resveratrol also significantly reduced the migration of tumor cells. CONCLUSION：Resveratrol induces apoptosis of chondrosarcoma, which plays a role of part through mitochondrial and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways.     

水体中Ca2+、Mg2+、K+对南美白对虾淡化苗生存的影响

通过南美白对虾淡化苗在放养水体不同Ca^2 、Mg^2 、K^ 浓度下成活率的试验，初步阐明了水质因子对淡化苗成活率的影响，提出了淡化苗在投放淡水养殖中水质调配的要求，以保证放苗的成活率。     

Isolation of a novel hepatic CYP2-related protein from channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus

Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) have been previously shown to express two major cytochrome P450 (CYP) protein bands that are cross-reactive with anti-CYP2K1 (rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss) antibodies on Western blots. These proteins appear to be the major constitutive CYPs in channel catfish and show distinct sex- and age-specific variations in expression. Because I. punctatus is an important agricultural and ecological commodity, and because it displays a high degree of resistance to the toxic effects of many pesticides, the molecular and catalytic characteristics of its biotransformation systems are of interest to those in areas of environmental science and aquaculture research. Using a chromatographic method similar to that employed in the purification of other fish CYP2 enzymes, a single CYP2-related protein (CM-HA3) was isolated from channel catfish hepatic microsomes. The isolated protein displays a relative molecular mass of approximately 47 kDa, and a CO-reduced difference spectrum _max of 449.6 nm. The sequence of 15 residues at the amino-terminal of CM-HA3 is 27% identical to both CYP2K1 and CYP2M1 isoforms of rainbow trout. Correlational analysis was employed to characterize potential substrates for this isoform, but no significant relationship was observed with E₂ hydroxylation, testosterone hydroxylation, or 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase activities. These data indicate that CM-HA3 is a CYP2 family protein, with as yet uncharacterized substrate specificities.     

Effect of dietary vitamin C supplementation on the oxygen consumption, ammonia-N excretion and Na/K ATPase of Macrobrachium nipponense exposed to ambient ammonia

The 96-h LC₅₀ of ammonia-N and the effects of dietary vitamin C on oxygen consumption, ammonia-N excretion and Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity of Macrobrachium nipponense exposed to ambient ammonia were investigated. The results showed that the 96-h LC₅₀ of ammonia-N was 36.6 mg l⁻¹ for the freshwater prawn, M. nipponense, at pH 8.0. When prawns were exposed to high ambient ammonia-N concentrations, the oxygen consumption rate increased and ammonia excretion decreased. Dietary vitamin C supplementation led to higher oxygen consumption and lower ammonia excretion. Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity increased with increased ambient ammonia-N exposure in the range of 0–18.3 mg l⁻¹, and then was reduced at ambient ammonia-N 36.6 mg l⁻¹. Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activities of prawns fed a vitamin C-supplemented diet were significantly lower than those of prawns fed a diet which was not supplemented with vitamin C.     

鳙在不同保藏温度下的鲜度变化

为了阐明不同保藏温度对淡水鱼类鲜度变化的影响,采用K值、TVB-N、细菌总数和感官检定等 4种鲜度指标,对鳙在 20℃～-3℃范围的 5种不同温度贮藏中的鲜度变化进行比较系统的测定和考察。结果表明:(1)鳙的鲜度变化。在20℃和10℃常温下速度很快,保鲜期从数小时到4天;在 0℃前后的3种低温下速度变慢,保鲜期最长的可达 11天。(2)4种鲜度指标中,以感官的一、二、三级为基准,K 值的一、二级鲜度大体高于或等于感官的一、二级;而 TVB-N 一、二级鲜度(也包括细菌总数)则大体相当于或低于感官二、三级,显示了K值作为代表鱼体死后早期高鲜度等级的特征。(3)计算K 值变化速度常数 k_f 值表明 20℃的 K值变化速度较 10℃高6.3倍,而10℃较0℃仅高3.9倍,显示保持接近 0℃的低温,能明显抑制K值的变化,保持较好的鲜度。文中并指出了在5℃以下的低温范围,由于TVB-N 的数量水平偏低,似不适于作为鳙一类淡水鱼鳞度指标,认为在我国采用 K 值鲜度指标更适合淡水鱼高鲜度质量标准的要求。     

施用不同配比肥料对番木瓜产量与品质的影响

为探讨不同氮磷钾配合施肥对海南地区番木瓜产量和品质的影响,在海南儋州地区进行了氮磷钾不同配比施肥试验。结果表明:施肥可增加番木瓜的产量,不同氮磷钾的施肥组合有不同的增产效果,增产率变化在25.30%~69.08%之间。其中氮的增产效果最好,磷肥次之,钾肥最差。结合氮、磷、钾各水平的增产情况和经济效益分析,认为N 340 g/株、P2O5470 g/株和K2O 340 g/株为番木瓜高产的推荐配方。番木瓜不同品质指标对氮磷钾不同水平组合的响应不同。施肥显著增加单果重,增幅在5.92%~23.64%之间。钾对单果重的贡献优于磷,氮最差。尽管施肥没有造成番木瓜大多品质指标上的显著差异,但从各品质指标与各元素水平之间的变化趋势关系上给出施肥建议是,番木瓜要维持较高品质,必须慎施氮肥,多施磷、钾肥。结合经济效益和环保因素,从理论上N 210 g/株、P2O5210 g/株和K2O 340 g/株为番木瓜优质的推荐配方。     

青海省小麦品种基于55K SNP 芯片的遗传多样性分析

为研究青海省小麦品种之间的遗传关系和遗传多样性,选取93个青海小麦品种,基于55K SNP芯片对其进行全基因组扫描,并进行遗传多样性分析。结果共扫描到53 063个SNP位点,选择分型成功率（call rate,CR）≥0.90、缺失率＜10%、MAF＞0.05的SNP位点,获得多态性SNP位点50 243个,多态性比率为94.68%。其中多态性位点在第2同源群中分布最多,在第4同源群中分布最少,在基因组中分布呈现B＞A＞D,特别是4D染色体上的多态性SNP分布最少。93个小麦品种的多态性信息含量(PIC)为0.00～0.59,平均值为0.33,为中度多态性位点;两两品种间的遗传距离为0.00～0.67,平均值为0.41。通过聚类分析表明,根据遗传距离可将93个小麦品种划分为8个类群。综上,青海省现有小麦品种的遗传关系较近,需要引进外来品种来丰富青海省小麦品种的遗传多样性,推动小麦品种的选育及研究工作。     

一次性砍烤对K326品种上部6片烟叶品质的影响

[目的]提高K326品种上部6片烟叶的烘烤质量,增加烟农收益。[方法]通过利用2种不同的烟叶采烤方法,即一次性成熟采收、挂竿烘烤法(处理A)和一次性带茎割收,挂竿烘烤法(处理B),以相互对比烤后烟综合效益优劣的方式来进行试验。[结果]试验表明,烟叶一次性成熟采收、挂竿烘烤法烤后烟,烟叶成熟度高、色彩橘黄、光泽度强、色度强、油分多、身份中等和叶片结构疏松,为优质烟品质,上等烟比例达到55.2%,较常规高27.3个百分点,均价为16.8元/kg,较常规高2.6元/kg,1 kg烤后烟收益较常规高2.47元,每炉上部叶烤后烟收益比常规采烤多1 509元。[结论]一次性砍烤法较一次性常规采烤法优势明显,能显著提高K326品种上部6片烟叶的烘烤质量,能有效提高烟农烘烤烟叶的综合效益,值得进一步研究、推广。     

交联碱木质素--聚乙烯醇基钾镁缓释膜肥对钾、镁的缓释性能

为了提高工业碱木质素的利用率和扩大其应用范围,以工业碱木质素和聚乙烯醇(PVA)为原料、甲醛作为交 联剂、添加硫酸钾和硫酸镁制备交联碱木质素-聚乙烯醇基钾镁缓释膜肥。采用FTIR-ATR 方法测定缓释膜肥的化 学结构,并用淋溶实验检验缓释膜肥对钾、镁的缓释作用。结果表明:1)缓释膜肥在3 260 cm-1 左右的峰变小变宽, 1 332.57 cm-1 处吸收峰消失,1 145.51 ~983.52 cm-1 范围内吸收峰变大,说明碱木质素、聚乙烯醇经甲醛交联有化 学反应发生。2)与纯PVA 交联薄膜相比,碱木质素的加入不利于钾的缓释,而适量的碱木质素有利于镁的缓释, 碱木质素加入量可达20%。随着甲醛加入量的增大,钾累积释放率减小;适量甲醛有利于镁的缓释,但随着甲醛加 入量的增大,缓释膜肥对镁的缓释性能降低。对镁的缓释,甲醛的合适加入量为3.59%。缓释膜肥对钾的缓释主 要是分子结构的物理阻挡作用,而镁缓释除了物理阻挡作用还有木质素的螯合作用。3)对缓释膜肥的动力学试验 数据进行拟合,钾缓释的4 种模型拟合程度都很高,其中Higuchi 模型拟合程度最高,决定系数为0.994 1,说明钾缓 释行为遵循Fick 扩散。镁缓释模型中Ritger-Peppas 模型的拟合程度最高,决定系数为0.974 2,其缓释指数(0.5 n1.0)表明镁缓释行为是扩散和溶蚀综合作用的结果。