柱下十字交叉矩形基础考虑受扭的初步探讨

在一般的进行十字交叉基础设计时,往往只考虑了基础梁上的竖向节点荷载的分配,没有考虑弯矩的分配,实际上扭矩还是存在的。因此,本文以十字交叉基础的边节点荷载为例,探讨了考虑扭矩的分配及其配筋计算。     

6个枣品种枣疯病抗性与枣疯植原体迁移特性差异研究

【目的】探究6个枣树品种枣疯病抗性差异以及枣树体内植原体迁移特性差异,为抗枣疯病枣树品种的选择利用以及枣疯病的防治提供基础数据。【方法】通过采集携带植原体的鸡心脆枣接穗,嫁接到健康枣树砧木上,采用田间调查与普通PCR技术相结合方法,比较不同品种抗枣疯病情况与植原体在不同枣树品种中迁移情况。【结果】不同枣树品种发病时间不同,发病率差异显著,蜂蜜罐枣、尜尜枣和猴头枣为抗病类型,冬枣、红螺脆枣和鸡心脆枣为感病类型。植原体在不同枣树品种中迁移速度不同,植原体在鸡心脆枣和冬枣内迁移速度最快,其后依次为蜂蜜罐枣、红螺脆枣、尜尜枣,在猴头枣内迁移速度最慢。【结论】6个枣树品种中蜂蜜罐枣、尜尜枣和猴头枣表现一定的抗病能力,初步确认了植原体在不同枣树品种体内迁移特征的差异,可为抗枣疯病品种的选择利用和枣疯病防治提供科学依据。     

瓜类蔬菜白粉病抗性诱导及抗性遗传研究进展

瓜类蔬菜作为世界各地重要的蔬菜种类,多年来深受白粉病危害和影响,抗性诱导是减轻其危害的有效技术途径。笔者简要概述了瓜类白粉病抗性诱导及抗性遗传的研究进展,主要从生物因子、化学因子和物理因子诱导途径,以及瓜类白粉病抗性基因和抗性分子标记开发与应用等方面综述了近年来的研究成果,并对今后的研究方向提出展望。     

早籼型水稻温敏核不育系M103S的选育与光温反应特性

以温敏核不育水稻安农S—1为母本，以常规高产早籼稻品系92153为父本进行杂交，通过低温选择和人工气候箱鉴定，育成了育性转换临界温度23—24℃的早籼型温敏核不育系M103S。光周期长于12．5h，日平均温度高于24℃，可以用于制种，日平均温度低于23℃，可以用于繁殖。光周期长于13．5h，日平均温度高于23℃，可以用于制种。自然条件下不育起点温度为日均温23—24℃，耐低温期为3—4d。敏感期为抽穗前的7—14d。播始历期为53—79d，主茎叶片数10．0—12．6片。从播种到始穗的活动积温和有效积温，分别为1493．8—1766．3℃和733．4—1058．3℃。不育期的株高63．6—77．5cm，平均72．0cm，单株有效穗6．4—12．0个，平均9．3个，穗长20．9—22．7cm，平均21．2cm，每穗颖花数112．1—137．3朵，平均122．3朵。可育期株高65．7cm，单株有效穗7．2个，穗长17．2cm，每穗总粒数114．1粒，结实率47．23％，千粒重31．34g。以M103S为母本，与100多个早籼品种进行测配，杂种表现生育期早、穗大、粒多、千粒重高。     

论我国刑事诉讼中自由心证制度确立的现实困扰

我国刑事证明的传统观点认为,我国实行的是事实求是的证据制度,并不愿意正面承认自由心证在我国诉讼证明中的地位。但事实上,我国对于证据证明力的评价本质上依旧是自由评价与自由判断,因此,自由心证制度在我国刑事诉讼中的确立就成为必然,但我们也不能否认在该制度确立的过程中需要克服种种现实困扰:观念层面上的、制度层面上的和理论层面上的。     

湖北省茄子品种抗褐纹病鉴定

收集了目前湖北省市场上销售的34个茄子品种,采用室内离体茄果人工接种的方法,鉴定了这些品种对茄子褐纹病的抗性水平。结果显示:从34个茄子材料中鉴定出免疫品种8个,高抗品种4个,抗病品种2个,中抗品种2个,感病品种18个,说明湖北市场上推广种植的茄子品种50%以上为感褐纹病品种。     

天然林保护工程封山育林国家投资标准探讨

以重庆市涪陵区2012年天保工程封山育林规划设计概算为依据，将涪陵区现行天保工程封山育林按国家标准的投资进行细分，在此基础上结合实际情况进行重新调整，提出了天保工程封山育林新标准，为确定天保工程封山育林标准提供参考。     

Classification of Tomicus Species

Both morphological characters and a portion of of 28S rDNA sequences were used to identifying Tomicus species.The specimens were classed into groups with the following characters: 1) granules or punctures on interstria 2 on the declivity of the elytra;2) length of the elytral interstrial hairs and hairs arising from punctures;3) arrangement of pronotal punctures and hairs.These characters could be clearly examined under a binocular microscope at 30×magnification and they were applicable and valuable for the forest entomologists to identify Tomicus species.The phylogenetic tree established with difference in 28S rDNA sequence of D2 region revealed that the specimens of each group identified by morphological characters were also grouped together.The genetic distances of intra-species, inter-species and inter-genus were not overlapped. Genetic divergence of 28S rDNA was also useful for identifying Tomicus species.     

Rhizosphere calcareous soil P-extraction at the expense of organic carbon from root-exuded organic acids induced by phosphorus deficiency in several plant species

The amount of organic acids in root exudates rapidly increases under phosphorus (P) deficiency. Loss of carbon from root-exuded organic acids, which are derived from plant net photosynthetic products, is generally considered negligible. The present study aimed to study the characteristics of root-exuded organic acids, extraction of phosphorus (P extraction) in calcareous soil and the expression of organic carbon from root-exuded organic acids in two woody Moraceae plants (Broussonetia papyrifera L. Vent and Morus alba L.) and two herbaceous cruciferous plants (Orychophragmus violaceus L. Schulz and Brassica napus L.) under two P levels (P-normal and P-deficient). P extraction and the amount of root-exuded organic acids simultaneously and disproportionately increased in the four plant species tested under P deficiency. The maximum P-extracting capability of the four plant species was observed after 40 days of treatment. Additionally, the response of root-exuded organic acids induced by P deficiency was species-specific. B. papyrifera extracted more P in calcareous soil, and expended less organic acid for the same P-extraction than M. alba. Similarly, O. violaceus extracted more P in calcareous soil, and consumed less organic acid for the same level of P-extraction than B. napus. Root-exuded oxalic and malic acids accounted for most of the increment of P extraction in woody Moraceae plants, while root-exuded citric acid accounted for most of the increment in P extraction in herbaceous cruciferous plants. B. papyrifera and O. violaceus exhibited the strongest P-extracting capability at lower expense of organic carbon over the treatment duration in the four plant species. O. violaceus had the most rapid response of root-exuded organic acids to P deficiency, while B. napus had the slowest response. Thus, rapid response with low organic carbon cost and high efficiency of extraction on P in calcareous soil may underlie the strong adaptability of B. papyrifera and O. violaceus to a Karst environment.