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1.
为建立‘哈伯’南天竹组织培养和种苗繁育技术体系,以半木质化带芽茎段为外植体材料开展植株再生研究。通过观察对比试验法、L9(34)正交试验设计完全随机法、极差分析、显著性检验、LSD多重比较,探讨了‘哈伯’南天竹组培的最适培养基配方。试验结果表明:最佳诱导培养基为MS + 6-BA 2.0 mg/L + IBA 0.1 mg/L +蔗糖30 g/L,诱导萌动率71.77%,成活率85.51%;最佳增殖培养基为WPM +6-BA 1.5 mg/L + IBA 0.01 mg/L + 蔗糖30 g/L,增殖系数6.3;最佳生根培养基为1/2 MS+ IBA 0.5 mg/L + NAA 1.0 mg/L + 蔗糖20 g/L + AC 0.2 g/L,生根率97.63%;试管苗移入泥炭土:珍珠岩=3:2(V/V)混合基质中,移栽成活率96.67%。该试验建立了高效稳定的组培快繁技术体系,得到的组培苗后代能够稳定的保持母本优良性状,为工厂化育苗提供了技术支撑。 相似文献
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我国稻米加工起步于大规模采集野生稻的时期,最初是采用稻谷直接制成米的“稻出白”工艺,后来采用稻谷先制成糙米、糙米再制成米的“糙出白”工艺,两者构成了沿用几千年的古代稻米加工工艺;19世纪60年代开始,增加稻谷清理、白米整理等工段,构成了近代稻米加工工艺;到20世纪末,增加稻谷分级、下脚整理、稻壳整理、副产品整理、糙米精选、白米精选、白米色选、白米抛光等工序,构成现代稻米加工工艺;进入21世纪以来,新增了回砻谷净化、糙米净化、刷米与抛光组合、多道色选、留胚粒分选等工序,构成了当代稻米加工工艺;今后通过增加多等级大米联产、多等级大米与留胚米联产等专利加工工艺,将构成加工过程更加精准且智能化、低破碎、低能耗和环境友好的未来稻米加工工艺。 相似文献
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滴灌下生物质改良材料对盐渍土水盐氮运移的调控效应 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为探究生物质改良材料对滴灌盐渍土水、盐、肥运移过程的调控效应,采用土箱模拟试验,研究了水肥一体化滴灌条件下,生物炭和腐殖酸两种改良材料对盐渍土水、盐、氮运移和再分布过程及其时空分布特征的影响规律。结果表明:在滴灌条件下,盐渍土壤水盐的时空动态变化表现出明显的水分入渗驱动的盐分运移过程和蒸发扩散驱动的水盐再分布过程;铵态氮含量在时间上表现出先增大、后减小的变化趋势,在空间上的运移再分布特征较弱;硝态氮含量初始时空分布表现出与水盐相似的运移特征,受铵态氮硝化作用的多重影响,后期空间分布与铵态氮空间分布相似;生物炭通过提高土壤饱和导水率,增大了入渗阶段土壤水、盐、氮的运移速率和分布范围;腐殖酸通过提高土壤田间持水率增大了再分布过程土壤水、盐、氮的分布范围和强度,同时其对尿素的水解和硝化过程表现出更强的抑制效果。应用生物质改良材料在改变土壤物理性状进而调控滴灌土壤水盐运移的同时,还影响土壤氮素转化运移过程及其分布,这为水肥一体化滴灌盐渍农田的节水、控盐、减肥治理提供了理论基础。 相似文献
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摘 要:【目的】为了保护和发展极小种群植物川柿,开展此研究。【方法】采用观测法,连续3年对其生物学特性研究;种子萌发方法:(1)后熟0、30、45、60天,剥离清洗播种;(2)后熟60天,以GA300、600、1000 mg/L溶液浸种1h;播种基质为河沙(保持一定湿度),放置室内,统计萌发时间和出苗率。【结果】(1)川柿花期4-5月,10月为果熟期,单果直径32.7±5.80mm,单果重23.0±5.30g;种子肾形、千粒重1070g;成年植株呈隔年开花、结果现象;(2)种子经“后熟+河沙播种”,可萌发,其中以后熟60天的出苗率较高,为65%;直接播种种子,出苗率5%;“后熟+GA溶液浸种+河沙播种”,出苗率均高于65%,其中以GA600mg/L浸泡1h处理,出苗率最高为83.3%。【结论】极小种群植物川柿为常绿叶乔木,有隔年开花、结果现象; “果后熟60天+GA600mg/L浸泡种子1h +室内河沙播种”可提高种子萌发率,为川柿种子繁殖提供参考。 相似文献
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A jet fish pump with a throat of ø60 mm was designed to study its performance in the transport of different fish species and the physiological changes in fish thereafter. Experiments were conducted to investigate the fish transport rate and energy required to transport each ton of fish when transporting Carassius auratus, commonly known as the Chinese goldfish, Megalobrama amblycephala, or Wuchang bream, and Ctenopharyngodon idella, the grass carp. Fish were examined for external injuries as well as for several important enzymes and hormones which are indicators of tissue injury and stress. The results showed that the transport rate for all three species of fish rose dramatically with an increase in the primary stream rate. In this experiment, the transport rates of C. auratus, M. amblycephala and C. idella reached 2357 ± 37.2 kg ∙ h−1, 2888 ± 41.6 kg ∙ h−1, and 2060 ± 40.2 kg ∙ h−1, respectively. However, both injury rate and energy required to transport each ton of fish increased no matter whether the primary stream rate was too low or too high. Considering both transport rate and injury rate, the mean primary stream rate of 80 m3 ∙ h−1 was determined to be the optimal operating condition in this experiment. Fish were stressed and most likely some of their organs were damaged. However, most physiological indexes almost fully recovered after several hours. 相似文献
9.
Equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) is responsible for respiratory disorders, abortion and myeloencephalopathy (EHM) in horses. Two pathotypes of EHV-1 strains are circulating in the field: neurovirulent (N) and non-neurovirulent (NN). For both strains, CD172a+ monocytic cells are one of the main carrier cells of EHV-1 during primary infection, allowing the virus to invade the horse’s body. Recently, we showed that EHV-1 NN strains showed a restricted and delayed replication in CD172a+ cells. Here we characterize the in vitro replication kinetics of two EHV-1 N strains in CD172a+ cells and investigate if the replication of these strains is similarly silenced as shown for EHV-1 NN strains. We found that EHV-1 N replication was restricted to 7–8% in CD172a+ cells compared to 100% in control RK-13 cells. EHV-1 N replication was not delayed in CD172a+ cells but virus production was significant lower (103.0 TCID50/105 inoculated cells) than in RK-13 cells (108.5 TCID50/105 inoculated cells). Approximately 0.04% of CD172a+ cells produced and transmitted infectious EHV-1 to neighbour cells compared to 65% of RK-13 cells. Unlike what we observed for the NN strain, pretreatment of CD172a+ cells with histone deacetylases inhibitors (HDACi) did not influence the replication of EHV-1 N strains in these cells. Overall, these results show that the EHV-1 replication of N strains in CD172a+ cells differs from that observed for NN strains, which may contribute to their different pathogeneses in vivo. 相似文献
10.
Susanna Price 《Asia Pacific viewpoint》2019,60(2):191-204
The realisation that climate change might necessitate resettlement of people displaced initially raised interest in the experience of development‐forced displacement and resettlement (DFDR). Looking back, in 1980 the first international policy on involuntary resettlement was approved to address perceived weaknesses in state property and expropriation law to safeguard people in the way of development projects. Since then international policy and praxis have brought global attention to developmentally displaced people but have not guaranteed them an effective safeguard. Recently, renewed attention has focussed on state legal and governance frameworks substantively and procedurally. Identifying four key policy objectives that resonate with climate change displacement I analyse their treatment in a data base of DFDR laws and regulations from 40 Asia Pacific states. This analysis finds overall little legal congruence. Innovative new formulations in some Asian state laws address recent public criticisms and research findings, but mostly are yet to demonstrate positive outcomes for displaced people. Pacific states increasingly abandon expropriation law to negotiate lease terms for public infrastructure projects with customary landowners that do not extinguish customary title. Any laws governing climate change relocations must protect rights, livelihoods, well‐being, inclusive decision‐making and community initiatives with procedures whilst not relinquishing climate‐change‐reducing action. 相似文献