Target Group Segmentation in the Horse Buyers’ Market against the Background of Equestrian Experience

Whereas in former times horses were reserved primarily for people involved in agriculture, elite equestrians or the military, nowadays equestrian sport has become an activity for people with a wide variety of backgrounds. However, as more and more people become involved with equestrian sport today, the knowledge concerning animal husbandry in general is diminishing due to an alienation from agricultural themes in modern societies. As a consequence, this development affects both riding ability and the appraisal of horses, especially with respect to the purchase of horses. In order to analyse which factors influence purchase decisions in the horse market in conjunction with equestrian experience, 739 horse riders were surveyed on their purchase behaviour in this study. Using cluster analysis, a typology was generated that provides a differentiated picture of the preferences of the various rider groups. Three clusters were distinguished: the “amateurs”, the “experienced” and the “experts”. Taking personal horse riding proficiency into account, it could be concluded that especially the “amateur” group required objective criteria for the evaluation of a horse they are considering purchasing. Alongside “measureable” qualities, such as previous showing success or the level of training of the horse, also other attributes such as the simple handling of the horse should be taken into consideration. As particularly the “amateur” group in equestrian sport is increasing in numbers, it is therefore advisable when preparing a horse for sale to align oneself to the needs of this customer segment in order to ensure an effective and targeted marketing of horses.     

论童年经验对余华创作的影响

从创作动因、零度情感写作、文革情结三方面论述童年经验对余华创作的影响,认为童年经验是作家创作动机的重要动因,它可以影响作家一生的创作倾向、创作风格以及价值取向。文学创作就是作家童年经验的重塑与变形。     

棉铃虫5龄幼虫对棉酚和印楝素的味觉适应性行为研究

【目的】研究棉铃虫幼虫对棉酚和印楝素的味觉适应性行为,为棉铃虫的防治提供参考依据。【方法】采用叶碟法和味觉感受器切除法进行不同取食条件下棉铃虫5龄幼虫的取食选择行为试验。供试化合物为处理后终浓度为2mmol／L的棉酚和印楝素。【结果】正常人工饲料饲养的棉铃虫幼虫对棉酚和印楝素均十分敏感,取食对照叶碟量显著高于处理叶碟（P〈0．05）;切除中栓锥感受器后棉铃虫幼虫取食含棉酚或含印楝素的叶蝶量与正常叶碟有显著差异（P〈0．05）,而切除侧栓锥感受器后棉铃虫幼虫取食含棉酚或含印楝素的叶蝶量与正常叶碟差异不显著（P〉0．05）;以含有低浓度取食抑制素的人工饲料饲养的棉铃虫幼虫对棉酚和印楝素不敏感,取食对照叶碟量与处理叶碟无显著差异（P〉0．05）。【结论】棉酚和印楝素是棉铃虫幼虫的取食抑制素,侧栓锥感受器中含有对棉酚和印楝素敏感的味觉神经元,不同取食经历的棉铃虫幼虫对棉酚和印楝素具有行为适应性。     

印度实蝇姬小蜂寄生习性研究

【目的】探明印度实蝇姬小蜂Aceratoneuromyia indica(Silvestri)在广州地区阳桃园内的自然寄生情况及其寄生习性。【方法】以橘小实蝇和印度实蝇姬小蜂为研究对象,采集田间落果和采用室内饲养的方法研究了印度实蝇姬小蜂对橘小实蝇的自然寄生情况,并在室内研究了印度实蝇姬小蜂的寄生习性。【结果】田间调查表明,印度实蝇姬小蜂在广州阳桃园的田间寄生率可高达43.8%。印度实蝇姬小蜂对寄主具有选择性,能寄生于橘小实蝇的幼虫和蛹,但不能寄生黄粉虫卵、幼虫和蛹以及米蛾卵。从单只橘小实蝇蛹中羽化出的印度实蝇姬小蜂成虫数为16.4±4.2只;补充营养能显著增加印度实蝇姬小蜂成虫寿命;从繁殖印度实蝇姬小蜂后代的效果来看,不同营养物质对F1代的影响并不一致,室内饲养时,可用10%蔗糖和10%蜂蜜喂养印度实蝇姬小蜂成虫。【结论】印度实蝇姬小蜂是橘小实蝇幼虫和蛹期寄生蜂,可科学利用印度实蝇姬小蜂防治橘小实蝇。     

食品专业线上教学模式探讨

在全国人民抗击“新冠疫情”的特殊时期,响应“停课不停学”的号召,积极开展线上教学。从线上教学平台的利用、教学资料的整合、线上教学方案的设计、教师自我成长及学生学习效果的评价方式等方面进行探索。     

Reliability of pelvimetry is affected by observer experience but not by breed and sex: A cross-sectional study in beef cattle

Pelvis size plays an important role to prevent dystocia in cattle caused by the foeto-maternal disproportion in commonly primiparous females. The reproducibility and repeatability are two important aspects for the reliability of the measurements to use in the selection of cattle for culling. Pelvic measures were taken with a Rice pelvimeter from 224 young cattle (180 females and 44 males) of four beef breeds in South Africa. One experienced and two inexperienced observers each measured pelvic height and width twice. The proportion measurements with a maximum difference of 0.5 cm within animal compared with the first measurement by the experienced observer are around 80% and by the inexperienced observers around 50% for pelvic height and around 60% for pelvic width. Breed and sex do not affect the reliability of pelvimetry by an experienced observer. Under- and overestimation of pelvis size were observed in inexperienced observers, which seems to be unrelated to breed and sex.     

奶牛脾虚慢草症的治疗体会

饮喂失调或劳伤过度,耗损气血,致使脾虚胃弱,引起水谷运化失常,不能输布精气,营养全身,久则畜体日渐瘦弱,食欲减少,即成脾虚慢草之症。中兽医经验方“扶脾散”由党参、黄芪、白术(土炒)、茯苓、泽泻、青皮、木香、厚朴、甘草、苍术(炒)组成,有补中益气、下气利水的功能,适用于脾虚慢草症,笔者在此方基础上加入当归、山药、扁豆、砂仁、枳壳、柴胡、升麻、陈皮、焦三仙等药物治疗奶牛脾虚慢草症效果显著。     

为游憩者创造良好的行为环境

本文在分析游憩行为环境的涵义和作用的基础上.以行为心理学的理论为指导.从满足游憩者的游憩体验的角度出发.系统的阐述了与游憩行为环境的设计密切相关的种种因素,以期对现代游憩环境的设计与建设起到一定的参考与借鉴作用.     

森林公园环境保护与游客体验管理的协调机制研究

阐述了环境保护与游客体验管理在森林公园管理中的重要性，指出了这两者存在着既相互依赖又相互矛盾的辩证关系，运用系统论与控制论等理论从监测机制、调节机制及反馈机制等3个方面构建了森林公园环境保护与游客体验管理的协调机制，其中着重对如何设计监测指标及对森林公园生态环境与游客体验协调度的计算进行了探讨。