设施菜田频振式杀虫灯诱杀效果及害虫扑灯节律初报

用频振式杀虫灯(灯高0.8 m和1.3 m)进行了5 d诱杀设施菜田害虫的试验,结果表明:诱杀的害虫涉及6目21科34种;灯高0.8 m诱杀害虫数量显著大于1.3 m的;20:00~21:00害虫扑灯最活跃;高1.3 m灯下益害比值(0.0809±0.0146)显著大于高0.8 m灯(0.0542±0.0081)。提出了评价杀虫灯诱杀昆虫能力的时间参数"扑灯中时间MTDL50"和"扑灯黄金时间GTDL61.8",高0.8 m灯下害虫扑灯中时间是21:06:25,黄金时间22:10:08;高1.3 m灯下害虫扑灯中时间是21:02:46,黄金时间22:07:54。     

密闭式植物种苗工厂的设计及其光环境研究

密闭式植物苗工厂具有节能、环保、控制精度高、生产成本低等特点,发展前景广阔。利用不透光的绝热材料建设人工光型密闭式植物工厂,设计开发了高精度的环境控制系统,为植物生长提供优化的物理环境。研制了种苗繁育LED光环境调控装置、光照距离可调式荧光灯板,有效地改善植物生长所需的光环境,提高植物的光能利用率。通过对环境控制系统的试验研究以及相关的生物学试验,为密闭式植物工厂以及人工光源在育苗领域的应用研究提供了理论和试验依据。LED、荧光灯与自然光条件下黄瓜育苗对比试验表明LED光环境下植株生长速率高于其他处理,表现出一定的生长优越性。     

LED红、蓝光源对香蕉组培苗生长的影响

以香蕉组培苗为材料,研究了不同LED光质及其比例对香蕉组培苗生长的影响。结果表明,459 Lx及以上光强的红光处理可显著增加香蕉组培苗的根数和根长,促进植株长高,而在其他指标上,与对照无显著差异；459 Lx及以上光强的蓝光可以促进根的伸长,抑制株高,其他指标与对照无显著差异；红蓝光比例为80%R+20%B时,香蕉组培苗植株的根数、根长、叶片数、茎粗、各部分鲜重及干物质率显著增加,株高、顶叶面积与对照无差异为香蕉组培苗最佳LED光照处理。     

High-intensity light of full-spectrum LED promotes survival rate but not development of the larval swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus

In this study, a 25-day experiment was performed to evaluate the survival and development of Portunus trituberculatus larvae under different light intensities (0, 61.55, 93.57, 124.31, 195.31, 248.51, and 310.95 μmol m⁻² s^-1). The newly hatched larvae were cultured in 1-L beakers at a density of 100 individuals/L, with four replicates per treatment. Full-spectrum light-emitting diode (LED) strip lamps were used as the light source. The larvae were fed with Artemia nauplii until all the larvae metamorphosed to young crabs or died, and survival and development of the larvae were recorded. The results showed that P. trituberculatus zoeae were not able to complete the entire larval cycle in the absence of light. In the dark treatment, the survival rate of the larvae decreased sharply in Z3 and reached 0.8 % in Z4, and all the larvae failed to develop to the megalopa stage. In the light treatment, no significant differences were observed in the survival rates of the Z1, Z2, and Z3 larvae under different light intensities (P > 0.05). However, the highest survival rates were detected for Z4 larvae and megalopae at 195.31 and 124.31 μmol m⁻² s^-1, respectively, indicating a decline in the light requirement. Although the Z2 and Z4 larvae were found to develop faster at a light intensity of 195.31 μmol m⁻² s^-1 (P < 0.05), no significant differences were found among the treatments at the end of the experiment (P> 0.05). In conclusion, the results show that P. trituberculatus needs more lighting than other crab species, and the light requirement declines as the zoeal and megalopal larvae develop into young crabs.     

不同比例红蓝光对奶油生菜生长、光合特性及品质的影响

选用奶油生菜为试验材料,研究了白光(CK)、红光(R)、蓝光(B)、不同比例红蓝光等6种光质对生菜生长发育、叶片光合特性及品质的影响。结果显示:不同光质对生菜生长的影响不同,R处理下生菜的地上部分干、鲜质量及叶面积最大,R︰B=1︰1、R︰B=1︰2次之;R︰B=1︰2处理下生菜叶片中叶绿素a/b最大,R︰B=2︰1、R︰B=1︰1、R︰B=1︰2处理均可提高生菜叶片的净光合速率;R处理有利于生菜叶片中糖分的积累,R︰B=2︰1、R︰B=1︰1、R︰B=1︰2处理下生菜可溶性蛋白含量提高,R︰B=1︰2处理更有利于生菜VC含量的增加。综合各项指标,R︰B=1︰2处理下生菜的产量及品质最佳。     

LED在园林景观照明中可持续应用问题探析

介绍了LED的基本原理和特性,并就LED在园林景观照明中可持续应用问题做了前瞻性的展望,为LED在园林景照明中的推广和使用提供参考。     

引诱捕杀害虫的试验

为解决夏秋季节鳞翅目(蛾)类和鞘翅目(甲虫)类害虫防治难的问题,根据该两类害虫趋味性和趋光性的特性,在储粮区域内安置昆虫气味信息素引诱剂和频振式杀虫灯,进行引诱捕杀害虫。试验结果证明:该方法杀虫效果明显,有效地控制了害虫的繁殖生存和对粮食的危害,实现了绿色储粮的目的。     

频振式杀虫灯在主要农作物上的应用

采用频振式杀虫灯不同挂灯高度和单灯控制半径对主要农作物重大害虫诱杀效果进行了研究.试验结果表明,频振式杀虫灯适宜的挂灯高度为水稻120～150cm,玉米150～180cm,蔬菜80～120 cm,果树150～180 cm,茶叶120～150cm.单灯适宜的控制半径为100m     

设施栽培对忽地笑生长的影响

在温室内采用红蓝组合(6∶1)LED灯在叶生长期对忽地笑进行不同水平的补光处理,研究补光及日光温室栽培对叶生长及鳞茎生物量的影响。研究结果表明,温室栽培显著增加了叶长度和鳞茎产量,分别比室外种植提高73%和145%;忽地笑是喜光植物,且对光敏感,虽然室内补光处理间鳞茎产量未达显著性差异,但较弱的补光就能不同程度地增加鳞茎产量。