水蕹菜浮床覆盖度对淇河鲫的生长及营养品质的影响

为了获得淇河鲫池塘养殖中的最佳水蕹菜浮床覆盖度,试验随机选取360尾淇河鲫,设计水蕹菜浮床覆盖度为0%(C0)、10%(C1)、20%(C2)和30%(C3)4个试验组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾鱼,饲养90 d后,测定各试验组养殖水质、淇河鲫的生长、常规营养成分和氨基酸含量,并比较其差异。结果显示,水蕹菜浮床覆盖度仅对鱼肉品质中的甘氨酸、缬氨酸和精氨酸有显著性影响（P<0.05）,3种氨基酸的最大值基本上在C1试验组,且各试验组间缬氨酸和精氨酸的含量变化与增重率变化一致。此外,与C0相比,C1、C2和C3试验组均含有较高的粗蛋白和灰分含量及较低的粗脂肪含量,其中C1试验组具有最高的粗蛋白含量和最低的粗脂肪含量。结果表明,10%水蕹菜浮床覆盖度最有利于淇河鲫的优良鱼肉品质的形成,过高的覆盖度则起相反作用。     

水蕹菜植生型混凝土对克氏原螯虾养殖污水除磷效果的研究

[目的]为克氏原螯虾的健康养殖提供可借鉴的基础参数。[方法]共设8组处理,对克氏原螯虾养殖污水进行25d净化处理．定期检测各处理组水体中的总磷含量（TP）。[结果]水蕹菜植生型混凝土（处理）对水体TP去除效果显著大于单纯的混凝土或水蕹菜,并呈现出一定的时间和生物量效应;通过统计分析拟合出TP、水蕹菜初始生物量密度（D）和处理时间（t）的二元函数模型。[结论]水蕹莱植生型混凝土对水体TP去除效果的函数模型可以为实践提供理论参数,     

甘薯无土培育体系的研究与应用

甘薯(Ipomoea batatas)是一年生蔓生草本植物, 具地下块根, 原产于热带中美洲, 是中国重要的旱粮作物, 并有鲜食、 菜用、 观赏等多种类型。随着无土栽培技术的不断发展, 其在甘薯栽培上的应用也越来越广泛。综述了甘薯无土培育体系建设方面的研究进展和成果, 包括甘薯水培模式以及国内外有关甘薯水培的研究内容, 阐述了无土培育体系在甘薯育苗、 繁种、 生产、 绿化等方面的应用。提出了甘薯无土培育体系存在的问题并展望其发展前景。     

硒锌交互对蕹菜产量和品质的影响

采用水培法研究不同浓度硒(0、0.05、0.5、1、2 mg/L)、锌(0.05、0.5、1、2 mg/L)配施对蕹菜产量和品质的影响。结果表明:在一定浓度范围内(硒浓度2 mg/L,0.05 mg/L锌浓度2 mg/L),同浓度锌与不同浓度硒配合施用,硒浓度越小蕹菜产量越高;同浓度硒与不同浓度锌配合施用,产量均为锌0.5 mg/L的处理最高。而低锌(0.05 mg/L)条件下,随着配施硒浓度的增加,蕹菜产量先增加后降低。当锌硒浓度均为2 mg/L时,蕹菜生长受阻,产量下降,且出现中毒现象。其中锌浓度为0.5 mg/L、硒浓度为0.05 mg/L的处理蕹菜长势最好,产量最高。与对照相比,硒锌配施增加了蕹菜锌、硒、Vc、蛋白质以及可溶性总糖的含量,但对蕹菜硝酸盐含量的影响不显著,其中,硒、锌浓度均为1 mg/L的处理对提高蕹菜营养品质的效果最好。但是,总体而言,硒锌配施最理想的水平是硒浓度为0.05 mg/L、锌浓度为0.5 mg/L,因为此配施浓度显著增加了蕹菜产量(产量是硒、锌浓度均为1 mg/L的处理近3倍),而且还提高了蕹菜的品质。     

甘薯新品种泉薯9号丰产性及其高产机理研究

泉薯9号是福建省泉州市农业科学研究所2003年以泉薯268为母本放任授粉选育而成的,2009年初通过福建省农作物品种审定.泉薯9号的丰产性好:鲜薯产量在27 859.5～49 750.5 kg·hm-2,为对照的89.81%～127.05%;薯干产量在8 500.0～14929.5 kg·hm-2,为对照的104.20...     

Enhanced Stem Nematode Resistance of Transgenic Sweetpotato Plants Expressing Oryzacystatin-I Gene

Enhanced stem nematode resistance of transgenic sweetpotato (cv. Lizixiang) was achieved using Oryzacyslatin-I (OCI)gene with Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. A. Tumefaciens strain EHA 105 harbors a binary vector pCAMBIA1301 with OCI gene, gusA gene and hptⅡ gene. Selection culture was conducted using 25 mg L-1 hygromycin. A total of 1715 plants were produced from the inoculated 1 450 cell aggregates of Lizixiang via somatic embryogenesis. GUS assay and PCR analysis of the putative transgenic plants randomly sampled showed that 90.54% of them were transgenic plants. Transgenic plants exhibited significantly enhanced resistance to stem nematodes compared to the untransformed control plants by the field evaluation with stem nematodes. Stable integration of the OCI gene into the genome of resistant transgenic plants was confirmed by Southern blot analysis, and the copy number of integrated OCI gene ranged from 1 to 4. Transgene overexpression in stem nematode-resistant plants was demonstrated by quantitative real-time PCR analysis. This study provides a way for improving stem nematode resistance in sweetpotato.     

根癌农杆菌介导的抗除草剂转基因甘薯植株的获得

以甘薯品种栗子香的胚性悬浮细胞为受体材料, 用根癌农杆菌介导法,获得了表达bar基因的抗除草剂转基因甘薯植株。农杆菌菌株LBA4404携带含有bar基因的双元载体pCAMBIA3300。共计450个胚性细胞团用于遗传转化。在添加2 mg/L 2,4－D、100 mg/L Carb和0.5 mg/L PPT 的固体MS培养基上选择培养8周后,得到了19个PPT抗性愈伤组织。将这19个抗性愈伤组织转移到添加1 mg/L ABA、100 mg/L Carb和0.5 mg/L PPT 的固体MS 培养基上,其中的10个抗性愈伤组织共再生出103株拟转基因植株。PCR分析表明,其中的69株为转基因植株。Southern blot分析表明,bar基因稳定整合到转基因植株的基因组中。除草剂喷洒试验结果表明,转基因植株具有高度除草剂抗性。     

Analysis of genetic diversity in a sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) germplasm collection from Tanzania as revealed by AFLP

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is the fifth most important crop in the developing countries after rice, wheat, maize and cassava. The amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) method was used to study the genetic diversity and relationships of sweet potato accessions in the germplasm collection of Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro and Sugarcane Research Institute, Kibaha, Tanzania. AFLP analysis of 97 sweet potato accessions using ten primer combinations gave a total of 202 clear polymorphic bands. Each one of the 97 sweet potato accessions could be distinguished based on these primer combinations. Estimates of genetic similarities were obtained by the Dice coefficient, and a final dendrogram was constructed with the un-weight pair-group method using arithmetic average. AFLP-based genetic similarity varied from 0.388 to 0.941, with a mean of 0.709. Cluster analysis using genetic similarity divided the accessions into two main groups suggesting that there are genetic relationships among the accessions. Principal Coordinate analysis confirmed the pattern of the cluster analysis. Analysis of molecular variance revealed greater variation within regions (96.19%) than among regions (3.81%). The results from the AFLP analysis revealed a relatively low genetic diversity among the germplasm accessions and the genetic distances between regions were low. A maximally diverse subset of 13 accessions capturing 97% of the molecular markers diversity was identified. We were able to detect duplicates accessions in the germplasm collection using the highly polymorphic markers obtained by AFLP, which were found to be an efficient tool to characterize the genetic diversity and relationships of sweet potato accessions in the germplasm collection in Tanzania.