Therapeutic management of copper deficiency in buffalo heifers: Impact on immune function

To evaluate the magnitude of copper deficiency in Northern India and to examine the various haematobiochemicals, enzymes, vitamins and immune functions affected by copper deficiency, and to identify the parameters which can be of diagnostic importance in copper deficiency, a survey was conducted in 12 districts of Northern India. Significant deficiency of copper was observed in soil, fodder and serum samples of buffalo heifers. Fifty hypocuperaemic buffalo heifers were selected from these areas and were randomly divided into two groups, A and B. The heifers in group A were provided with mineral mixture containing copper sulphate and in group B without copper sulphate. Significant (p < 0.01) improvement in serum ceruloplasmin level was observed within 30 days of treatment, while significant (p < 0.01) improvement in monoamine oxidase and liver cytochrome oxidase was observed at the 60th day of treatment in group A animals. Significant improvement was observed in T₃ and T₄, in the animals of group A within 60 days of treatment. The values of vitamin A and E showed significant (p < 0.01) improvement within 30 days of treatment. The phagocytic activity of neutrophils against Candida albicans significantly (p < 0.01) improved in group A within 60 days of treatment. Similarly, significant improvement in superoxide dismutase activity in red blood cells was observed at the 30th day, and in total leukocytes and whole blood at the 60th day in group A animals. Significant improvement in liver copper level was observed at the 30th day of treatment, while in group B the liver copper was significantly (p < 0.01) depleted at the 60th day of experimentation. Additional copper supplementation improved growth performance significantly in group A.     

半导体激光照射创面对犬细胞免疫机能的影响

用本地杂种犬１２只分为两组，在背部两侧各造一边长为２ｃｍ的正方形皮肤全层缺损创。实验组左侧用激光照射，对照组不照射作为对照。结果：砷化镓激光照射创面可显著提高犬外周血液中ＡＮＡＥ阳性淋巴细胞数量，对淋巴细胞转化率有增高的趋势。     

兔巴氏杆菌-大肠杆菌油乳与中药灭活苗的研制

以多杀性巴氏杆菌(C-481)、致病性大肠杆菌O85、O119、O18等菌株制备的兔巴氏杆菌-大肠杆菌油乳与中药灭活菌苗，经实验室免疫试验和中间试验证明，该菌苗在免疫后第14天即可产生坚强的免疫力；经攻毒试验证明，该菌苗的保护率为93％，免疫期为9个月，免疫效果良好。该菌苗在4℃以下可保存18个月以上，室温阴暗处可保存10个月以上。临床使用证明，该菌苗能有效的控制巴氏杆菌病与大肠杆菌病在兔群中的流行，可在生产中推广应用。     

谷氨酰胺二肽对断奶仔猪生长、免疫、抗氧化力和小肠粘膜形态的影响

本文旨在研究谷氨酰胺二肽(Gln二肽)对断奶仔猪生长、免疫、抗氧化力和小肠粘膜形态的影响,探讨Gln二肽缓减仔猪断奶应激的机理。选用96头平均体重(6.23±0.13)kg杜×(大×长)三元杂交仔猪,按完全区组设计分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复6头(公母各1/2),各处理仔猪分别饲喂基础饲粮、基础饲粮添加0.125%Gln二肽、基础饲粮添加0.25%Gln二肽和2%血浆蛋白粉的试验饲粮。结果表明,饲粮中添加0.125%和0.25%Gln二肽可以提高断奶仔猪生长性能。其中,断奶后0～10d0.125%Gln二肽组的生长性能与2%血浆蛋白粉组相近;断奶后11～21d0.125%Gln二肽组的生长性能略优于2%血浆蛋白粉组(P>0.05),而每kg增重饲料成本显著低于2%血浆蛋白粉(P<0.05)。随饲粮Gln二肽添加水平提高,断奶后第10天血液中CD4 数量以二次曲线方式升高(二次,P=0.08),第10和第21天血清GSH-Px活性分别以线性(线性,P=0.02)或二次曲线(二次,P=0.10)方式升高,第10和第21天血清SOD活性均以线性方式升高(线性,P=0.10和0.08)。断奶后第21天,0.125%Gln二肽组十二指肠的隐窝深度显著低于基础饲粮组(P<0.05)。总之,Gln二肽可能通过增强断奶仔猪细胞免疫功能、改善抗氧化能力、防止小肠粘膜绒毛萎缩,以缓减仔猪的断奶应激,从而提高生长性能,且以0.125%Gln二肽组仔猪生长性能最好,每kg增重饲料成本最低。     

中药复方制剂免疫调节研究进展

对中药复方及多糖的免疫调节作用进行了概述,表明中药复方制剂及其免疫活性物质——多糖具有调节和增强机体免疫机能的双重作用。     

信阳地区非典型新城疫的发病特点及其防制

近年来 ,以高发病率、高死亡率、爆发性为特征的典型新城疫已很少见。而非典型新城疫则越来越多 ,已成为危害养鸡业的重大疫病之一。本文全面分析了非典型新城疫发生流行的形式、主要原因、特点等 ,并据此提出了综合防制措施 ,对养鸡场 (户 )具有较大的指导帮助作用     

农村散养猪猪瘟疫苗首免及二免效果观察

为探索农村散养猪猪瘟疫苗首次及二次免疫抗体变化规律,选择20头35日龄仔猪,35日龄首次免疫,75日龄二次免疫,用猪瘟正向间接血凝试验监测免疫抗体。结果：猪瘟疫苗首次免疫合格期为40天,二次免疫合格期达到95天以上。     

卵黄抗体在疾病防治中应用的研究进展

卵黄抗体是一种多克隆抗体,由禽类经特异性抗原刺激后通过B淋巴细胞产生并运行至卵黄中所形成,具有强大的免疫功能。对卵黄抗体的结构特点、理化性质、作用机理及其在各类动物疾病治疗预防方面的应用进行了综述,并指出了目前存在的问题。     

Effects of salinomycin and Bacillus subtilis on growth performance and immune responses in broiler chickens

The present study was undertaken to compare the effect of salinomycin and Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, serum antibody levels against Clostridium spp. and Eimeria spp., and cytokine mRNA expression levels in broiler chickens raised in the used litter. Broiler chickens fed a diet containing salinomycin showed lower (P < 0.05) body weights compared with the control diet-fed counterparts. Serum nitric oxide levels were significantly (P < 0.05) elevated in chickens fed the B. subtilis-enriched diet compared with those on either the salinomycin-fed or control diet-fed chickens. None of the dietary treatments affected (P > 0.05) serum antibody levels against Clostridium perfringens toxins. Both salinomycin and B. subtilis significantly lowered (P < 0.05) the serum levels of Eimeria-specific antibodies compared with the control group. Salinomycin, but not B. subtilis, significantly modulated (P < 0.05) the expression of cytokines encoding interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor superfamily 15 (TNFSF15) compared with the control group. In conclusion, dietary salinomycin and B. subtilis affected serum anticoccidial antibody and intestinal cytokine expression, but failed to improve growth performance in broiler chickens. Further study is warranted to investigate the mode of action of salinomycin on host immune response and growth performance in broiler chickens.     

猪圆环病毒2型灭活疫苗免疫效果试验

本试验将10窝同期出生的共105头仔猪,随机分为试验组和对照组,试验组于14日龄、45日龄分别进行猪圆环病毒2型灭活疫苗免疫,对照组不免疫。通过临床跟踪观测和定期采血进行猪圆环病毒2型ELISA抗体和PCR病毒核酸检测。结果表明,临床免疫猪群成活率及生长指标明显好于不免疫猪群;试验组及对照组病毒核酸阳性检出率和抗体阳性率差异不显著,且可同时检出圆环病毒核酸及抗体。